51 現(xiàn)在完成進行時用法(一):表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且仍然在持續(xù)的動作 Track 051
(1)與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用
強調(diào)動作的持續(xù),表示開始于過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且動作還沒有結(jié)束,還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。此時的完成進行時常與“for +時間段”“since+時間點”或all morning,all day,all week這樣的表示“一段時間”的時間狀語連用,以強調(diào)在這段時間,某項活動正在持續(xù)。
注:圖中黑點表示現(xiàn)在和過去兩個時刻;粗箭頭表示動作在一直持續(xù);細箭頭表示該動作還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。
例句
a. It began raining two hours ago and it’s still raining.
It has been raining for the past two hours.
b. It began raining at 8 o’clock. Now it’s still raining.
It has been raining since 8 o’clock.
c. It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop.
d. Clint is chatting on QQ now. He has been chatting on QQ for five straight hours. He must be tired.
e. These pop fans have been waiting for the famous singer for nearly three hours in the cold, but he still hasn’t shown up.
(2)可以不與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用
上述例句均含有表示“一段時間”的時間狀語,表示到說話時刻動作仍在持續(xù)。現(xiàn)在完成進行時還可以不帶具體的表示一段時間的時間狀語,此時它表示最近一段時期內(nèi)正在持續(xù)的活動。
例句
a. I have been thinking about changing my job.
我最近一直在考慮換工作。
b. I have been thinking about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.
我一直在思考你說的話,并已決定聽從你的建議。
c. All the students have been studying hard, for final exams will start next week.
學(xué)生們都在用功學(xué)習(xí),因為下星期就要期末考試了。