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初中·課本中不會(huì)教你的 動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài) 正誤速辨

所屬教程:課本中不會(huì)教你的初中英語單詞、詞組、句型和慣用法

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2022年05月25日

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動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài) 正誤速辨

1 我每天早晨7點(diǎn)鐘吃早飯。

誤  I've breakfast at 7 every morning.

正  I have breakfast at 7 every morning.

評(píng)  動(dòng)詞have/has在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)中不用簡(jiǎn)略形式。

2 他不知道為什么要早起床。

誤  He didn't know why to get up early.

正  He didn't know why he had to get up early.

評(píng)  why不可用于why to do sth.。但who, whom, what, where, when, how等則可以與不定式連用。

3 我想要你回答這個(gè)問題。

誤  I'd like you answer this question.

正  I'd like you to answer this question.

評(píng)  'd like是would like的縮寫式,“would like +代詞/名詞+to do sth.”中to不可省。

4 讓我們唱一首歌吧。

誤  Let us to sing a song.

正  Let us sing a song.

評(píng)  “讓某人做某事”要說let sb. do sth.,不可說let sb. to do sth.。

5 為什么今天不做呢?

誤  Why not to do it today?

正  Why not do it today?

評(píng)  why not后加動(dòng)詞原形,意為“為什么不……呢”,表示建議。

6 我的表11點(diǎn)鐘了。

誤  My watch speaks eleven o'clock.

誤  My watch tells eleven o'clock.

正  My watch says eleven o'clock.

評(píng)  這種說法應(yīng)用say,相當(dāng)于show。

7 你最好戒煙。

誤  You'd better to give up smoking.

正  You'd better give up smoking.

評(píng)  'd better是had better的縮寫,意為“最好”,后接動(dòng)詞原形。

8 他入團(tuán)已經(jīng)兩年了。

誤  He joined the League for two years.

正  He has been a League member for two years.

評(píng)  在英語中,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作是短暫的,不可同表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

9 Has Jim slept?不同于Has Jim gone to sleep?

【比較】

Has Jim slept ? (吉姆睡過了嗎? )(問他是否已經(jīng)睡過覺 )

Has Jim gone to sleep ? (吉姆睡著了嗎? )(問他是否已入睡 )

10 打掃教室將要花去我們半個(gè)小時(shí)。

誤  It will take us half an hour clean the classroom.

誤  It will take us half an hour cleaning the classroom.

正  It will take us half an hour to clean the classroom.

評(píng)  “做某事花(某人)多少時(shí)間”要用“it takes (sb.)+時(shí)間+to do sth.”

11 我希望你下次早點(diǎn)來。

誤  I hope you to come early next time.

正  I hope (that) you'll come early next time.

評(píng)  “希望某人做某事”不可說hope sb. to do sth.,要用hope+that從句,that可省。

12 他穿著一件新襯衫。

誤  He is putting on a new shirt.

正  He is wearing a new shirt.

評(píng)  put on表示“穿上,戴上”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身。wear表示“穿著,戴著”,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。

13 他發(fā)現(xiàn)鍛煉身體很重要。

誤  He found important to take more exercise.

正  He found it important to take more exercise.

評(píng)  “發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎樣”常用find it +形容詞+to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu),這里的it是形式賓語,不可省。

14 母親讓我自己洗衣服。

誤  Mother made me to wash the clothes myself.

正  Mother made me wash the clothes myself.

評(píng)  make sb. do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”,本結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式不可加to。

15 我能看見樹上有一些鳥。

誤  I can look at some birds in the tree.

正  I can see some birds in the tree.

評(píng)  see表示“看見”,指結(jié)果。look at表示“瞧,看一看”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身。

16 她看見一只猴子跑進(jìn)森林中去了。

誤  She saw a monkey to run into the forest.

正  She saw a monkey run into the forest.

