虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn) 狀語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

考點(diǎn)4 狀語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

1. 狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為分詞短語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)從句主句和從句一致時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)換為分詞短語(yǔ)。

After he turned off the TV, he went out of the room.

→Having turned off the TV, he went out of the room. 他關(guān)閉電視機(jī)后走出了房間。

When the city is seen from the mountain, it looks much more beautiful.

→Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

從山上看，這座城市看起來(lái)更漂亮。

2. 狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

狀語(yǔ)從句主句和從句不一致，轉(zhuǎn)換為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

If weather permits, we’ll have the meeting in the open air.

→（With）Weather permitting, we’ll have the meeting in the open air.

如果天氣允許，我們將在室外召開這次會(huì)議。

3. 狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語(yǔ)

由after/before/since/as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，可改為after/before/since/on+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可使用動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

Before he dived into the lake, he made a deep breath.

→Before diving into the lake, he made a deep breath.

在跳入湖中之前，他深深地吸了一口氣。

可以用來(lái)代替狀語(yǔ)從句的常見(jiàn)介詞短語(yǔ)有：because of/at the age of/in spite of/as a result of等。

He is absent today because he is ill

→He is absent today because of illness. 他今天缺席是因?yàn)樯×恕?/p>

4. 狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)從句還可以根據(jù)情況轉(zhuǎn)換為不定式短語(yǔ)。

He is so strong that he can lift the heavy stone.

→He is strong enough to lift the heavy stone. 他很強(qiáng)壯，足以搬動(dòng)這塊重石。

He was so weak that he couldn’t go a step further.

→He was too weak to go a step further. 他太虛弱了，無(wú)法再挪動(dòng)一步。

He stood in the front of the classroom in order that he could see the picture clearly.

→He stood in the front of the classroom in order to（so as to/to）see the picture clearly.

他站在教室前面，以便能清楚地看到圖片。

注意

主語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)要保持一致性。下列5個(gè)句子都是錯(cuò)誤的，在書面表達(dá)中應(yīng)當(dāng)避免：

At the age of five, his father died.

To improve your English, reading is necessary.

Being a fine day, we went out for a play.

While waiting for the bus, my wallet missed.

Giving more time, I can do it better.

上述句子的正確表達(dá)應(yīng)當(dāng)是：

When he was at the age of five, his father died.

To improve your English, you should read a lot.

It being a fine day, we went out for a play.

While waiting for the bus, I lost my wallet.

Given more time, I can do it better.

個(gè)別短語(yǔ)如generally speaking（一般來(lái)說(shuō)）、strictly speaking（嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)）、judging from...（依據(jù)……判斷）、to tell you the truth（說(shuō)實(shí)話），作為插入語(yǔ)使用，不受主語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)一致的限制。

To tell you the truth, your conclusion sounds strange.

告訴你實(shí)話，你的結(jié)論聽(tīng)起來(lái)很奇怪。