職稱英語 全真模擬Ⅱ

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1～15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.

A. bad

B. polite

C. similar

D. usual

2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment.

A. love

B. surprise

C. doubt

D. anger

3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.

A. energetic

B. physical

C. regular

D. free

4. Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil.

A. failure

B. confusion

C. doubt

D. relief

5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people.

A. evidence

B. danger

C. case

D. picture

6. I enjoyed the play, it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues.

A. long

B. original

C. humorous

D. boring

7. He demolished my arguments in minutes.

A. disproved

B. disputed

C. accepted

D. supported

8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.

A. combine

B. sell

C. close

D. break

9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone.

A. immediate

B. great

C. equal

D. moderate

10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education.

A. private

B. general

C. good

D. special

11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth.

A. attract

B. encourage

C. require

D. spend

12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison.

A. critical

B. terrible

C. necessary

D. normal

13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer. It's driving me mad.

A. measure

B. generate

C. tolerate

D. reduce

14. The project required ten years of diligent research.

A. hardworking

B. scientific

C. basic

D. social

15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school.

A. unclear

B. bright

C. bad

D. general

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16～22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提到，請選擇C。

The Writing's on the Wall?

Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蠻行為)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鴉) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his tag, TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip-hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could.

An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, has been so successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week," says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. "We all share a common interest and get on really well with each other." The first site to be chosen was a subway. "Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now." By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property.

Street artist Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampion, England. "The whole hip-hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everything. But it was always the graffiti I was best at," he says.

16. Demetrius was a teenager born in New York.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The graffiti scheme in Rochdale was for teenagers only.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. People did not like using the subway before an organized group of graffiti artists came.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Since the scheme started, new wall in the town were sprayed with graffiti.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. Most of the other graffiti artists in England were about ten years older than Temper.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. Temper, a street artist, is now head of graffiti club in England.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23～30題，每題1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：（1）第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1～4段每段選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

Design Museums

Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular "design museums" that are opening today, however, perform quite a different role. Unlike most art museums, the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the center of the hall.

People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales—it is the honoring of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.

One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits. Unlike the average art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled (困惑的). This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work and look as they do, and how design has improved the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their understanding.

In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried to satisfy the public's growing interest in the field with new ideas. London's Design Museum, for example, shows a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museums seem far less strict than those to art museums, and visitors may also sense the humorous (幽默的) part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting and unusually attractive toys collected in our everyday life.

23. Paragraph 1________.

24. Paragraph 2________.

25. Paragraph 3________.

26. Paragraph 4________.

* * *

A. The difference between department store and design museum

B. Design museums attracting the public with new ideas

C. The difference between art museum and design museum

D. The difference between department store and art museum

E. One advantage of design museum

F. Advertisement

* * *

27. People might see objects like fridges and washing machines in________.

28. The difference between design museums and department stores lies in that________.

29. Design museums seldom puzzle the visitors because________.

30. In London's Design Museum, people might see________.

* * *

A. the former shows the new technology while the latter advertises

B. a design museum

C. visitors are familiar with the exhibits there

D. a group of Italian fish-tins

E. the former show the success of a sale while the latter just sell products

F. people like design museum rather than art museum

* * *

第4部分：閱讀理解（第31～45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第1篇　Women Need Careers

We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be "beyond dispute".

We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary.

The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm.

Sex roles were determined according to the "place" appropriate to each. Women's place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i. e., workshops, factories and business firms, belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world (private and public) gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each its special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, "cared, nurtured and conserved". To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his fellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man.

Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the desire for independence.

31. It is only in recent years that we have recognized that________.

A. there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexes

B. the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous

C. the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of culture

D. the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes

32. From Paragraph 1 we can infer that it is now possible for women to embark on a career because________.

A. the change in sex roles is out of the question

B. women's lib has been going on for many years

C. ideas about the roles of women have been changing

D. the expansion of sciences scarcely remolds the women's roles

33. The author believes that sex discrimination in the West before the 1960s was________.

A. preferable

B. prevalent

C. presumable

D. precedent

34. According to the fourth paragraph, the author seems to think that________.

A. female passivity is natural

B. men and women are physically identical

C. men are born competitive and aggressive

D. some different sex identity is acquired

35. According to the author, which of the following is the most important reason for women to go to work?

A. Wish to claim their rights and freedom.

B. Ambition and self-fulfillment.

C. Financial incentives.

D. Desire for a social life.

第2篇　Who Wants to Live Forever?

If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long, would you take it?

The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date. Scientists have already extended the lives of flies, worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years.

This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams, spending time with our loved ones, watching our families grow and have families of their own.

Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking, says Dr. Gregory Stock at School of Public Health of University of California. "It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work."

Longer lives don't just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. "We have war, poverty, all sorts of issues around, and I don't think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer," says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan. "The question is 'What will we get as a society'? I suspect it won't be a better society."

It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would happen to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what would happen to family life if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?

Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents, or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart. We think of an elder sibling as someone, who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.

Working life would also be affected, especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age-skill, wisdom and good judgment.

On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?

Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people, and more on making life comfortable for the old.

And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom, but less energy. Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curious and like to experience different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact, they are less enthusiastic about everything.

The effect of anti-aging technology is deeper than we might think. But as the science advances, we need to think about these changes now.

