演講MP3+雙語文稿:諾獎題名的環(huán)保女孩：現(xiàn)在就對氣候變化采取行動

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【演講者及介紹】Greta Thunberg

出生于2003年的GretaThunberg是一位年輕的瑞典氣候活動家和激進(jìn)環(huán)保主義者。2019年，年僅16歲的她獲評《時代》周刊2019年度人物，入選2019全球最具影響力女性榜，并獲得諾貝爾和平獎題名。

【演講主題】讓人放下戒心的理由，現(xiàn)在就對氣候變化采取行動

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者Yongjiang Li 校對者 LipengChen

00：13

When I was about eight years old, I firstheard about something called climate change or global warming. Apparently, thatwas something humans had created by our way of living. I was told to turn offthe lights to save energy and to recycle paper to save resources. I rememberthinking that it was very strange that humans, who are an animal species amongothers, could be capable of changing the Earth's climate. Because if we were,and if it was really happening, we wouldn't be talking about anything else. Assoon as you'd turn on the TV, everything would be about that. Headlines, radio,newspapers, you would never read or hear about anything else, as if there was aworld war going on. But no one ever talked about it. If burning fossil fuelswas so bad that it threatened our very existence, how could we just continuelike before? Why were there no restrictions? Why wasn't it made illegal?

在我大概八歲的時候，我第一次聽說氣候變化或全球變暖。顯然，這是人類的生活方式產(chǎn)生的后果。我被告知要關(guān)燈以節(jié)約能源，回收紙張以節(jié)省資源。我記得我那時覺得很奇怪人類，作為動物的一種，能夠改變地球的氣候。因?yàn)槿绻俏覀冏龅模绻娴陌l(fā)生了，我們不就不該談?wù)撈渌氖虑榱?。一打開電視，應(yīng)該都是關(guān)于氣候的事。頭條新聞，廣播，報紙，你不會讀到或聽到其他任何東西，仿佛是處在一場世界大戰(zhàn)中。但是沒有人談?wù)撨@些。如果燃燒化石燃料后果如此嚴(yán)重，會威脅到我們的生存，我們怎么還能像以前一樣？為什么沒有限制？為什么將其不列為非法的？

01：30

To me, that did not add up. It was toounreal. So when I was 11, I became ill. I fell into depression, I stoppedtalking, and I stopped eating. In two months, I lost about 10 kilos of weight.Later on, I was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, OCD and selective mutism.That basically means I only speak when I think it's necessary - now is one ofthose moments.

對我來說，那并不合理。那太不真實(shí)了。當(dāng)我11歲時，我生病了。我陷入了抑郁，我不想說話，我不想吃飯，在兩個月內(nèi)，我掉了大約10公斤的體重。后來，我被診斷出患有亞斯伯格癥候群，強(qiáng)迫癥和選擇性緘默癥。這基本上意味著我只在我認(rèn)為有必要時說話——現(xiàn)在就是其中一刻。

02：05

(Applause)

（掌聲）

02：15

For those of us who are on the spectrum,almost everything is black or white. We aren't very good at lying, and weusually don't enjoy participating in this social game that the rest of you seemso fond of.

對于我們這些孤獨(dú)癥患者，幾乎所有東西都是非黑即白的。我們不善于說謊，而且我們通常不喜歡參加這樣的社交活動，不過你們似乎都很喜歡。

02：29

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02：30

I think in many ways that we autistic arethe normal ones, and the rest of the people are pretty strange,

我想在很多方面，我們自閉的人才是正常的，而其他人都很奇怪，

02：36

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02：37

especially when it comes to thesustainability crisis, where everyone keeps saying climate change is an existentialthreat and the most important issue of all, and yet they just carry on likebefore. I don't understand that, because if the emissions have to stop, then wemust stop the emissions. To me that is black or white. There are no gray areaswhen it comes to survival. Either we go on as a civilization or we don't. Wehave to change.

特別是在可持續(xù)發(fā)展危機(jī)方面，每個人都在說氣候變化是一種生存威脅，是當(dāng)務(wù)之急的問題，然而他們依然如故。我不明白為什么那樣，因?yàn)槿绻仨毻Ｖ古欧?，我們就該停止排放。對我來說那就是非黑即白的事。在生存方面沒有灰色地帶。要么我們的文明得以延續(xù)，要么不復(fù)存在。我們必須改變。

