演講MP3+雙語文稿:渴望關(guān)注，如何降低你的創(chuàng)造力

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【演講者】JosephGordon-Levitt

【演講主題】渴望關(guān)注，如何降低你的創(chuàng)造力

【中英文字幕】獲取完整版字幕

翻譯者psjmz mz 校對者 Chen

00:04

First of all, thank you for your attention.There's nothing quite like being in a room full of people like this, where allof you are giving your attention to me. It's a powerful feeling, to getattention. I'm an actor, so I'm a bit of an expert on, well, nothing, really.

首先，謝謝大家的關(guān)注。還沒什么比得上在這個(gè) 全是人的屋子里面，你們所有人都在關(guān)注著我。獲得關(guān)注是一種強(qiáng)大的感覺。我是個(gè)演員，所以我對什么都懂得不深，真的。

00:25

（Laughter）

00:26

But I do know what it feels like to getattention -- I've been lucky in my life to get a lot more than my fair share ofattention. And I'm grateful for that, because like I said, it's a powerfulfeeling. But there's another powerful feeling that I've also been lucky toexperience a lot as an actor. And it's funny, it's sort of the oppositefeeling, because it doesn't come from getting attention. It comes from payingattention.

但我倒是知道被關(guān)注是什么感覺——我這一生足夠幸運(yùn)得到比我應(yīng)得的更多的關(guān)注。并且我對此充滿感激，因?yàn)槿缥宜f，這是種強(qiáng)大的感覺。但還有另一種強(qiáng)大的感覺是我作為演員也足夠幸運(yùn) 能體驗(yàn)很多東西。這點(diǎn)很有趣，這是一種相反的感覺。因?yàn)樗皇莵碜垣@得關(guān)注。它來自予以關(guān)注。

00:53

When I'm acting, I get so focused that I'monly paying attention to one thing. Like when I'm on set and we're about toshoot and the first AD calls out "Rolling!" And then I hear"speed," "marker," "set," and then the directorcalls "Action!" I've heard that sequence so many times, like, it'sbecome this Pavlovian magic spell for me. "Rolling,""speed," "marker," "set" and "action."Something happens to me, I can't even help it. My attention ... narrows. Andeverything else in the world, anything else that might be bothering me or mightgrab my attention, it all goes away, and I'm just ... there. And that feeling,that is what I love, that, to me, is creativity. And that's the biggest reasonI'm so grateful that I get to be an actor.

當(dāng)我表演時(shí)，我專注到我只關(guān)注一件事情。就像在片場，我們要開始拍攝的時(shí)候，第一個(gè)詞叫做“開機(jī)！”然后我聽到“錄音常速”，“打板”，“就位”，再然后導(dǎo)演喊“開拍！”我已經(jīng)聽過這些好多次了，對我來說這已經(jīng)是習(xí)以為常的魔咒了。“開機(jī)”，“錄音常速”，“打板”， “就位”和“開拍”。發(fā)生在我身上的事情， 我甚至都無法控制。我的注意力……變窄了。世界上的其他事物，任何可能會打擾我或 吸引我注意力的東西，全消失了，我只是……在那里。那種感覺，是我所愛的，那，對我而言，就是創(chuàng)造力。這是我非常感激成為演員的最大理由。

01:50

So, there's these two powerful feelings.There's getting attention and paying attention. Of course, in the last decadeor so, new technology has allowed more and more people to have this powerfulfeeling of getting attention. For any kind of creative expression, not justacting. It could be writing or photography or drawing, music -- everything. Thechannels of distribution have been democratized, and that's a good thing.

所以，有兩種強(qiáng)大的感覺。那就是獲得關(guān)注和給予關(guān)注。當(dāng)然，在過去10多年左右，新技術(shù)已經(jīng)讓越來越多的人能夠擁有獲得關(guān)注的強(qiáng)大感覺。任何類型的創(chuàng)作表達(dá)，不僅限于表演?？梢允菍懽?、攝影、繪畫、音樂等等。分發(fā)渠道已經(jīng)民主化了，這真是好事情。

02:19

But I do think there's an unintendedconsequence for anybody on the planet with an urge to be creative -- myselfincluded, because I'm not immune to this. I think that our creativity isbecoming more and more of a means to an end -- and that end is to getattention. And so I feel compelled to speak up because in my experience, themore I go after that powerful feeling of paying attention, the happier I am.But the more I go after the powerful feeling of getting attention, theunhappier I am.