評(píng)  “see+名詞/代詞+不帶to的不定式”是一個(gè)常用表達(dá)法。

17 你能在中午前到達(dá)那里嗎?

誤  Can you be able to get there before noon?

正  Are you able to get there before noon?

評(píng)  表示“能,能夠”,可用can或be able to,但兩者不可混用在一起。

18 我不知道讀什么樣的書。

誤  I don't know what to read the book.

正  I don't know what book to read .

評(píng)  不定式作定語時(shí),要置于所修飾的名詞或名詞短語后。

19 父親告訴我不要遲到。

誤  Father told me to not be late.

正  Father told me not to be late.

評(píng)  不定式的否定式為“not+不定式”,not要放在to的前面。

20 Do you have time?不同于Do you have the time?

Do you have time? 你有空嗎 ?(相當(dāng)于Are you free now? )

Do you have the time? 你的表幾點(diǎn)了 ?(相當(dāng)于What time is it by your watch? )

21 我今天必須交作業(yè)嗎?—不,不必。

誤  Must I hand in my homework?—No, you mustn't .

正  Must I hand in my homework?—No, you needn't .

評(píng)  回答must開頭的問句,表示“不必”時(shí),要用needn't,不可用mustn't。mustn't含有禁止的意思,語氣較強(qiáng),意為“絕不能,一定不要”。

22 她可能今天還那本書。

誤  She can return the book today.

正  She may return the book today.

評(píng)  表示“可能”時(shí),can用于疑問句和否定句,may用于肯定句。

23 出去散散步怎樣?

誤  What about to go out for a walk?

正  What about going out for a walk?

評(píng)  What about...?用于征求意見,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

24 琳達(dá)擅長(zhǎng)彈鋼琴。

誤  Linda is good at play the piano.

正  Linda is good at playing the piano.

評(píng)  be good at, be bad at(拙于)后要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

25 他在找一個(gè)地方住。

誤  He's looking for a place to live in .

正  He's looking for a place to live .

評(píng)  表示“住的地方,坐的地方”,要說a place to live, a place to sit,為習(xí)慣用法,不可加介詞in或on。

26 莉莉可能在家。

誤  Lily maybe at home.

正  Lily may be at home.

評(píng)  maybe是一個(gè)詞,為副詞,意為“可能,也許”。may be是兩個(gè)詞,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞同be動(dòng)詞連用,意為“也許是,可能是”。

27 他喜歡在雨中散步。

誤  He enjoys to take a walk in the rain.

正  He enjoys taking a walk in the rain.

評(píng)  enjoy后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

28 請(qǐng)坐下。

誤  Sit down please .

正  Sit down,please .

正  Please sit down.

評(píng)  在祈使句中,please放在前后均可,如放在后面,please前面常用逗號(hào)隔開。

29 他寧可看電視不愿散步。

誤  He prefers watching TV to take a walk.

正  He prefers watching TV to taking a walk.

評(píng)  prefer doing sth. to doing sth.意為“寧愿……而不”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中只能用動(dòng)名詞。

30 她通常星期天去買東西。

誤  She usually goes to shopping on Sunday.

正  She usually goes shopping on Sunday.

評(píng)  “go+動(dòng)名詞”是一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法,意為“從事某種活動(dòng)或運(yùn)動(dòng)”。

31 他不讓孩子們?cè)诤永镉斡尽?/b>

誤  He stopped the children to swim in the river.

正  He stopped the children (from) swimming in the river.

評(píng)  stop sb. from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”,from可省,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可用不定式。

32 我們每逢星期日都在公園玩得很愉快。

誤  We have got a good time in the park on Sundays.

正  We have a good time in the park on Sundays.

評(píng)  在口語中,常用have got代替have。

33 她聽到他的話不禁大笑起來。

誤  She couldn't help to laugh when she heard his words.

正  She couldn't help laughing when she heard his words.