03：12

Rich countries like Sweden need to startreducing emissions by at least 15 percent every year. And that is so that wecan stay below a two-degree warming target. Yet, as the IPCC have recentlydemonstrated, aiming instead for 1.5 degrees Celsius would significantly reducethe climate impacts. But we can only imagine what that means for reducingemissions. You would think the media and every one of our leaders would betalking about nothing else, but they never even mention it. Nor does anyoneever mention the greenhouse gases already locked in the system. Nor that airpollution is hiding a warming so that when we stop burning fossil fuels, wealready have an extra level of warming perhaps as high as 0.5 to 1.1 degreesCelsius. Furthermore does hardly anyone speak about the fact that we are in themidst of the sixth mass extinction, with up to 200 species going extinct everysingle day, that the extinction rate today is between 1,000 and 10,000 timeshigher than what is seen as normal. Nor does hardly anyone ever speak about theaspect of equity or climate justice, clearly stated everywhere in the ParisAgreement, which is absolutely necessary to make it work on a global scale.That means that rich countries need to get down to zero emissions within 6 to12 years, with today's emission speed. And that is so that people in poorercountries can have a chance to heighten their standard of living by buildingsome of the infrastructure that we have already built, such as roads, schools,hospitals, clean drinking water, electricity, and so on. Because how can weexpect countries like India or Nigeria to care about the climate crisis if wewho already have everything don't care even a second about it or our actualcommitments to the Paris Agreement?

像瑞典這樣的富裕國家需要開始減少排放，每年至少減少15％。這樣我們可以將溫度增長控制在 2度以內(nèi)。然而，正如IPCC（政府間氣候變化專門委員會）最近發(fā)布的那樣，如果將溫度增長控制在 1.5攝氏度以內(nèi)，則會大大減少氣候影響。但我們只能想象這對減排意味著什么。你會以為媒體，還有每一位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人該不再談?wù)搫e的，但他們甚至從未提過。也沒有人提過溫室氣體已經(jīng)被鎖在大氣中。也不提空氣污染隱含了變暖，即便我們停止燃燒化石燃料，我們也會遭遇額外的變暖，大約為0.5至1.1攝氏度。此外，幾乎沒有人談?wù)撐覀冋幱诘诹未笠?guī)模滅絕之中，每天有多達(dá)200個物種滅絕。今天的滅絕率比正常情況 高出1000甚至10000倍。幾乎沒有人談?wù)?氣候方面的公平和正義，而這些在《巴黎協(xié)定》中 都有明確說明，使其在全球范圍內(nèi)發(fā)揮作用 是絕對必要的。那意味著富裕的國家，需要在6至12年內(nèi)從今天的排放量降至零排放。這樣貧窮國家的人們才有機(jī)會提高他們的生活水平，通過建造一些我們已經(jīng)構(gòu)建的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如道路，學(xué)校，醫(yī)院，干凈的飲用水，電，等等。因?yàn)槲覀冊趺纯梢匀テ诖《然蚰崛绽麃喼惖膰胰リP(guān)心氣候危機(jī)，若已經(jīng)擁有一切的我們對此毫不關(guān)心，也不對《巴黎協(xié)定》付諸行動？

05：32

So, why are we not reducing our emissions?Why are they in fact still increasing? Are we knowingly causing a massextinction? Are we evil? No, of course not. People keep doing what they dobecause the vast majority doesn't have a clue about the actual consequences ofour everyday life, and they don't know that rapid change is required. We allthink we know, and we all think everybody knows, but we don't. Because howcould we? If there really was a crisis, and if this crisis was caused by ouremissions, you would at least see some signs. Not just flooded cities, tens ofthousands of dead people, and whole nations leveled to piles of torn downbuildings. You would see some restrictions. But no. And no one talks about it.There are no emergency meetings, no headlines, no breaking news. No one isacting as if we were in a crisis. Even most climate scientists or greenpoliticians keep on flying around the world, eating meat and dairy. If I liveto be 100, I will be alive in the year 2103. When you think about the futuretoday, you don't think beyond the year 2050. By then, I will, in the best case,not even have lived half of my life.

那么，為什么我們不減少排放？為什么排放實(shí)際上還在增加？我們是否故意造成大規(guī)模滅絕？我們是邪惡的嗎？不，當(dāng)然不。人們繼續(xù)做他們做的事，因?yàn)榻^大多數(shù)人都不知道我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹膶?shí)際后果，他們不知道需要盡快改變。我們都以為我們知道，我們都以為每個人都知道，但我們沒有。因?yàn)槲覀冊趺磿兀咳绻_實(shí)存在危機(jī)，如果這種危機(jī)是由我們的排放造成的，你至少該看到一些跡象。不只是城市被水淹沒，成千上萬的人喪生，整個國家一片廢墟。你該會看到一些限制。但沒有。沒有人談?wù)撍?。沒有緊急會議，沒有頭條新聞，沒有突發(fā)新聞。沒有人表現(xiàn)得好像我們處于危機(jī)之中。甚至大多數(shù)氣候科學(xué)家和綠色政治家 繼續(xù)在飛越世界各地，吃肉和乳制品。如果我能活到100歲，我將活到2103年。你們今天想未來時，往往想不到2050年以后。但到那時，在最好的情況下，我還沒有度過生命的一半。

