第一冊(cè)第15篇：葛提斯堡演說(shuō)

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Abraham Lincoln 亞伯拉罕·林肯

Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. (2)

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated(3), can long endure. We are met(4) on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live(5). It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

八十年前，我們的先輩在這塊大陸上創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)新的國(guó)家。他孕育了自由之中，奉行一切人生來(lái)平等的原則?，F(xiàn)在，我們正從事于一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者說(shuō)，以考驗(yàn)任何孕育于自由并奉行上述原則的國(guó)家能否長(zhǎng)久生存。我們聚集在這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上。我們?cè)诖思瘯?huì)，是為了把這戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給那些為這個(gè)國(guó)家的生存而獻(xiàn)身的烈士，作為他們的最后安息之所。我們這樣做，是理所當(dāng)然、恰如其分的。

But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate -- we cannot consecrate -- we cannot hallow(6) -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us- that from these honoured dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under Cod, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of tile people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth(7).

但是，從更為廣泛的意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，我們無(wú)法奉獻(xiàn)、無(wú)法圣化、無(wú)法神化這塊土地。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過(guò)的勇敢的生者與死者已經(jīng)將這塊土地圣化，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。全世界不會(huì)注意，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久記住我們今天在這里所講的話(huà)。但是，全世界永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記這些勇士在這里做過(guò)的事。對(duì)我們這些活著的人來(lái)說(shuō)，倒是應(yīng)該把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們以崇高的精神向前推進(jìn)而尚未完成的事業(yè)，應(yīng)該把自己奉獻(xiàn)于依然擺在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)--我們要從這些可敬的死者身上汲取更多的獻(xiàn)身精神，來(lái)完成他們?yōu)橹I(xiàn)出全部忠誠(chéng)的事業(yè);我們要在這里下定最大的決心，不讓烈士們的鮮血白流;要在上帝的保佑下，使我們的國(guó)家獲得自由的新生;要使我們這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。

英文注釋?zhuān)?/p>

(1) Gettysburg： 葛提斯堡。美國(guó)賓夕法尼亞州南部邊境的小鎮(zhèn)。美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)史上南、北軍之間規(guī)模量大的關(guān)鍵一仗在此發(fā)生，雙方死傷各約二萬(wàn)五千人.林肯總統(tǒng)于1863年11月19日在葛提斯堡國(guó)家烈土公墓落成典禮上作了這一篇著名的演講.

(2)"All men are created equal"： "一切人生來(lái)平等"，是美國(guó)第三，四屆總統(tǒng)杰佛遜在美國(guó)"獨(dú)立宣言’中寫(xiě)下的名言。

(3) so conceived and so dedicated： 指第一句中的conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal。so是副詞，意為，這樣地，如上所述那樣地。

(4)are met： 集會(huì)。

(5)who here gave their lives that that nation might live： 為了這個(gè)國(guó)家的生存而獻(xiàn)身的……。定語(yǔ)從句，其中第一個(gè)that是連詞，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)that是指示代詞.修飾nation。

(6) we cannot..： 我們無(wú)法……。這里we cannot重復(fù)了三次，以加深印象井抒發(fā)強(qiáng)烈的情感。這種修飾法稱(chēng)為句首重復(fù)(Anaphora).常用于演說(shuō)和詩(shī)歌。

(7)--that from these honoured dead we take increased devotion...shall not perish from the earth： 破折號(hào)后面以分號(hào)隔開(kāi)的四個(gè)以that引導(dǎo)的從句是 the great task的同位語(yǔ)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。