61 句子副詞 Track53
這樣的副詞通常放在句首,用來修飾整個句子,而非句子中的謂語動詞。通常表達說話人的觀點或說話的角度。
(1)表明說話的角度
比如如果有人說這樣一句話:A thousand years is a short time.(一千年是一段很短的時間。)我們一定會覺得不太符合正常思維邏輯。但是,我們只要在句首加上一個句子副詞,來說明我們是從什么角度說這句話的,就能增加這句話的合理性。
a. Geologically, a thousand years is a short time.
從地質(zhì)學(xué)角度來講,一千年是一段很短的時間。
這里的geologically就是句子副詞,來修飾后邊整個句子。
我們通常用有關(guān)學(xué)科的副詞來表達說話者的角度。如:economically(從經(jīng)濟學(xué)角度來講),objectively(客觀地說),philosophically(從哲學(xué)角度來講),Scientifically(從科學(xué)角度來講),nutritionally(從營養(yǎng)學(xué)角度來說)。
類似的表達:
b. Scientifically, the experiment was a success.
從科學(xué)角度來說,這個實驗成功了。
c. Geologically, five years may not be much, but in Internet time, it constitutes an entire history.
從地質(zhì)學(xué)角度來講,五年時間也許并不長,但是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代,五年足以形成一整段歷史。
d. Nutritionally, fats and oils are an important source of energy.
從營養(yǎng)學(xué)角度來說,動物脂肪和植物油是重要的能量來源。
(2)表達說話人的態(tài)度
actually apparently certainly clearly evidently
obviously presumably probably undoubtedly definitely
primarily chiefly basically mainly principally
fundamentally normally hopefully
a. Frankly, I think he is dishonest.
老實說,我覺得他這人不夠誠實。
b. Hopefully, we can get there in time. 希望我們能及時趕到那里。
c. Obviously you are wrong. 顯然你錯了。
d. Basically I am an optimistic person. 我基本上是一個樂觀的人。
句子副詞大多數(shù)情況下放在句首,不過放在句中也不少見。但很少放在句末。例如:
e. I am basically an optimistic person. 我基本上是個樂觀的人。
f. Although Terry sometimes works as a plumber, he is chiefly/mainly an engineer.
盡管特里有時做些管道工的活,但他主要還是個工程師。
g. I don't normally come to work on weekends.
正常的情況下,我周末不上班。
(3)位置不一樣可能會導(dǎo)致意思變化
a. They answered the questions foolishly. 他們的回答很愚蠢。(Their answers were foolish.)
b. Foolishly, they answered the questions.
真是愚蠢,他們竟然回答了問題。(They were foolish to answer the questions.)