評(píng)  can't help doing sth.意為“忍不?。挥傻米瞿呈隆保蟾鷦?dòng)名詞,不跟不定式。

34 學(xué)生們正忙著復(fù)習(xí)功課。

誤  The students are busy to review their lessons.

正  The students are busy reviewing their lessons.

評(píng)  be busy doing sth.意為“忙于做某事”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可用不定式。

35 他完全有能力做這件事。

誤  He is quite capable to do it.

正  He is quite capable of doing it.

評(píng)  capable of doing sth.意為“有能力做某事”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)不可用不定式。

36 雨接連下了一個(gè)星期。

誤  It kept to rain for a week.

正  It kept raining for a week.

評(píng)  keep doing sth.表示“一直在……,老是在……”。

37 你想喝一杯茶嗎?

誤  Do you feel like to have a cup of tea?

正  Do you feel like having a cup of tea?

評(píng)  feel like意為“想要”,較口語化,后只能接動(dòng)名詞,不可接不定式。

38 他是團(tuán)員嗎?—是的,他是。

誤  Is he a League member? —Yes, he's .

正  Is he a League member? —Yes, he is .

評(píng)  作主語的he/she/it可同is縮寫為he's/she's/it's。

39 這是一支紅鉛筆,那是一支藍(lán)鉛筆。

誤  This's a red pencil and that's a blue one.

正  This is a red pencil and that's a blue one.

評(píng)  that is可縮寫為that's,但this is不可縮寫為this's。

40 她避而不見他。

誤  She avoided to see him.

正  She avoided seeing him.

評(píng)  avoid后接動(dòng)名詞,不接不定式。

41 我不是教師。

誤  I amn't a teacher.

正  I'm not a teacher.

評(píng)  I am not不可縮寫成I amn't,但可以寫成I'm not。

42 我今天已經(jīng)讀了10頁。

誤  I read ten pages today.

正  I have read ten pages today.

評(píng)  今天尚未過去,包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi),表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)完成的事,故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

43 我已寫完了那封信。

誤  I have finished to write the letter.

正  I have finished writing the letter.

評(píng)  finish doing sth.為正確用法,不可接不定式。也可說finish with sth.,意為“用完某物,不再使用某物”。

44 他否認(rèn)拿了錢包。

誤  He denied to take the wallet.

正  He denied taking the wallet.

評(píng)  deny doing sth.為正確結(jié)構(gòu),不跟不定式。

45 請(qǐng)你把這個(gè)單詞再讀一遍。

誤  Please you read the word again.

正  Please read the word again.

評(píng)  祈使句中please后,通常省略主語you。

46 規(guī)則禁止在這里抽煙。

誤  The rules forbid to smoke here.

正  The rules forbid smoking here.

評(píng)  forbid doing sth.為正確結(jié)構(gòu),不跟不定式。

47 他喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎?

誤  Does he likes sports?

正  Does he like sports?

48 桌子上有一部收音機(jī)和幾本書。

誤  There are a radio and some books on the desk.

正  There is a radio and some books on the desk.

評(píng)  There be結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上時(shí),be動(dòng)詞的形式同第一個(gè)主語一致。

49 那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩是瑪麗。

誤  The girl in the red is Mary.

正  The girl in red is Mary.

評(píng)  in red意為“穿著紅衣服”,為慣用短語,可作表語或后置定語。

50 打開門你介意嗎?

誤  Would you mind to open the door?

正  Would you mind opening the door?

評(píng)  mind后用動(dòng)名詞,不跟不定式。

51 我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。

正  I think you are not right.

正  I don't think you are right.(更佳 )

評(píng)  think后的賓語從句表示否定時(shí),通常把對(duì)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對(duì)think的否定。

52 你每天12點(diǎn)鐘吃午飯嗎?

誤  Have you lunch at twelve every day?

正  Do you have lunch at twelve every day?

評(píng)  have為行為動(dòng)詞,不作“有”解,其疑問句和否定句要用助動(dòng)詞do, does, did。

53 如果你愿意去游泳,我就帶你去。

誤  If you go swimming, I'll take you along.

