英語早間課堂:Somebody does as if somebody was.

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Last time we learned a sentence pattern which is : Somebody does as if somebody did. 我們說過了，這個(gè)是一個(gè)含有表語從句的復(fù)合句，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表語從句用一般過去時(shí)。主語和從句的時(shí)態(tài)體現(xiàn)了虛擬語氣在表語從句中的運(yùn)用，昨天我們學(xué)的是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的主觀認(rèn)為，并不是客觀事實(shí)，也就是說從句中所表述的事情與現(xiàn)實(shí)相反，謂語結(jié)構(gòu)如上所述。凡是由as if引導(dǎo)的表語從句幾乎是要使用虛擬語氣。(當(dāng)然有特例，今后會(huì)學(xué)到。)【習(xí)題答案】

1 她這樣對(duì)待她的女兒，好像這女兒不是她生的。

She treats her daughter like that as if she wasn't hers.

2 他表現(xiàn)得好像他是這個(gè)地方的主人。

He behaves as if he owned the house.

3 她談起來仿佛她知道他在那兒似的。

She talks as if she knew where he was.

【今日主題】

Let's look at the answer to the first exercise: She treats her daughter like that as if she wasn't hers. 這句話中as if引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語是was。So , we can have another sentence pattern: Somebody does as if somebody was..。今天的重點(diǎn)就是在這個(gè)從句中的謂語was上面。昨天我們的從句中是did，它是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如果是系動(dòng)詞，我要懂得靈活地把系動(dòng)詞變?yōu)橐话氵^去式。Let's look at another example sentence：She said nothing but sat there as if she were in a trance [trɑ:ns] (n.恍惚;出神) 她話也不說, 坐在那里好像在發(fā)呆?！?she是第三人稱單數(shù)，為什么這里用were, 例句中的不是was嗎?】That's a good question. 在虛擬條件句中，我們說過了，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語可以用were，也可以用was. Have you got it?

The above complex sentence is from two simple sentences. They are : She said nothing but sat there. It is as if she were in a trance. 所以如果是從這個(gè)角度來說的話，as if 引導(dǎo)的就是表語從句。所以現(xiàn)在語法專家持有異議。

Let's look at more example sentences. I remember it vividly as if it were tonight (In fact, it doesn't happen tonight. ). 我清楚地記得這事兒。這事兒就好像發(fā)生在今晚。She stares at me as if she were angry with me about it . ( In fact she was not angry. ) 她盯著我，好像生氣了。Now let change the above two sentences into two simple sentences. The first one is : I remember it vividly. It is as if it were tonight. The second one is : She stares at me. It is as if she were angry with me about it.