英國(guó)學(xué)生科學(xué)讀本 Lesson 47 人類的朋友(2)

The dog has bright and knowing eyes, but he cannot see at night so well as the cat can. The pupil, or little black space in the middle of each eye, is never so large as that of the cat. Pussy chases the mice by night, but the dog hunts only in the day-time.

狗長(zhǎng)著明亮的、善解人意的眼睛, 但晚上看東西不像貓看得那么清楚。狗的瞳孔, 也就是每只眼睛中間的小黑點(diǎn)兒, 始終不會(huì)像貓一樣大。小貓咪可以在晚上追老鼠, 但是狗只在白天才狩獵。

There is another difference between the dog's eye and the cat's. Do you remember reading in the previous Lesson that in a bright light the pupil of the cat's eye closes until it is only a narrow slit? The pupil of the dog's eye is not like this. It is always round, however bright the light may be.

狗和貓的眼睛還有一處不同。你還記得嗎? 在前面的課文中貓眼睛的瞳孔, 在強(qiáng)光下, 會(huì)瞇得只剩一條縫。狗眼睛的瞳孔卻不會(huì)這樣, 不管光線怎么強(qiáng)烈, 瞳孔一直是圓的。

Notice the dog's teeth. How white and strong they are! All his teeth are sharp and pointed. He has seventeen teeth in the upper jaw, and nineteen in the lower jaw.

注意狗的牙。這些牙齒好白好硬啊!狗的牙齒全都是很尖很鋒利的, 上腭有17顆牙齒, 下腭有19顆。

The dog has two long teeth in each jaw for seizing his prey. The other teeth are for tearing the flesh and crushing the bones on which he feeds. The dog lives chiefly on flesh, and he has no flat teeth for grinding his food, like those of grass-eating animals.

狗的上下腭各有兩顆長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的牙齒, 用來(lái)咬住獵物。另外的牙齒用來(lái)把肉撕裂, 把骨頭碾碎, 狗就吃這些肉和骨頭為生。狗的食物主要是肉, 沒(méi)有用來(lái)磨碎食物的扁平牙齒, 這一點(diǎn)跟食草動(dòng)物不一樣。

Grass-eating animals like the cow can move their jaws sideways as well as up and down, in order to grind their food well; but flesh-eating animals like the dog can only move their jaws up and down.

牛一類的食草動(dòng)物, 上下腭除了上下活動(dòng), 還可以橫向活動(dòng), 這樣可以把食物磨得很碎;但是, 食肉動(dòng)物的上下腭, 只能上下活動(dòng)。

The tongue of the dog is long and smooth. It is very different from the rough tongue of the cat. When a dog is very hot, he always lets his tongue hang out of his mouth, for it is by his tongue that he sweats or perspires.

狗的舌頭又長(zhǎng)又光滑, 跟貓的粗糙的舌頭很不一樣。狗在非常熱的時(shí)候, 總是把舌頭伸到嘴外面, 因?yàn)楣肥怯蒙囝^出汗或者排汗的。

 

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