正  If you will go swimming, I'll take you along.

評(píng)  這里的will不表示將來,而表示意愿,是will的一種用法。

54 我常在晚上做功課,李明也一樣。

誤  I often do my homework in the evening, and so Li Ming does .

正  I often do my homework in the evening, and so does Li Ming .

評(píng)  表示前一句的情況也適合另一人或物,常用“so+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”這一倒裝法表示。

55 我們昨天沒開會(huì)。

誤  We hadn't a meeting yesterday.

正  We didn't have a meeting yesterday.

評(píng)  have a meeting意為“開會(huì)”,have不表示“有”,構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句要用助動(dòng)詞do, does或did。

56 這消息令人激動(dòng)。

誤  The news is excited .

正  The news is exciting .

評(píng)  excited含被動(dòng)義。exciting含主動(dòng)義。

57 他直到11點(diǎn)鐘才睡覺。

誤  He went to bed until eleven o'clock.

正  He didn't go to bed until eleven o'clock.

評(píng)  如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是短暫性的,表示“直到……才”時(shí),該動(dòng)詞要用否定形式。

58 如果我明天有空,我將去拜訪她。

誤  I'll call on her if I shall have time tomorrow.

正  I'll call on her if I have time tomorrow.

評(píng)  if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句表示將來,要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示,不可用will或shall。

59 他現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)情況怎樣?

誤  How is he going with his study?

正  How is he getting on with his study?

評(píng)  How are you getting on with...?意為“你在……方面情況怎樣?”,為慣用句型。

60 她進(jìn)來時(shí)我正在看電視。

誤  I watched TV when she came in.

正  I was watching TV when she came in.

評(píng)  表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

61 公共汽車來了。

誤  There the bus comes .

正  There comes the bus.

評(píng)  以副詞there, here開頭的句子,如果后面的主語是名詞,要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。但如果主語是代詞,則不可倒裝。

62 我明天得去買東西。

誤  I'll have got to go shopping tomorrow.

正  I have got to go shopping tomorrow.

正  I have to go shopping tomorrow.

評(píng)  have got to意為“不得不,必須”,不可同助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。

63 他討厭說謊。

誤  He is hating telling lies.

正  He hates telling lies.

評(píng)  hate, love, like, own (擁有),belong (屬于)等表示情感、心理、擁有等的動(dòng)詞,通常不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

64 你什么時(shí)候聽到那個(gè)消息的?

誤  When have you heard the news?

正  When did you hear the news?

評(píng)  when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,其謂語動(dòng)詞一般不可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要用一般過去時(shí)。

65 工作一結(jié)束我就回家去。

誤  I'll go home as soon as I shall finish the work.

正  I'll go home as soon as I finish the work.

評(píng)  as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,表示將來時(shí),要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。

66 你最好去修一下你的表。

誤  You'd better have your watch repair .

正  You'd better have your watch repaired .

評(píng)  have sth. done表示“由別人做某事”或“遭遇某種不幸”。

67 事故發(fā)生在昨天夜里10點(diǎn)鐘。

誤  The accident was happened at ten last night.

正  The accident happened at ten last night.

評(píng)  happen以及take place(發(fā)生)為不及物動(dòng)詞,不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

68 不要靠近火。

誤  Not go near the fire.

正  Don't go near the fire.

正  Do not go near the fire.

評(píng)  祈使句的否定式要在動(dòng)詞原形前加Do not,或縮寫或Don't。

69 我3天前復(fù)習(xí)了功課。

誤  I have gone over my lessons three days ago.

正  I went over my lessons three days ago.

評(píng)  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可同表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語連用。

70 請(qǐng)叫湯姆打點(diǎn)水。

誤  Please tell Tom fetch some water.

正  Please tell Tom to fetch some water.

