68　名詞從句虛擬語氣句　Track66

 

虛擬語氣除了在上述非真實(shí)條件從句中應(yīng)用以外，在特定的名詞從句中也會用到。這里所說的“特定的名詞從句”是指這樣的名詞從句中均要含有特定的標(biāo)志詞，這些標(biāo)志詞可以用來表示愿望、建議、命令、請求和意志等語氣。而且，與非真實(shí)條件虛擬語氣句中主句和從句謂語動詞形式完全不同的是，名詞從句虛擬語氣句謂語變化形式只有一條規(guī)律，那就是名詞從句虛擬語氣句無論主句的謂語動詞是何種形式，從句謂語形式均為should + 動詞原形，should可以省去。這里特別提醒讀者注意的是不是用would, 而是用should。
先看下例：
I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建議我們明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day. 我當(dāng)時建議我們第二天走。
上例中的suggest 即是我們所說的標(biāo)志詞，這里我們看到從句中的謂語時態(tài)（should go）并沒有受主句謂語時態(tài)（suggest, suggested）的影響。
由此可知，要掌握名詞從句的虛擬語氣句，記住相應(yīng)的標(biāo)志詞即可，一旦主句中出現(xiàn)某一個標(biāo)志詞，我們就注意其從句謂語必須用（should +） do的形式。
下面為大家列出一些常見的標(biāo)志詞：
（1）在下列詞的賓語從句中，從句謂語必須用(should +) do的形式
ask（要求，請求）　advise　beg　command
demand　decide　deserve　desire
determine　move（動議，提議）　order　prefer
propose　require　recommend　request
suggest　urge　insist
a.His father urged that he study medicine.（不用studies）
b.The Chinese Government and people have demanded that the U.S. Government shoulder all the responsibilities for the incident, apologize to the Chinese side and take effective measures to prevent the recurrence of such incidents.
中國政府和人民要求美國政府對此事件必須承擔(dān)全部責(zé)任，向中國道歉并采取有效措施防止類似事件再次發(fā)生。
c.The instructions ask that we_________more than three tablets once.
A. not to take
B. not take
C. won't take
D. wouldn't take
正確答案：B。
（2） It is +形容詞 / 過去分詞 / 特定的名詞+ that...主語從句中用(should +) do。
1）接這種結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形容詞有：
astonishing　amazing　advisable　appropriate　crucial
desirable　essential　important　imperative　keen
necessary　natural　normal　odd　proper
preferable　strange　sorry　shocked　surprising
urgent　unusual　vital
這些形容詞一般表示個人對事件的反應(yīng)或態(tài)度。
a.It is natural that I should dwell upon his successes rather than upon his failures.
我寧愿強(qiáng)調(diào)他成功的地方，而不愿突出他的失敗之處，這是自然的。
b.It is strange that he should not come here.（這里should只表明一種意外的語氣，可譯為“竟然" ）
c.It's essential that people be psychologically able to resist the impact brought about by the transition from planned economy to market economy.
d.It is important that the hotel receptionist_________that guests are registered correctly.
A. make sure
B. made sure
C. has made sure
D. must make sure
正確答案：A。
e.It is quite natural that the customs of all national minorities _____.
A. would be respected
B. were respected
C. be respected
D. had been respected
正確答案：C。
2）接這種結(jié)構(gòu)常見的過去分詞有：
decided　desired　demanded　ordered
requested　required　suggested　recommended
a.It is requested that all members be present at the meeting.
b.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______after 11 o’clock at night.
A. were not played
B. not be played
C. not to play
D. did not play
正確答案：B。
3）接這種結(jié)構(gòu)的常見特定名詞有：
advice　decision　desire　demand
suggestion　motion　pray　resolution
idea　proposal　order
wish preference　recommendation　requirement　
It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.
（3）在上述名詞的表語從句和同位語從句中
a.For my own part, it seems that the main requirement of an intern-ational language is that it be easily learned.
b.The motion that the meeting be adjourned was adopted.
c.Reports indicate that both sides have softened their respective positions for a possible settlement. The government has backed away from demands that the software giant be broken up , while Microsoft is now more willing to accept restrictions on how it manages its business.
d.The suggestion that the mayor_________the prizes was accepted by everyone.
A. would present
B. present
C. presents
D. ought to present
正確答案：B。
最后需要說明的是，以上所列的標(biāo)志詞僅是一部分常見的，還有很多在此未盡詳列，大家可以在今后的學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中不斷積累，自己總結(jié)。