07：22

What happens next? The year 2078, I willcelebrate my 75th birthday. If I have children or grandchildren, maybe theywill spend that day with me. Maybe they will ask me about you, the people whowere around, back in 2018. Maybe they will ask why you didn't do anything whilethere still was time to act. What we do or don't do right now will affect myentire life and the lives of my children and grandchildren. What we do or don'tdo right now, me and my generation can't undo in the future. So when schoolstarted in August of this year, I decided that this was enough. I set myselfdown on the ground outside the Swedish parliament. I school striked for theclimate. Some people say that I should be in school instead. Some people saythat I should study to become a climate scientist so that I can "solve theclimate crisis." But the climate crisis has already been solved. Wealready have all the facts and solutions. All we have to do is to wake up andchange. And why should I be studying for a future that soon will be no morewhen no one is doing anything whatsoever to save that future? And what is thepoint of learning facts in the school system when the most important factsgiven by the finest science of that same school system clearly means nothing toour politicians and our society. Some people say that Sweden is just a smallcountry, and that it doesn't matter what we do, but I think that if a fewchildren can get headlines all over the world just by not coming to school fora few weeks, imagine what we could all do together if you wanted to.

然后呢？ 2078年，我將慶祝我75歲的生日。如果我有孩子或?qū)O子孫女，也許他們會和我一起度過那一天。也許他們會問我關(guān)于你們的事，2018年的人們。也許他們會問為什么你們什么都不做，即使還有時間采取行動。我們現(xiàn)在做或不做什么會影響我的一生 以及我的孩子和孫子孫女的生活。無論我們現(xiàn)在做或不做什么，我和我這一代人在未來都無法彌補(bǔ)。所以在今年8月份開學(xué)時，我覺得該是時候了。我把自己置于瑞典議會外的場地上。我為氣候罷課。有人說我應(yīng)該去上學(xué)。有人說我應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)成為氣候科學(xué)家，這樣我就可以“解決氣候危機(jī)”。但氣候危機(jī)已經(jīng)解決了。我們已經(jīng)掌握了所有的事實(shí)和解決方案。我們所要做的是覺醒并改變。為什么我要為一個很快不復(fù)存在的未來學(xué)習(xí)呢？現(xiàn)在沒有人為挽救未來做任何事。在教育系統(tǒng)中學(xué)習(xí)還有什么意義呢，如果教育系統(tǒng)內(nèi)最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)所提供事實(shí)都明顯對我們的政治家和社會毫無影響。有人說瑞典只是一個小國，我們做什么并不重要。但我想如果有幾個孩子可以登上全世界的頭條新聞，只是罷課幾周，想象一下，如果你們愿意，我們可以一起。

09：32

(Applause)

（掌聲）

09：36

Now we're almost at the end of my talk, andthis is where people usually start talking about hope, solar panels, windpower, circular economy, and so on, but I'm not going to do that. We've had 30years of pep-talking and selling positive ideas. And I'm sorry, but it doesn'twork. Because if it would have, the emissions would have gone down by now. Theyhaven't. And yes, we do need hope, of course we do. But the one thing we needmore than hope is action. Once we start to act, hope is everywhere.

現(xiàn)在我的演講快結(jié)束了，一般這時候人們開始暢想希望，太陽能電池板，風(fēng)力發(fā)電，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)等等，但我不打算這樣做。30年來，我們一直在講鼓舞士氣的話，但我很抱歉那些沒起作用。因?yàn)槿绻杏?，排放量現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該已經(jīng)下降了。但它們沒有。是的，我們確實(shí)需要希望，當(dāng)然，我們需要。但我們需要的不僅僅是希望而是行動。一旦我們開始行動，希望無處不在。

10：23

So instead of looking for hope, look foraction. Then, and only then, hope will come.

所以與其期待希望，不如期待行動。那樣，只有那樣，希望才會到來。

10：34

Today, we use 100 million barrels of oilevery single day. There are no politics to change that. There are no rules tokeep that oil in the ground. So we can't save the world by playing by therules, because the rules have to be changed.

今天，我們每天使用1億桶石油。沒有政策可以改變這一點(diǎn)。沒有規(guī)定將石油封存在地下。所以我們不能通過遵守規(guī)則拯救世界，因?yàn)橐?guī)則必須改變。

10：57

Everything needs to change -- and it has tostart today.

一切都需要改變——必須從今天開始。

10：11

Thank you.

謝謝。

11：02

(Applause)

（掌聲）