評(píng)  tell sb. to do sth.意為“叫某人做某事”,為正確結(jié)構(gòu)。

71 對(duì)不起,到書店的路怎么走?

誤  Sorry , which is the way to the bookstore?

正  Excuse me , which is the way to the bookstore?

評(píng)  sorry側(cè)重于因不能滿足對(duì)方的需求而表示歉意,或?qū)ψ鲥e(cuò)的事表示歉意。Excuse me用于問路,詢問對(duì)方情況,插話等場(chǎng)合。

72 工作按時(shí)完成了。

誤  The work finished on time.

正  The work was finished on time.

評(píng)  在英語中,只要主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者,通常都要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

73 這是你的小刀嗎?—是的。—給你吧。多謝。

誤  Is this your knife? —Yes, it is. —Give you . —Thanks a lot.

正  Is this your knife? —Yes, it is. —Here you are . —Thanks a lot.

評(píng)  給別人某種東西,或別人向你借東西,你說“給你吧”,要用Here you are.

74 會(huì)議于上午8點(diǎn)開始。

誤  The meeting began at a.m. 8 .

正  The meeting began at 8 a.m.

評(píng)  a.m.表示“上午”,p.m.表示“下午”,在句中可大寫或小寫,但要放在具體時(shí)間之后。

75 她母親會(huì)做鞋子。

誤  Her mother can do shoes.

正  Her mother can make shoes.

評(píng)  do表示做事或做某項(xiàng)工作,make表示“制造,做”某種東西。

76 你要吃點(diǎn)什么嗎?

誤  Do you like something to eat?

正  Would you like something to eat?

評(píng)  Would you like...?表示“想要,愿意”,用于提出要求或愿意提供幫助,語氣較婉轉(zhuǎn)。Do you like...?表示“你喜歡……嗎?”,問某人是否喜歡。

77 什么也沒剩下,所有的東西都丟了。

誤  Nothing is left; all are lost.

正  Nothing is left; all is lost.

評(píng)  all用作代詞,指事物,表示“一切東西,所有東西”時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。all表示“人人,所有人”時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

78 謝謝你的幫助?!獩]關(guān)系。/別客氣。

誤  Thank you for your help.— Never mind ./It doesn't matter .

正  Thank you for your help.— Not at all .

評(píng)  回答別人的感謝,要用Not at all。當(dāng)別人向你表示歉意時(shí),常用Never mind.或It doesn't matter.作答。

79 先生,你想要什么?—要一件上衣。

誤  What do you want , sir?—A coat.

正  What can I do for you , sir?—A coat.

評(píng)  售貨員問顧客“你需要什么,你買什么”,常說What can I do for you?也可說Can I help you?

80 動(dòng)不動(dòng)就生氣是沒有好處的。

正  It's no good to get angry at once.

正  It's no good getting angry at once.

評(píng)  It's no good/use后跟動(dòng)名詞,表示泛指的、一般的情況,這種結(jié)構(gòu)后也可跟不定式,表示某一具體情況。

81 月亮將在8點(diǎn)鐘左右升起。

誤  The moon is going to rise around eight o'clock.

正  The moon will rise around eight o'clock.

82 她明天將飛往北京。

誤  She will fly to Beijing by air tomorrow.

正  She will fly to Beijing tomorrow.

評(píng)  fly to已表示“飛往某地”,再用by air就重復(fù)了。

83 這是我第一次看到這種鳥。

誤  It's the first time that I see this kind of bird.

正  It's the first time that I have seen this kind of bird.

評(píng)  在It's the first/second... time that...句型中,that后的從句一般要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。

84 他已不再吸煙了。

誤  He has given up to smoke .

正  He has given up smoking .

評(píng)  give up意為“放棄,停止”,后跟動(dòng)名詞,不跟不定式。

85 我們休息一下好嗎?—行。

誤  Shall we have a rest?—Yes, we shall .

正  Shall we have a rest?—All right .

