課本中不會教你的[S]609　should用法難點

609　should用法難點

① should用作助動詞，為shall的過去式，用來構成過去將來時，主要用于賓語從句中的第一人稱。

I told her that I should see her the next day. 我告訴她我將在第二天見她。

We thought we should never come here again. 我們原以為永遠也不會再到這里來了。

② should作情態(tài)動詞，表示“應該，應當”，通用于各種人稱。

We should help each other. 我們應該相互幫助。

You should write a letter to her. 你應該給她寫一封信。

Theory should be combined with practice. 理論應同實踐相結合。

③ should用于第一人稱，表示委婉語氣，為客氣、禮貌的說法。

I should say you'd better learn another foreign language. 我倒覺得你最好再學一門外語。

We should like to do the experiment right now. 我們倒是想立即做這項實驗。

④ should可用于特殊疑問句中，表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有“竟會，竟然會，怎么會”等義。

How should I know？我怎么會知道呢？

Why should I do it？為什么要我做那件事呢？

A：Go and cut down the tree. 去把那棵樹砍掉。

B：Why should I？為什么（要）我砍呢？

⑤ should be doing sth.表示應該在做什么。

You shouldn't be sitting here doing nothing. 你不應該坐在這里什么也不干。

You shouldn't be staying up so late. 你不該睡這么晚。

⑥ should have done sth.表示該做而實際未做，含有責備、遺憾、建議、指正的意味，意為“本應該”。

You should have come earlier. 你本該早些來的。

These manuscripts should have been kept in a dry place. 這些手稿本應存放在干燥的地方。

You should have told him you don't like to do it. 你來應告訴他你不喜歡做那件事的。

There is no reason why he should have sold the house. 他竟然把房子賣了，簡直毫無理由。

⑦ shouldn't have done sth.表示不該做卻做了，或該做卻沒做，含有責備等意味。

This kind of flower should not have been watered so often. 這種花本不該澆水這樣勤的。

She shouldn't have left home without a word. 她不該什么也沒說就離開了家。

You shouldn't have told her the news. 你本不該把消息告訴她的。（但卻告訴了）

You should have told her the news. 你本該把消息告訴她的。（但卻沒告訴）

⑧ should用在虛擬語氣中，相當于would。

If we had planted this kind of trees in a damp place，they should have grown better. 這種樹要是種在潮濕的地方，會長得更好。

If I were to do the job，I should do it in a different way. 要是我來做這項工作，我會以不同的方式做。