1) 序數(shù)詞(Ordinal Numerals)是表示數(shù)目順序的,和最基礎(chǔ)的基數(shù)詞相對應的序數(shù)詞如下:
a. 除“第一”、“第二”、“第三”之外,其他序數(shù)詞都以在基數(shù)詞后加詞尾th構(gòu)成,其中有些詞(見上表中的黑體部分)在拼法上有少許變化,如:
fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth等
b. 兩位數(shù)的詞,只需把個位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞:
第二十二 twenty-second 第三十一 thirty-first
第七十八 seventy-eighth 第九十三 ninety-third
c. 三位以上的詞,只把最后的兩位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞:
第一百五十 one hundred and fiftieth
第九百九十九 nine hundred and ninety-ninth
此外,first, second等詞??s寫為1st, 2nd, 3rd, 20th, 21st等。
1) 序數(shù)詞在句中可用作:
a. 定語(多和the或物主代詞一道用):
We live on the fifth floor. 我們住五樓。
Is this your first visit to Beijing? 這是你第一次訪問北京嗎?
Tom is their second son. 湯姆是他們的二兒子。
We gave a party to celebrate her twentieth birthday. 我們舉行晚會來慶祝她二十歲的生日。
There was a ceremony to mark the hundredth anniversary of his birth. 為紀念他誕生一百周年舉行了一個儀式。
b. 表語:
They were the first to taste hardships. 他們吃苦在前。
You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二個犯這種錯誤的人。
Who was the third? 誰是第三名?
c. 主語:
First went to the American team. 美國隊獲得第一名。
The first (one) was no good, the second was even worse. 第一個不行,第二個更糟。
The third of the month was a holiday. 這月三號是個休假日。
d. 賓語或介詞賓語:
I was among the first to learn of this. 我是第一批知道這件事的人。
She is arriving on the second of June. 她將于六月二日到達。
She got a third in biology. 她生物學得了一個丙級分(不及格分)。
2) 序數(shù)詞的一些其他用法:
a. 序數(shù)詞還可和a連用,表示“再一個”、“又一次”等:
She could not go through that a second time. 她不能再次經(jīng)受那種事。
He's getting married a third time. 他將第三次結(jié)婚。
A second swan flew down. Then a third and a fourth. 又一只天鵝飛了下來,接著是第三只,第四只。
b. 表示日期:
May 1st 五月一日 March 8th 三月八日 April 22nd 四月二十二日
c. 用在許多短語中:
I thought that performance thind-rate. 我認為那場演出是三流的。
We got four first-places in the sports meet. 運動會我們得了四個第一名。
He went second-class on the train to New York. 他坐二等車去紐約。
I bought a second-hand car. 我買了一輛二手車(舊車)。
3) 用基數(shù)詞表示順序的辦法:
在很多情況下我們可以用基數(shù)詞表示順序:
the first part → part one 第一部分
the fifth chapter → chapter five 第五章
the twenty-third section → section twenty-three 第二十三節(jié)
the three hundred and fifty-ninth brigade → brigade 359 三五九旅
編號的東西,常避免用序數(shù)詞,讀法也簡單化:
第705號房間 Room 705 /?ru?m?sevn ???fa?v/
第254頁 Page 254 /?tu??fa?v?f??/
第二汽車廠 The No. 2 Auto Plant (No.讀作/?n?mb?/)
九號車廂 Carriage No. 9
三號及四號臥鋪 Berths 3 and 4
第103路公共汽車 Bus No. 103
海灣道7895號 7895 Bay Road
4) 下面數(shù)字的讀法:
a. 電話號碼的讀法:
279——1304 /?tu??sevn?na?n?w?n?θri???? f??/
3321——0073 /?d?bl?θri??tu??w?n,?d?bl?z??r???sevn?θri?/
007號分機 Extension 007 /???????sevn/
b. 年份讀法:
2000 the year two thousand
2004 two thousand and four
1949 nineteen forty-nine
1803 eighteen oh three
1600 sixteen hundred
450 B.C. four fifty B.C.(公元前)
128 A.D. one twenty-eight A.D.(公元后)
c. 日期讀法:
July 22nd July (the) twenty-second或the twenty-second of July
Oct(ober)1st October (the) first或the first of October
d. 時刻讀法:
08:00 eight o'clock或eight
09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past nine (美:after nine)
02:30 two thirty或 half past two (美:after two)
05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six (美:of six)
07:00 (oh) seven hundred hours=7.00 a.m./?sevn?e??em/
12:00 twelve hundred hours=midday/noon
14:15 fourteen fifteen=2.15 p.m. /?tu??f?f?ti?n?pi??em/
23:05 twenty-three oh five=11.5 p.m./I?levn?fa?v?pi??em/
24:00 twenty-four hundred hours = midnight