評(píng)  回答Shall we...?常用All right.或Yes, let's...,否定回答用No, let's not.或No, I don't think we shall.回答Shall I...?要說Yes, please.否定回答用Please don't.或No, thanks.

86 你把花澆一下好嗎?

誤  Are you going to water the flowers?

正  Will you water the flowers?

評(píng)  表示客氣的請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)時(shí),常用will或would。

87 他做這項(xiàng)工作有困難。

誤  He had difficulty to do the work.

正  He had difficulty in doing the work.

評(píng)  have difficulty in sth./doing sth.表示“在……方面有困難”,不可接不定式。

88 老師叫我把課文再讀一遍。

誤  The teacher called me to read the text again.

正  The teacher asked me to read the text again.

評(píng)  call意為“叫喊,呼叫”。ask sb. to do sth.表示“叫/請(qǐng)某人做某事”。

89 瑪麗出生在中國嗎?

誤  Did Mary born in China?

正  Was Mary born in China?

評(píng)  “出生于”要說be born in,born是bear(出生)的過去分詞。

90 她昨天可能已經(jīng)走了。

誤  She may go yesterday.

誤  She might go yesterday.

正  She might have gone yesterday.

評(píng)  對(duì)過去行為的推測(cè),要用may/might have done,表示“可能已經(jīng)……”。另外,must have done表示“肯定已經(jīng)……”,can/could have done表示“可能已經(jīng)……”。

91 我有幸見到那位著名科學(xué)家。

誤  I had the pleasure to see the famous scientist.

正  I had the pleasure of seeing the famous scientist.

評(píng)  have the pleasure of sth./doing sth.表示“有幸,榮幸地”,后不可跟不定式。

92 天黑了,請(qǐng)打開燈。

誤  It is getting dark. Please open the light.

正  It is getting dark. Please turn on the light.

評(píng)  表示“開燈,開收音機(jī),開電視機(jī)”要用turn on,表示“關(guān)掉”(燈,收音機(jī),電視機(jī))用turn off。表示“開門,開窗,打開書”要用open。

93 這里常下雨,是嗎?

誤  It often rains here, isn't it?

正  It often rains here, doesn't it?

評(píng)  反意疑問句中,簡(jiǎn)短問句的謂語形式要同前面句中的謂語形式一致。

94 她每天練習(xí)說英語。

誤  She practises to speak English every day.

正  She practises speaking English every day.

評(píng)  practise意為“練習(xí)”,后跟動(dòng)名詞,不跟不定式。

95 請(qǐng)吃點(diǎn)水果。

誤  Please eat some fruit.

正  Help yourself to some fruit.

評(píng)  對(duì)客人說“請(qǐng)(隨意)吃……”,在英語中要說help oneself to sth.。

96 人們??匆娝诤吷⒉?。

誤  He is often seen take a walk along the lake.

正  He is often seen to take a walk along the lake.

評(píng)  在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中,不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)要帶to。

97 你明天來時(shí)給我?guī)c(diǎn)茶葉來。

誤  Take me some tea when you come tomorrow.

正  Bring me some tea when you come tomorrow.

98 我正在考慮買一輛自行車。

誤  I'm considering to buy a bike.

正  I'm considering buying a bike.

評(píng)  consider后跟動(dòng)名詞,不可跟不定式。

99 我把詞典忘在教室里了。

誤  I forgot my dictionary in the classroom.

正  I left my dictionary in the classroom.

評(píng)  表示“把某物忘/丟在某處”要用“l(fā)eave+sth.+地點(diǎn)”。forget只表示“忘記”某物、某人、某事,不同地點(diǎn)狀語連用。

100 他是3天前,也就是4月8日離開家的。

誤  He left home three days ago, that was to say , on April 8.

正  He left home three days ago, that is to say , on April 8.