但我確實(shí)認(rèn)為，對這個(gè)星球上任何一個(gè)渴望創(chuàng)新的人來說， 都產(chǎn)生了意想不到的后果——包括我在內(nèi)，因?yàn)槲乙膊荒苊庖摺Ｎ艺J(rèn)為我們的創(chuàng)造力日漸成為達(dá)到目的的手段——這個(gè)目的是獲得關(guān)注。我覺得有必要說出來，因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我追求給予關(guān)注的強(qiáng)烈感覺越多，我就越開心。但我追求獲得關(guān)注的感覺越強(qiáng)，我就越不開心。

03:00

（One person claps）

03:01

And -- thanks.

并且——謝謝。

03:03

（Laughter）

03:05

（Applause）

03:10

So this is something that goes way back forme. I think the first time I can remember using my acting to get attention, Iwas eight years old at summer camp. And I'd been going on auditions for about ayear by then, and I'd been lucky to get some small parts in TV shows andcommercials, and I bragged about it a lot, that summer at camp. And at first,it worked. The other kids gave me a bunch of extra attention, because I hadbeen on "Family Ties." That's a picture of me on "FamilyTies."

這對我來說是很久以前的事情了。我記得我第一次用表演來博取注意，是 8 歲時(shí)在夏令營的時(shí)候。那時(shí)我已經(jīng)試鏡一年了，我很幸運(yùn)地得到了一些電視節(jié)目和廣告中的小角色，在夏令營的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常吹噓這一點(diǎn)。起初，這很湊效。其他孩子給了我很多額外的關(guān)注，因?yàn)槲疑线^《親情紐帶》。那是我在《親情紐帶》的照片。

03:42

（Laughter）

03:43

Then, the tide turned -- I think I took ittoo far with the bragging. And then, the other kids started to make fun of me.I remember there was this one girl I had a crush on, Rocky. Her name wasRachel, she went by Rocky. And she was beautiful, and she could sing, and I wassmitten with her, and I was standing there, bragging. And she turned to me andshe called me a show-off. Which I 100 percent deserved. But you know, it stillreally hurt. And ever since that summer, I've had a certain hesitance to seekattention for my acting.

然后，風(fēng)向變了——我想可能是我吹牛太過了。然后，其他孩子開始取笑我。我記得我迷戀過一個(gè)女孩，洛基。她名字叫瑞秋，外號洛基。她很漂亮，她會唱歌，我被她迷住了，我站在那里吹牛。她轉(zhuǎn)向我，說我是個(gè)愛炫耀的人。她說的百分百沒錯(cuò)。但你懂的，真是很傷。從那個(gè)夏天開始，我在為自己的表演尋求關(guān)注時(shí) 會有所猶豫。

04:21

Sometimes, people would ask me, "Waita minute, if you don't like the attention, then why are you an actor?" AndI'd be like, "Because that's not what acting's about, man, it's about theart." And they'd be like, "OK, OK, dude."

有時(shí)候，人們會問我，“等會，如果你不想被注意，那么為什么你要做演員？”我會這樣說，“因?yàn)檠輵虿皇菫榱诉@個(gè)， 伙計(jì)，這是藝術(shù)。他們會說：“好吧，好吧，老兄”

04:33

（Laughter）

04:35

And then Twitter came out. And I gottotally hooked on it, just like everybody else, which made me into a completehypocrite. Because at that point, I was absolutely using my acting to getattention. I mean, what, did I think I was just getting all these followersbecause of my brilliant tweets? I actually did think that -- I was like –

然后推特出來了。就像其他人一樣，我完全迷上了，這讓我變成了個(gè)徹頭徹底的偽君子。因?yàn)槟且豢?，我絕對是在用我的表演博取關(guān)注。我的意思是，什么，我以為是因?yàn)槲揖实耐莆牟诺玫竭@么多粉絲？我確實(shí)這么想過——我有些——

04:53

（Laughter）

04:54

"They don't just like me because theysaw me in 'Batman,' they like what I have to say, I've got a way with words."

“他們不只是因?yàn)樵凇厄饌b》 中看到我才喜歡我，他們喜歡我說的話， 我的文字很有一套。”

05:00

（Laughter）

05:02

And then in no time at all, it startedhaving an impact on my dearly beloved creative process. It still does. I trynot to let it. But you know, I'd be sitting there, like, reading a script. Andinstead of thinking, "How can I personally identify with thischaracter?" Or "How is the audience going to relate to thisstory?" I'm like, "What are people going to say about this movie onTwitter?" And "What will I say back that will be good and snarkyenough to get a lot of retweets, but not too harsh, because people love to getoffended, and I don't want to get canceled?" These are the thoughts thatenter my mind when I'm supposed to be reading a script, trying to be an artist.

