◎ 這幾個(gè)詞都可用作程度副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞,其程度依次增強(qiáng)為:fairly,quite,rather,pretty。
① fairly和rather均可表示“相當(dāng)?shù)亍?,但有區(qū)別。fairly常用于修飾“褒義”的表示愉快的形容詞,如 good,clever,well,nice,pretty,brave,diligent等,指在好的方面“相當(dāng)?shù)亍?,修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí),不可與 too 或比較級(jí)連用。
He speaks English fairly well. 他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得相當(dāng)好。
She is fairly pleased with your work. 她對(duì)你的工作相當(dāng)滿意。
The quality is fairly good. 質(zhì)量相當(dāng)好。
② rather常指在不好的方面“相當(dāng)?shù)亍?,常修飾令人不悅的形容詞,如 bad,poor,lazy,stupid,late,tired,crowded 等,但也可修飾褒義詞。rather修飾形容詞和副詞原級(jí),也可修飾比較級(jí),也可同 too 連用,結(jié)構(gòu)為:rather too+形容詞或副詞。
It is rather hot today. 今天相當(dāng)熱。
You've done rather well. 你做得相當(dāng)好。
The daughter is fairly clever,but the son is rather dull. 女兒很聰明,但兒子卻很笨。
The book is rather too difficult for a child of ten. 對(duì)一個(gè)10歲的孩子來(lái)說(shuō),這本書(shū)太難了。
比較
The book is fairly easy. 這本書(shū)很容易。(易懂易學(xué))
The book is rather easy. 這本書(shū)太容易了。(過(guò)分簡(jiǎn)單)
③ 同不定冠詞a連用時(shí),a放在rather前后均可,但只能放在fairly前面。
That is a rather poor family.
That is rather a poor family.
那是一個(gè)非常貧困的家庭。
That is fairly a rich family.
That is a fairly rich family.
那是一個(gè)很富有的家庭。
④ quite在分量上比 fairly 強(qiáng),rather語(yǔ)氣又比 quite 強(qiáng),同 pretty和rather 很接近,常用于非正式文體。比較:
quite a+形容詞+名詞
a quite+形容詞+名詞
(a 不可放在 quite 前面)
We were quite impressed by her speech. 我們對(duì)她的演講印象不錯(cuò)。
He is quite an honest man.
他是一個(gè)很誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。
He is a quite honest man.
⑤ quite的其他結(jié)構(gòu):①quite+another+名詞,②quite+形容詞。
He is quite a hero. 他真是一位英雄。
That's quite another story. 那完全是另一回事。
You are quite mistaken. 你完全錯(cuò)了。