聽身體的話，給自己放個(gè)假吧

08 聽身體的話，給自己放個(gè)假吧

休假不僅對(duì)大腦恢復(fù)注意力和積極性至關(guān)重要，而且對(duì)維持使我們具有人性的認(rèn)知過程不可或缺。忽視人體對(duì)休息的需求會(huì)帶來長期代價(jià)。

研究員杰西卡·迪布洛姆(Jessica de Bloom)的分析顯示，人們?cè)诙冗^7天假期后的那種精神抖擻的感覺會(huì)在恢復(fù)工作的1至4周內(nèi)消退。《科學(xué)美國人》(Scientific American)一篇文章總結(jié)道，短暫的假期“就像在潮濕悶熱的夏日沖一個(gè)冷水澡——提神，但只能帶來短暫的解脫”。

從小長假和法國人長達(dá)一個(gè)月的假期，到美國人不可思議的越來越短的假期，休假多久才足以在恢復(fù)元?dú)獾耐瑫r(shí)，激發(fā)人生道路的調(diào)整？迪布洛姆建議重新安排我們的假期，調(diào)整為更短、更頻繁的假期。但如果我們需要更長的假期來充足電，那該怎么辦？遺憾的是，目前缺少這方面的研究來啟迪我們。

一項(xiàng)對(duì)4組投資銀行家進(jìn)行的長達(dá)13年的研究表明，忽視人體對(duì)休息的需求會(huì)帶來長期代價(jià)。

The bankers followed by Alexandra Michel, a Wharton business school professor, pushed the limits of their young bodies with impunity in their first three years as associates.Around year four, they started to break down from overwork.Starting at year six, 40 per cent had breakdowns so severe they were forced to stop working.

沃頓商學(xué)院教授亞力山德拉·米歇爾(Alexandra Michel)跟蹤調(diào)查的這些銀行家，在剛進(jìn)投行、擔(dān)任副經(jīng)理的頭三年期間不要命地工作，把自己的年輕身體頻頻推到極限。到了第4年左右，他們開始因過勞而出現(xiàn)問題。從第6年開始，40%的人頂不住，他們的問題嚴(yán)重到被迫停止工作。

Eighty per cent strongly agreed with the statement: “I am trying harder to control my body but with less success than before.” Starting at year six, 40 per cent had breakdowns so severe they were forced to stop working.

80%的人強(qiáng)烈同意這個(gè)說法：“我更努力地嘗試控制我的身體，但是不像以前那么成功。”從第6年開始，40%的人頂不住，他們的問題嚴(yán)重到被迫停止工作。

Responses to the breakdowns fell into two camps.One group treated their bodies as “antagonists”, escalating efforts to exert control.They talked about “l(fā)etting your body know who is in charge” and submitted to extreme regimes such as lemon-juice only cleanses and boot-camp training.

這些銀行家對(duì)身體故障的反應(yīng)分為兩種。一組人把自己的身體當(dāng)成“對(duì)抗者”，需要加大努力勝過它。他們會(huì)說“讓你的身體知道誰才是主人”，并采取各種極端對(duì)策，如檸檬汁凈化療法和集訓(xùn)式訓(xùn)練。

A second group learnt to treat their bodies as “insightful advisers”, heeding even subtle signs such as low energy as cues: “I learnt to differentiate between being tired and drained.When I am drained, my body says that something isn't right and I stop and try to figure it out,” said one in this camp.

第二組人學(xué)著把自己的身體視為“有洞察力的顧問”，會(huì)留意到精神不振等細(xì)微跡象，將其視為線索：“我學(xué)會(huì)了區(qū)分疲勞和筋疲力盡。當(dāng)我筋疲力盡時(shí)，我的身體會(huì)提醒我有什么地方不對(duì)勁，我會(huì)停下來試著找到原因，”該組的一位銀行家表示。

隨著研究進(jìn)入第9至13年，米歇爾教授跟隨步入中年的參與者進(jìn)入了全新的職業(yè)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)，難以為繼的工作習(xí)慣不是跳槽或者改行就能克服的。

Many of them relapsed after moving into organisations that were supposedly less work intensive.Even among those who had learnt to treat their bodies as insightful advisers, a significant number experienced a second breakdown within the first year at their new jobs.