然后很快，它開始影響我心愛的創(chuàng)作旅程。它仍然是。我試著不讓它發(fā)生。但是，我坐在那里，比如閱讀腳本時(shí)?？刹皇沁@樣想，“我個(gè)人如何認(rèn)同這個(gè)角色？”或者“觀眾將如何看待這個(gè)故事？”而是有點(diǎn)像這樣，“人們在推特上 會怎么評價(jià)這部電影？”以及“我怎么回復(fù)才能讓這些話足夠好，足夠尖銳， 能得到很多轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，但又不會太刻薄，因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g被冒犯， 并且我可不想被取消關(guān)注？”當(dāng)我本該閱讀腳本， 努力做一個(gè)演員時(shí)，全是這些思想涌入我的頭腦。

05:40

And I'm not here to tell you thattechnology is the enemy of creativity. I don't think that. I think tech is justa tool. It has the potential to foster unprecedented human creativity. Like, Ieven started an online community called HITRECORD, where people all over theworld collaborate on all kinds of creative projects, so I don't think thatsocial media or smartphones or any technology is problematic in and of itself.But ... if we're going to talk about the perils of creativity becoming a meansto get attention, then we have to talk about the attention-driven businessmodel of today's big social media companies, right?

我在這里并非告訴你們，技術(shù)是創(chuàng)造力的敵人。我不這樣認(rèn)為。我認(rèn)為技術(shù)只是個(gè)工具。它有潛力培育人類 前所未有的創(chuàng)造力。像是，我甚至建立了一個(gè)叫做 HITRECORD 的在線社區(qū)，那里有來自全球各地的人參與各類創(chuàng)意項(xiàng)目的協(xié)作，因此我不認(rèn)為社交媒體 或智能手機(jī)或任何技術(shù)本身就是有問題的。但是……如果我們要討論創(chuàng)造力成為吸引注意力的手段的危險(xiǎn)，那么我們就得談?wù)劷裉?最大的社交媒體公司注意力驅(qū)動的商業(yè)模型，是吧？

06:20

（Applause）

06:23

This will be familiar territory for some ofyou, but it's a really relevant question here: How does a social media platformlike, for example, Instagram, make money? It's not selling a photo-sharingservice -- that part's free. So what is it selling? It's selling attention.It's selling the attention of its users to advertisers. And there's a lot ofdiscussion right now about how much attention we're all giving to things likeInstagram, but my question is: How is Instagram getting so much attention?

這是你們一些人的熟悉領(lǐng)域，但這確實(shí)是一個(gè)相關(guān)的問題：一個(gè)社交媒體平臺比如，Instagram，如何賺錢？它不是在售賣照片分享服務(wù)——這部分是免費(fèi)的。那么它在賣什么？它在賣注意力。它把自己用戶的注意力賣給廣告主。今天有很多關(guān)于我們給予了Instagram 這樣的東西很多注意力的討論，但我的問題是：Instagram 是如何獲得 如此多的注意力的？

06:52

We get it for them. Anytime somebody postson Instagram, they get a certain amount of attention from their followers,whether they have a few followers or a few million followers. And the moreattention you're able to get, the more attention Instagram is able to sell. Soit's in Instagram's interest for you to get as much attention as possible. Andso it trains you to want that attention, to crave it, to feel stressed out whenyou're not getting enough of it. Instagram gets its users addicted to thepowerful feeling of getting attention. And I know we all joke, like, "Ohmy God, I'm so addicted to my phone," but this is a real addiction.There's a whole science to it. If you're curious, I recommend the work of JaronLanier, Tristan Harris, Nir Eyal.

我們給以它們的。每次人們在 Instagram 上發(fā)照片時(shí)，他們從關(guān)注者中獲得 一定數(shù)量的注意力，不管他們有幾個(gè)粉絲還是幾百萬粉絲。你能博取越多的注意力，Instagram 就能賣出去更多的注意力。所以對 Instagram 有利的事情是讓你盡可能獲得多的關(guān)注。所以它訓(xùn)練你想要獲得那種關(guān)注，渴望關(guān)注，當(dāng)你沒有得到足夠關(guān)注的時(shí)候感到壓力。Instagram 讓它的用戶對獲得關(guān)注的強(qiáng)烈感覺上癮。我知道我們都開玩笑說，“老天， 我太沉迷于手機(jī)了。”但這是個(gè)真正的上癮。這是有科學(xué)依據(jù)的。如果你好奇，我推薦杰倫·拉尼爾，特里斯坦·哈里斯，尼爾·埃亞爾的作品。

07:42

But here's what I can tell you. Beingaddicted to getting attention is just like being addicted to anything else.It's never enough. You start out and you're thinking, "If only I had 1,000followers, that would feel amazing." But then you're like, "Well,once I get to 10,000 followers," and, "Once I get to 100 -- Once Iget to a million followers, then I'll feel amazing."

