高中語法專練：ii. may, might
ii. may, might
1. may的基本用法：
1）表示許可，可用于正式場合。
You may take the book home.
你可以把書本帶回家。
Candidates may not bring reference books into the examination room.
考生不許把參考書帶進考場。
2）May I/we ...? 用來表示請求。
—May I smoke here？
—No, you mustn't .
——我可以在這里抽煙嗎？
——不，你不可以。
3）表示推測，可能發(fā)生某事，意為“也許，可能，大概”；may not表示 “可能不”， can't則表示“不可能”。
The teacher may not be serious.
老師可能不會是認真的。
A situation like this may occur from time to time.
像這樣的情況也許會再三發(fā)生。
2. might的基本用法：
1）Might I ...? 表示更加禮貌的請求。
Might I call you by your first name?
我可以稱呼你的名字嗎？
2）表示把握不大的可能性。
I thought you might like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
我以為你或許想讀點兒東西，因此我給你帶來了幾本書。
3. 在實際運用中需注意的問題：
1）may可以表示祝愿，意為“但愿，愿”，這時須將may放在句首用倒裝語序。
May there never be another world war!
但愿永遠不會再有世界大戰(zhàn)。
May our friendship last forever!
祝我們的友誼萬古長青！
2）may/might常用于表示目的/讓步的狀語從句中。
However much they may desire to come, they cannot be allowed to.
無論多么渴望來，他們都不會被允許。
Try as he may , he will not pass the examination.
盡管嘗試，他也不會通過考試。
3）may/might as well do sth.表示強烈的意愿，意為“還是……的好，最好，不妨”。
Since she is angry, we might as well leave her alone.
既然她生氣了，我們最好別理她。
4）may/might well do sth.意為“很可能，確實有可能”。
Friendship is a vase, which, if it is cracked by accident, may well be broken at once.
友誼就是一個花瓶，如果偶然碰破，很有可能立刻破裂。
5）may have done表示對過去把握不大的肯定推測，意為“或許”。
That was a bad place to skate, you may have broken your leg.
那個地方滑冰很糟糕，你也許會摔斷腿的。
Our friends' plane landed but they weren't on it. They may have missed it.
我朋友的飛機著陸了，但是他們不在機上。他們或許錯過了這趟飛機。
6）might have done表示對過去把握不大的推測，或者責備。
You were stupid to try climbing up there. You might have killed yourself.
你很傻試圖爬上那里的山，你或許會摔死你自己的。
7）might have done用于虛擬語氣。
If we had found him earlier, we might have saved his life.
如果我們早一點發(fā)現(xiàn)他，我們或許就救了他的命。
8）may (just) as well have done sth.意為“不妨；還不如……的好”，用來提建議。
Oh, you may (just) as well bring me a chocolate too.
哦，你還不如也給我?guī)硪粔K巧克力呢。
專項練習
1. _______ prosperous and strong!
A. Let your country become
B. Hope your country become
C. May your country become
D. You country it becoming
2. Peter _______ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. will
3. —Ann, _______ I have some more cake?
—Certainly, help yourself.
A. need
B. must
C. will
D. may
4. —Excuse me, _______ I ask you a question?
—Yes, please.
A. must
B. need
C. may
D. would
5. Since she is angry, we _______ her alone.
A. had better leaving
B. should leave
C. might as well leave
D. had rather leave
答案速查 1-5 CBDCC