在進(jìn)入工作強(qiáng)度理應(yīng)較小的組織后，他們中的多數(shù)人舊病復(fù)發(fā)了。即使是那些已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)把身體視為有洞察力顧問的人，也有相當(dāng)一部分人在進(jìn)入新工作后的第一年內(nèi)經(jīng)歷第二次崩潰。

Not only had they chosen similarly demanding positions but, still weakened from their tenure at the banks, they also failed to take sufficient time in between roles to convalesce and gain psychological distance from their hard-driving selves.Needless to say, they also intensified the pace of work for everyone else, role-modelling behaviours they were then forced to sustain.

他們不僅選擇了類似的高要求職位，而且，在仍然因?yàn)殂y行的工作而身體虛弱的時(shí)候，未能在角色轉(zhuǎn)換期花足夠時(shí)間修整，并從心理上遠(yuǎn)離要強(qiáng)的自我。不用說，他們把別人的工作節(jié)奏也搞得緊張兮兮，而他們自己隨后被迫維持榜樣行為。

大量神經(jīng)學(xué)研究表明，休假不僅對(duì)大腦恢復(fù)注意力和積極性至關(guān)重要，而且對(duì)維持使我們具有人性的認(rèn)知過程不可或缺。許多人出于本能渴望的“思考時(shí)間”使我們得以鞏固記憶、整合我們所學(xué)的知識(shí)、規(guī)劃未來、恪守我們的道德指南針，并構(gòu)建自我意識(shí)。

長假和成年人“間隙年”受到追捧，是我們渴望喘息的一個(gè)跡象。不過，人們給這樣的假期塞滿了需要學(xué)習(xí)的外語和需要翻越的高山，瘋狂地試圖“充分利用”日益縮短的休閑時(shí)光，而他們?cè)诙虝旱男菁倨谇昂蟀才鸥嗳蝿?wù)，使實(shí)際假期更加短暫。

話雖如此，對(duì)于那些最需要休假的人來說，退出職場打拼很少是自愿的。在更多情況下，不再聽話的身體會(huì)迫使我們休息?；蛟S是時(shí)候讓我們的工作方式休息一下了。

詞匯總結(jié)

impunity [?m'pju?n?t?]

n.不受懲罰；無患；[法]免罰

The bankers followed by Alexandra Michel, a Wharton business school professor, pushed the limits of their young bodies with impunity in their first three years as associates.

沃頓商學(xué)院教授亞力山德拉·米歇爾(Alexandra Michel)跟蹤調(diào)查的這些銀行家，在剛進(jìn)投行、擔(dān)任副經(jīng)理的頭三年期間不要命地工作，把自己的年輕身體頻頻推到極限。

antagonist [?n't?g(?)n?st]

n.敵手

escalate ['esk?le?t]

vi.逐步增強(qiáng)；逐步升高

vt.使逐步上升

One group treated their bodies as “antagonists”, escalating efforts to exert control.

一組人把自己的身體當(dāng)成“對(duì)抗者”，需要加大努力勝過它。

heed [hi?d]

vi.注意，留心

n.注意到；留心到

vt.注意，留心

A second group learnt to treat their bodies as “insightful advisers”, heeding even subtle signs such as low energy as cues: “I learnt to differentiate between being tired and drained.

第二組人學(xué)著把自己的身體視為“有洞察力的顧問”，會(huì)留意到精神不振等細(xì)微跡象，將其視為線索：“我學(xué)會(huì)了區(qū)分疲勞和筋疲力盡。

relapse [r?'l?ps]

vi.故態(tài)復(fù)萌；舊病復(fù)發(fā)；再度墮落；再陷邪道

n.復(fù)發(fā)，再發(fā)；故態(tài)復(fù)萌；回復(fù)原狀

Many of them relapsed after moving into organisations that were supposedly less work intensive.

在進(jìn)入工作強(qiáng)度理應(yīng)較小的組織后，他們中的多數(shù)人舊病復(fù)發(fā)了。