但這是我要告訴你的，對獲得關(guān)注上癮就跟對其他東西上癮一樣。永遠(yuǎn)都不夠。你一開始會想，“如果我有 1 千粉絲，那一定讓我感覺驚奇。”然后你就會想，“一旦我達(dá)到 1 萬粉絲，”再繼續(xù)是，“如果我有 100——一旦我有百萬粉絲，那么我一定感覺驚奇?！?/p>

08:10

So I have 4.2 million followers on Twitter-- it's never made me feel amazing. I'm not going to tell you how many I haveon Instagram, because I feel genuine shame about how low the number is, becauseI joined Instagram after "Batman" came out.

于是我在推特上有 420 萬粉絲——這從沒讓我感到驚奇。我不打算告訴你們 我在 Instagram 上有多少粉絲，因?yàn)槲覍@個(gè)數(shù)字如此之低 感到非常羞愧，因?yàn)槲沂窃凇厄饌b》上映后才加入 Instagram 的。

08:24

（Laughter）

08:28

And I search other actors, and I see thattheir number is higher than mine, and it makes me feel terrible about myself.Because the follower count makes everybody feel terrible about themselves. Thatfeeling of inadequacy is what drives you to post, so you can get moreattention, and then that attention that you get is what these companies sell,that's how they make their money. So there is no amount of attention you canget where you feel like you've arrived, and you're like, "Ah, I'm goodnow."

并且我搜索了其他演員，我看到他們的粉絲數(shù)比我高，這讓我對自己感覺很糟糕。因?yàn)榉劢z數(shù)讓人人都對自己感覺糟糕。這種不滿足的感覺是促使你發(fā)帖的原因，這樣你才能獲得更多的注意力，然后你獲得的注意力是這些公司賣的東西，它們就是這樣賺錢的。所以不存在這樣的地方，在那你會覺得你達(dá)到了目標(biāo)，你會覺得，“啊，我現(xiàn)在就很好?！?/p>

09:00

And of course, there are a lot of actorswho are more famous than I am, have more followers than I do, but I bet youthey would tell you the same thing. If your creativity is driven by a desire toget attention, you're never going to be creatively fulfilled.

當(dāng)然，也有很多比我出名的演員粉絲比我多，但我敢打賭他們會告訴你同樣的事情。如果你的創(chuàng)作是被獲得關(guān)注的欲望驅(qū)使，你永遠(yuǎn)不會有創(chuàng)作的成就感。

09:17

But I do have some good news. There is thisother powerful feeling. Something else you can do with your attention besidesletting a giant tech company control it and sell it. This is that feeling I wastalking about, why I love acting so much -- it's being able to pay attention tojust one thing.

但我的確有一些好消息。還有另一種強(qiáng)大的感覺。你可以用你的注意力做其他事情，除了讓大型科技公司 控制和出售它外。這正是我在談?wù)摰哪欠N感覺，我為什么如此喜歡表演——它能讓人把注意力放到一件事情上。

09:39

Turns out there's actually some sciencebehind this too. Psychologists and neuroscientists -- they study a phenomenonthey call flow, which is this thing that happens in the human brain whensomeone pays attention to just one thing, like something creative, and managesnot to get distracted by anything else. And some say the more regularly you dothis, the happier you'll be.

原來這背后確實(shí)也有科學(xué)原理支撐。心理學(xué)家和神經(jīng)學(xué)家——他們研究了一種他們 稱之為“心流”的現(xiàn)象，這是當(dāng)人們把注意力只放在 一件事上，比如創(chuàng)意，并且盡量不被其他事情分心時(shí)，會發(fā)生在人類大腦中的現(xiàn)象。有說法說，你越經(jīng)常這樣做， 你就會越快樂。

10:02

Now I'm not a psychologist or aneuroscientist. But I can tell you, for me, that is very true. It's not alwayseasy, it's hard. To really pay attention like this takes practice, everybodydoes it their own way. But if there's one thing I can share that I think helpsme focus and really pay attention, it's this: I try not to see other creativepeople as my competitors. I try to find collaborators. Like, if I'm acting in ascene, if I start seeing the other actors as my competitors, and I'm like,"God, they're going to get more attention than I am, people are going tobe talking about their performance more than mine" -- I've lost my focus.And I'm probably going to suck in that scene.