評(píng)  that is to say/that's to say/that is表示“也就是說,換句話說”,為固定短語,作插入語時(shí)態(tài)永遠(yuǎn)不變,只用is。

101 我希望她不久就回來。

誤  I wish she will be back soon.

正  I hope she will be back soon.

評(píng)  wish表示不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,后面的從句要用虛擬語氣。hope則表示有把握實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望。

102 因?yàn)樗ぷ鳎阅軌虬磿r(shí)完成任務(wù)。

誤  He could finish the work on time because he worked hard.

正  He was able to finish the work on time because he worked hard.

評(píng)  表示“設(shè)法完成,設(shè)法辦成”時(shí),要用be able to。

103 他的名字叫杰克。

誤  His name is called Jack .

正  His name is Jack .

正  He is called Jack .

評(píng)  “某人名叫,(把)某人叫做”在英語中可用call或name。用call時(shí),主語必須是人,name不可用作call的賓語。

104 他夢(mèng)想成為一名作家。

誤  He dreamed to become a writer.

正  He dreamed of becoming a writer.

評(píng)  要說dream of doing sth.,不說dream to do sth.。

105 她趕上了開往南京的火車。

誤  She caught up with the train for Nanjing.

正  She caught the train for Nanjing.

評(píng)  表示“趕上車、船”等,要用catch,反義詞為miss (沒趕上)。

106 一輛公共汽車剛剛開過去。

誤  A bus past by just a moment ago.

正  A bus passed by just a moment ago.

評(píng)  past作介詞,意為“(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等)過”。pass作動(dòng)詞,意為“經(jīng)過,穿過,路過”。

107 I can't wait to see her again.的含義

誤  我不能等待再見到她。

正  我急切想再次見到她。

評(píng)  “can not wait +不定式”表示“迫不及待要做某事”,為習(xí)慣用法。

108 我將對(duì)他講這件事。

誤  I'll speak him about it.

正  I'll speak to him about it.

評(píng)  “對(duì)某人說”要用speak to sb., “同某人交談”要說speak with sb.。

109 他昨天下午到達(dá)上海的。

誤  He arrived Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正  He arrived in Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正  He reached Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正  He got to Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

評(píng)  “到達(dá)”可用reach, arrive in/at, get to表示,但只有reach為及物動(dòng)詞,后可直接跟賓語。

110 他沒有電視機(jī)。

誤  He doesn't have got a radio.

正  He doesn't have a radio.

111 老師指著墻上的地圖。

誤  The teacher points the map on the wall.

正  The teacher points at the map on the wall.

評(píng)  point at表示“指著,指點(diǎn)”,point out意為“指出,指示”。

112 這座城市建于1 000多年前。

誤  The city was found one thousand years ago.

正  The city was founded one thousand years ago.

113 請(qǐng)叫警察來。

誤  Go for the police, please.

正  Send for the police, please.

評(píng)  go for表示“自己去請(qǐng)”。send for表示“派人去請(qǐng)”。

114 他沒有回答她的問題。

誤  He didn't reply her question.

正  He didn't reply to her question.

評(píng)  reply表示回答問題或回信時(shí),為不及物動(dòng)詞,要同to連用。

115 她藥吃得太多了。

誤  She eats too much medicine.

正  She takes too much medicine.

正  She has too much medicine.

評(píng)  “吃藥”不可說eat medicine,要說take medicine或have medicine。

116 他感冒已經(jīng)一周了。

誤  He has caught a cold for a week.

正  He has had a cold for a week.

評(píng)  catch a cold (感冒)和catch a fever (發(fā)燒)中的catch為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,不可同表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,而have a cold和have a fever則可以。

117 老師說光比聲音傳播得快。

誤  The teacher said that light travelled faster than sound.

正  The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.

評(píng)  如果賓語從句講的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象,其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

118 他有許多工作要做。

誤  He has plenty work to do.

正  He has plenty of work to do.

評(píng)  plenty是名詞,不可作定語,要用plenty of修飾名詞。

119 他將在這里住兩天。

誤  He will live here for two days.

