[沖刺中考]英語(yǔ)閱讀與填空：20-Monday 消毒法 245詞

20-Monday 消毒法 245詞

題材： 消毒法　 詞數(shù)： 245　 建議閱讀時(shí)間： 5分鐘

閱讀下面的短文，判斷正（T）誤（F）。

Take a look at the label on almost any bottle of milk and you may see the word PASTEURIZED．What does that mean？Let's find out by meeting Louis Pasteur．

Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in a little town in France．As he grew up，he loved to paint．He loved to look at the world around him．When he went to college in Paris，he showed interest in looking through a microscope．A microscope makes things look a lot bigger； it lets you see things you can't see just with your eyes．Looking through a microscope，Pasteur found a living world in a drop of water．He saw and drew pictures of the small living things—he called them“Microbes”or“germs”—that crowded in a drop of water．

One day a winemaker came into the lab，hoping that someone could help him with his problem．“Sometimes my wine tastes delicious，but sometimes terrible，”he said to Pasteur．“Can you help me find out why？”

Pasteur put some drops of the wine under the microscope．He noticed that the terrible wine had some unusual germs．If he killed these germs，maybe he could keep the wine from turning terrible．He tried with different ways to kill the germs．In the end he found heating the wine seemed to work best．The winemaker tried it，and every bottle of wine tasted good．

Pasteur's idea worked for other people，too．When farmers heated milk，it didn't turn bad so quickly．When breweries （啤酒廠） heated beer，it tasted better．People called it“pasteurization”—heating a liquid to kill bad germs．Aren't you glad that the milk you drink has been pasteurized？

生詞

pasteurized　adj． 經(jīng)過(guò)巴斯德氏消毒法消毒的

microscope　n． 顯微鏡：This is a section of a potato as seen through a microscope．這是一個(gè)通過(guò)顯微鏡觀察到的馬鈴薯的剖面。

1．Pasteur received college education in Paris．

2．Microbes were found by Louis Pasteur with the help of a microscope．

3．Germs only live in something that is bad．

4．Louis found the way to kill the unusual germs in the wine by chance．

5．Everybody knows what the word PASTEURIZED means．

6．Pasteurization is used to kill bad germs in the milk we drink．

參考譯文

看看牛奶瓶上的商標(biāo)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)絕大多數(shù)瓶子上都有“已經(jīng)過(guò)巴氏消毒法消毒”的字樣。這是什么意思呢？讓我們通過(guò)認(rèn)識(shí)路易斯·巴斯德來(lái)找到答案吧。

路易斯·巴斯德于1822年生于法國(guó)的一座小城。在成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，他愛(ài)上了繪畫。他喜歡觀察周圍的世界。當(dāng)他來(lái)到巴黎上大學(xué)時(shí)，他顯示出了通過(guò)顯微鏡觀察微觀世界的興趣。顯微鏡可以使物體看起來(lái)大許多；它能使你看到僅憑雙眼無(wú)法看到的東西。通過(guò)顯微鏡的觀察，巴斯德發(fā)現(xiàn)了一滴水中的生物世界。他把看到的水滴中大量存在的微小生命畫了下來(lái)，并稱之為細(xì)菌。

一天，一位釀酒商走進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，希望有人能幫他解決他的困擾?！坝袝r(shí)候我的酒味道很好，有時(shí)候卻會(huì)變質(zhì)，”他對(duì)巴斯德說(shuō)，“你能幫我找到原因嗎？”

巴斯德把幾滴酒放到顯微鏡下。他注意到變質(zhì)的酒中有某些罕見(jiàn)的細(xì)菌。如果殺死這些細(xì)菌，也許能保證酒不變質(zhì)。他嘗試了各種方法來(lái)殺死細(xì)菌。最后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)給酒加熱似乎最有效。釀酒商試用了這種方法，每瓶酒味道都變得很好。

巴斯德的創(chuàng)意也啟發(fā)了其他人。當(dāng)農(nóng)民加熱牛奶后，牛奶不會(huì)很快變質(zhì)。當(dāng)啤酒廠加熱啤酒后，啤酒的味道更好了。人們把這種方法叫做“巴氏消毒法”，也就是給一種液體加熱以殺死有害細(xì)菌的方法。當(dāng)你知道你喝的牛奶已經(jīng)過(guò)巴氏消毒法消毒，難道你不會(huì)高興嗎？

參考答案

Monday 1．T　2．T　3．F　4．F　5．F　6．T