我現(xiàn)在并不是個(gè)心理學(xué)家 或神經(jīng)科學(xué)家。但我可以告訴你們，對我而言，這非常真實(shí)。并非那么容易，它很難。像這樣真正地集中注意力需要練習(xí)，每個(gè)人都有自己的方法。但有個(gè)事情我可以分享，我認(rèn)為它幫助了我專注 并真正集中注意力，它是：我盡量不把其他有創(chuàng)造力的人視為我的競爭對手。我試著尋找協(xié)作者。比如，我在一個(gè)場景中表演，如果我開始把其他演員當(dāng)成 我的競爭對手，我會有些：“老天，他們獲得的關(guān)注會超過我，人們會更多地討論他們的表現(xiàn)多于我”——我就失去了專注。我可能會搞砸那個(gè)場景。

10:45

But when I see the other actors ascollaborators, then it becomes almost easy to focus, because I'm just payingattention to them. And I don't have to think about what I'm doing -- I react towhat they're doing, they react to what I'm doing, and we can kind of keep eachother in it together. But I don't want you to think it's only actors on a setthat can collaborate in this way. I could be in whatever kind of creativesituation. It could be professional, could be just for fun. I could becollaborating with people I'm not even in the same room with. In fact, some ofmy favorite things I've ever made, I made with people that I never physicallymet.

但當(dāng)我把其他演員當(dāng)作協(xié)作者時(shí)，然后事情就變得更容易專注了，因?yàn)槲抑恍璋炎⒁饬Ψ旁谒麄兩砩稀Ｎ也恍枰ハ胛以谧鍪裁础覍λ麄冏龅淖龀龇磻?yīng)，他們對我做的做出反應(yīng)，我們可以彼此專注。但我不希望你認(rèn)為只有片場的演員才能以這種方式合作。我可以在任何創(chuàng)作的情況下這樣做。它可以在專業(yè)場合，也可以只是為了好玩。我甚至可以和不在一個(gè)房間里的人合作。事實(shí)上，我做過的一個(gè)最愛的事情是我和從未見過面的人協(xié)作。

11:23

And by the way, this, to me, is the beautyof the internet. If we could just stop competing for attention, then theinternet becomes a great place to find collaborators. And once I'mcollaborating with other people, whether they're on set, or online, wherever,that makes it so much easier for me to find that flow, because we're all justpaying attention to the one thing that we're making together. And I fell likeI'm part of something larger than myself, and we all sort of shield each otherfrom anything else that might otherwise grab our attention, and we can all justbe there.

順便說一句， 對我來說，這就是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之美。 如果我們能夠停止競爭注意力， 那么互聯(lián)網(wǎng)就會變成尋找 協(xié)作者的偉大地方。 一旦我和其他人協(xié)作，不管他們在片場，或在線，任何地方， 這讓我更容易找到那種心流， 因?yàn)槲覀兌荚诩凶⒁饬Φ?我們共同做的一件事情上。 我感到我是比我自己更偉大 的東西的一部分，我們是彼此的盔甲， 擋開任何其他可能奪走 我們注意力的東西， 我們?nèi)咳硕寄苷嬲度搿?/p>

12:08

At least that's what works for me.Sometimes. Sometimes -- it doesn't always work. Sometimes, I still totally getwrapped up in that addictive cycle of wanting to get attention. I mean, like,even right now, can I honestly say there's not some part of me here who's like,"Hey, everybody, look at me, I'm giving a TED Talk!"

至少這對我有效。有時(shí)候。有時(shí)候——它不總是有效。有時(shí)候，我仍然完全沉浸在想要獲取關(guān)注的上癮怪圈中。我意思是，即便現(xiàn)在，我能真誠地說，我身上 沒有一丁點(diǎn)這樣想：“嘿，你們看，我在做 TED 演講！”嗎？

12:28

（Laughter）

12:29

There is -- there's, you know, some part.But I can also honestly say that this whole creative process of writing andgiving this talk, it's been a huge opportunity for me to focus and really payattention to something I care a lot about.

這是，你懂的，多少有一些。但我可以真誠地說這整個(gè)寫作和演講的整個(gè)創(chuàng)作過程，真是一個(gè)巨大的機(jī)會讓我聚焦于以及真正把注意力放在 我非常關(guān)心的事情上。

12:45

So regardless of how much attention I do ordon't get as a result, I'm happy I did it. And I'm grateful to all of you forletting me. So thank you, that's it, you can give your attention to someoneelse now.

所以不管我能否從中得到多少關(guān)注，我很高興我這樣做了。我很感激你們讓我這樣做。所以謝謝你們，就這樣，現(xiàn)在你可以把注意力放在其他事情上了。

13:01

Thanks again.

再次感謝。

13:02

（Applause）