正  He will stay here for two days.

評(píng)  live指“住在某處,長(zhǎng)期居住”。stay表示“短期逗留”。

120 那個(gè)男孩要更多的食物。

誤  The boy asked more food.

正  The boy asked for more food.

評(píng)  “要某物”要說ask for sth.。

121 這位老人得到了很好的照顧。

誤  The old man is well taken care .

正  The old man is well taken care of .

評(píng)  take care of意為“照顧”,為固定短語,of不可漏缺。

122 我能借用一下你的房間嗎?

誤  Can I borrow your room?

正  Can I use your room?

評(píng)  use通常用于不能拿走的東西,borrow通常指可以拿走的東西。

123 他騎上自行車回家了。

誤  He rode his bike and went home.

正  He got on his bike and went home.

評(píng)  ride (騎)表示的是持續(xù)動(dòng)作,get on才表示一個(gè)短暫或瞬間的動(dòng)作。

124 他已經(jīng)找到了一所房子居住。

誤  He has found a house to live .

正  He has found a house to live in .

評(píng)  live表示“居住,住”時(shí),為不及物動(dòng)詞,要用live in同house構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

125 他們沒有休息,繼續(xù)植樹。

誤  They didn't have a rest and went on to plant trees.

正  They didn't have a rest and went on planting trees.

評(píng)  go on doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做一直做的事”,而go on to do sth.則表示“(做完一件事)接著做另一件事”。

126 你來參加我們的英語晚會(huì)嗎?

誤  Do you like to come to our English evening?

正  Do you want to come to our English evening?

正  Would you like to come to our English evening?

評(píng)  Do you like to...?問某人是否喜歡做某事,指某種習(xí)慣。Do you want to...?和Would you like to...?問某人是否愿意做某事。

127 盒子掉在地上,裂開了。

誤  The box fell on the floor and was broke open.

正  The box fell on the floor and broke open.

評(píng)  break表示“破裂,破碎”時(shí),為不及物動(dòng)詞。break也可作及物動(dòng)詞,表示“打破,打碎”。

128 公共汽車來了。

誤  Here came the bus.

正  Here comes the bus.

評(píng)  本句中的“來了”,指的是“來的動(dòng)作”,不表示時(shí)間,要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

129 我昨晚做了一個(gè)怪夢(mèng)。

誤  I made a strange dream last night.

正  I had a strange dream last night.

評(píng)  “做夢(mèng)”要說have a dream或dream a dream。

130 那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)幾時(shí)爆發(fā)的?

誤  When was the war broken out ?

正  When did the war break out ?

評(píng)  break out意為“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)”,不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

131 你得準(zhǔn)備好動(dòng)身了。

誤  You must get ready for leave .

正  You must get ready to leave .

評(píng)  get ready to do sth.或get ready for (doing) sth.均為正確結(jié)構(gòu)。

132 鐘剛打過點(diǎn)。

誤  The clock just struck .

正  The clock has just struck .

評(píng)  漢語中的“剛剛”,表示最近的過去,英語中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

133 剛才誰來了?

誤  Who did come just now?

正  Who came just now?

評(píng)  who, what作主語構(gòu)成的特殊疑問句,后直接跟謂語動(dòng)詞,不用do, does, did等助動(dòng)詞。但如果who, what在問句中作賓語,則要有助動(dòng)詞。如:What did he say to you?(他對(duì)你說了什么?)

134 學(xué)生們每天做作業(yè)嗎?

誤  Do the students their homework every day?

正  Do the students do their homework every day?

評(píng)  do one's homework中的do為行為動(dòng)詞,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)疑問句要用do或does提問,do不可漏缺。

135 你最好不要把消息告訴他。

誤  You hadn't better tell him the news.

正  You had better not tell him the news.

評(píng)  had better do sth.意為“最好做某事”,其否定式為had better not do sth. (最好不做某事)。


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