If this could ever happen, then we'd better ask what kind of society we want to get, says Daniel Callahan. "We had better not go anywhere near it until we have figured those problems out."

36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do?

A. Spending more time with his family.

B. Having more education.

C. Realizing more dreams.

D. Working longer.

37. Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph?

A. Marriages in the US today are quite unstable.

B. More and more people in the US today want to get married.

C. Living longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties.

D. If people live longer, they would stay in marriage longer.

38. All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT________.

A. communication between employers and employees would be more difficult

B. more money would be used by employees in payment of their employees

C. the job market would be more competitive

D. it would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions

39. An important feature of a society in which people live a long life is that________.

A. it places more emphasis on educating the young

B. it is both wise and energetic

C. it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new

D. it welcomes changes

40. Which of the following best describes Callahan's attitude to anti-aging technology?

A. Optimistic.

B. Pessimistic.

C. Reserved.

D. Negative.

第3篇　Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference

Putting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.

Most student leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years.

Yvonne Fangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequently cited reason for joining.

At large universities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, the students first of all want to find a way to "belong in their own corner of campus."

Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find a group of friends."

All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren't thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten up their resumes,'" said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles."

But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up for an event designed to educate students about homelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with the university's complicated bureaucracy.

Outside of the classroom learning really makes a big difference, Fangmeyer said.

41. An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because most student leaders________.

A. are lazy

B. are stupid

C. are not rich enough

D. will not take an interest in it

42. American students join campus organizations mostly for________.

A. making a difference

B. gaining experience

C. building friendship

D. improving their resumes

43. Who is Katie Rowley?

A. She's a senior professor.

B. She's a senior student.

C. She's a senior official.

D. She's a senior citizen

44. What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?

A. Passion.

B. Money.

C. Power.

D. Fame.

45. The phrasal verb "fatten up" in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by________.

A. invent

B. rewrite

C. polish

D. complete

第5部分：補全短文（第46～50題，每題2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

The Importance of Agriculture in China

The development of agriculture and the balance between food and population are China's fundamental economic problems. The classical histories praise emperors for devotion to agriculture and much of China's modern history is　46　, which has been growing steadily.

Today, although agriculture accounts for only a quarter of the Gross National Product, it is still the main determinant of the standard of living and the principal occupation of at least 70 percent of population.

Agriculture also　47　, because industry needs both agricultural raw materials and food for its work force. The failure of agriculture to supply raw material and food halted and later reversed the industrial progress of the 1950's. After 1960 new emphasis was placed on agriculture, and the slogan "Agriculture is the foundation of the economy" has remained a central Chinese economic policy ever since.

　48　, there is an indirect link due to the relationship between agriculture and foreign trade. Many of China's exports are　49　or consumer goods based on them. Flourishing agriculture, therefore, promotes exports. It also reduces the need to spend foreign exchange on imports of grain and cotton, therefore　50　.

A. determines the progress of industry

B. the story of the unfolding struggle to feed a peasant population

C. either agricultural raw materials

D. enlarging the capacity of the economy to import machinery and commodities for industry

E. In addition to the direct links between agriculture and industry

F. thus promoting both import and export

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65題，每題1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

Unpopular Subjects

Is there a place in today's society for the study of useless subjects in our universities? Just over 100 years ago Fitzgerald argued in a well-written letter　51　Nature that "Universities must be allowed to study useless subjects—　52　they don't, who will?" He went on to use the　53　of Maxwell's electrodynamics (電動力學(xué)) as one case where a "useless subject" has been transformed to a useful subject.

Nowadays this argument is again very much　54　in many universities. Indeed one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be　55　anew (重新) by each generation. But now there is an added twist—subjects must not only be useful, they must also be　56　enough that students will flock (蜂擁) to do them, and even flock to pay to do them.

As universities become commercial operations, the pressure to　57　subjects or departments that are less popular will become stronger and stronger. Perhaps this is most strongly　58　at the moment by physics. There has been much　59　in the press of universities that are closing down physics departments and incorporate them with mathematics or engineering departments.

Many scientists think otherwise. They see physics as a　60　science, which must be kept alive if only to　61　a base for other sciences and engineering. It is of their great personal concern that physics teaching and research is under　62　in many universities. How can it be preserved in the rush towards commercial competition? A major turnaround (轉(zhuǎn)變) in student popularity may have to　63　until the industrial world discovers that it needs physicists and starts paying them well.

Physics is now not only unpopular; it is also "hard". We can do more about the latter by　64　teaching in our schools and universities. We can also　65　cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists keep their research and teaching up to date.

51. A. about

B. of

C. to

D. on

52. A. if

B. as

C. because

D. since

53. A. question

B. example

C. design

D. device

54. A. powerful

B. terrible

C. difficult

D. active

55. A. fought

B. weighted

C. respected

D. selected

56. A. clear

B. popular

C. indefinite

D. available

57. A. choose

B. strengthen

C. eliminate

D. identify

58. A. recommended

B. opposed

C. suspected

D. felt

59. A. discussion

B. fancy

C. evidence

D. influence

60. A. precise

B. noble

C. new

D. fundamental

61. A. install

B. provide

C. reach

D. cover

62. A. agreement

B. construction

C. threat

D. consideration

63. A. wait

B. move

C. progress

D. increase

64. A. running

B. improving

C. learning

D. dropping

65. A. fix

B. modify

C. review

D. develop