高中語法專練：v. 分詞作狀語

v. 分詞作狀語

1. 分詞作時間狀語相當于when引導的時間狀語從句；on doing sth. = as soon as。

Hearing the news , they immediately set off for Shanghai.

一聽到這個消息，他們馬上動身去上海了。

When (he was) asked , he kept silent.

當被問到時，他沉默不語。

Seen from the hill top , our school looks more beautiful.

從山頂望去，我們的學校更美了。

When leaving the airport , they waved again and again.

當離開飛機場時，他們再三揮手。

On entering the room , she found the man lying on the floor, dead.

一進房間，她就發(fā)現(xiàn)那男子躺在地板上死了。

On arriving in the city , he went to the hotel.

一到市內(nèi)他就去了賓館。

2. 分詞作原因狀語相當于as, since, because引導的原因狀語從句。

Being ill , he didn't come to school today.

由于生病，他今天沒能來上學。

(As he was) Not accepted by her parents , he felt discouraged.

由于沒有被她的父母接受，他很泄氣。

There being nothing to do , she went home.

由于無事可做，她回家了。

Not having received her letter , I decided to write her again.

因為沒有收到她的來信，我決定再向她寫一封信。

Born into a poor family , he couldn't go to university.

由于生在一個貧窮家庭，他沒有能上大學。

3. 分詞作方式或伴隨狀語不能用狀語從句替換，但是可以改寫成并列句。

He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself . (=　and sang softly to himself).

他輕柔地唱著向山下走。

He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. (＝　and was followed by two guards).

他匆忙向大廳走去，后面跟著兩個衛(wèi)兵。

4. 分詞作條件狀語相當于if, unless等引導的從句。常見的引導條件狀語的分詞有g(shù)iven, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。

Turning to the right （=　If you turn ...）, you will find the way to the railway station.

向右拐，你就會找到去火車站的路。

Given another chance (=If I am ...） , I'll do it much better.

若再給一次機會，我就能做得更好。

5. 分詞作結(jié)果狀語相當于so that引導的結(jié)果狀語從句。分詞前常有副詞thus, thereby, only等。

The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving his research unfinished .

那位老科學家突然去世，留下他的研究沒有完成。

He turned off the lamp, (thus) seeing nothing .

他關了燈，什么也看不到了。

She hurried to the station, only finding the train still there .

她匆忙趕到火車站，發(fā)現(xiàn)火車還在那里。

試比較：

She hurried to the station, only to find the train had left .

她匆忙趕到火車站，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)走了。

6. 分詞作讓步狀語相當于though或者even if等引導的讓步狀語從句。

Wounded (=　Though he was wounded), the brave soldier continued to fight.

盡管受傷，那位勇敢的士兵仍然繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。

Admitting her excuse　(=　Even if I admit her excuse), I still think that she hasn't tried her best.

盡管接受了她的借口，我仍然認為她并沒有盡力。

7. 現(xiàn)在分詞常跟在go, come以及sit, stand等動詞后作狀語表示伴隨或目的。

They often go shopping at weekends.

他們經(jīng)常周末去購物。

He came running to help the people in trouble.

他跑著來幫助那些處于困境中的人們。

We sat telling stories to the children.

我們坐著給孩子們講故事。

專項練習

1. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports star.

A. had

B. having

C. to have

D. have

2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _______ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

A. taking

B. taken

C. having taken

D. having been taken

3. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _______ TV.

A. to watch

B. to watching

C. watching

D. watch

4. Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked

B. lacking of

C. lacking

D. lacked in

5. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

6. He sent an e-mail, _______ to get further information.

A. hoped

B. hoping

C. to hope

D. hope

7. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded

B. It was founded

C. Founded

D. Founding

8. _______ his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Western leaders.

A. Lead

B. Leading

C. Have led

D. Having led

9. _______ his mother, the little boy stopped crying.

A. Seeing

B. Saw

C. Seen

D. See

答案速查　1-5　CACCD　6—9　BCDA