用來表示請求、命令、勸告,主語通常省略,它的謂語動詞用動詞原形,朗讀時一般用降調。
祈使句的肯定結構
肯定結構:一般以動詞原形開頭,please 可放在句尾,前面要加逗號,也可以放在句首。
1.Do 型:動詞原形+賓語+其他成分
Have a seat, please.
Please have a seat. 請坐。
有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動詞可省略。
This way, please. 請這邊走。
2.Be 型:be +表語(名詞或形容詞)+其他成分
Be a good boy. 一定要做個好孩子。
3.Let 型:let +賓語+動詞原形+其他成分
Let me help you. 讓我來幫你吧!
祈使句的否定結構
否定結構:一般在謂語動詞前加do not 的縮略式don't 。
1.Do 型和Be 型的否定式都是在句首加don't 構成。
Don't be late for school! 上學不要遲到。
Don't forget me! 不要忘記我。
2.Let 型的否定式有兩種:don't +let +賓語+動詞原形+其他成分let +賓語+not +動詞原形+其他成分
Don't let him go.
Let him not go. 別讓他走。
3.no +動詞ing 形式,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking ! 禁止吸煙!
No fishing ! 禁止垂釣!
祈使句,無主語,隱藏的主語就是“你”(you),
祈使句,變否定,前加don't就可以。
一、選擇正確的詞填空,把正確答案的代號填在橫線上,每詞只用一次。
A.No B.Be C.Don't D.Stop E.Let's
1.Please wait for me. __________ walk so fast.
2.__________ smoking.
3.__________ talking, please.
4.__________ a good boy.
5.__________ go shopping.
二、把下列祈使句變成否定句。
1.Come here early.
2.Please wait for him.
3.Sit under the tree, please.
4.Let's go swimming.
5.Read the story loudly.
三、根據句子意思,選擇正確的圖片,將代號填入括號內。
1.Don't eat in class.( )
2.Open your book, please.( ?。?/p>
3.Don't listen to music in class.( ?。?/p>
4.Stop talking!( )
5.Don't run in the hallway.( )
一、1.C
2.A
3.D
4.B
5.E
二、1.Don't come here early.
2.Please don't wait for him.
3.Don't sit under the tree, please.
4.Let's not go swimming.
5.Don't read the story loudly.
三、1.A
2.E
3.D
4.C
5.B