1.與格動(dòng)詞或稱授與動(dòng)詞是需要兩個(gè)賓語的完全及物動(dòng)詞。通常其中指事物的稱為直接賓語,指人的稱為間接賓語。
2.由與格動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的句型主要有兩種,通?？梢韵嗷マD(zhuǎn)換。
句型1:主語+與格動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語
句型2:主語+與格動(dòng)詞+直接賓語+介系詞+間接賓語。
I am writing my cousin a letter.
I am writing a letter to my cousin.
我正在給我表姊寫信。
my cousin是間接賓語,指動(dòng)作發(fā)出的對(duì)象,用賓格;a letter是直接賓語,是動(dòng)作wrote的接受者。
She had ever taught me English before she went study
abroad.
她出國(guó)前曾教過我英語。
me是間接賓語,指動(dòng)作發(fā)出的對(duì)象,用賓格;English是直接賓語,是動(dòng)作taught的接受者。
My mother bought me some interesting English learning VCDs.
我媽媽給我買了一些英語學(xué)習(xí)的光盤!
bought是與格動(dòng)詞,后接間接賓語me和直接賓語some interesting English learning vcds。
You had better leave your parents a note.
You had better leave a note to your parents.
你最好給你父母留張便條兒。
leave是與格動(dòng)詞,后接間接賓語your parents和直接賓語a note。
He bought his wife a diamond necklace yesterday.
He bought a diamond necklace for his wife yesterday.
他昨天給他妻子買了一條鉆石項(xiàng)鏈。
bought是與格動(dòng)詞,后接間接賓語his wife和直接賓語 a diamond necklace。
He flew me a kiss when I said hello to him.
我向他打招呼時(shí),他給了我一個(gè)飛吻。
His relations were very sympathetic towards him, but did not offer him any financial help.
他的親戚們非常同情他,但沒有給他任何經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。
Mr. Lee gave his son a good ticking-off because he had been staying out too late at night.
李先生因?yàn)閮鹤油砩显谕饷嬉恢贝舻胶芡矶莺葚?zé)備了他一頓。
His father allows him a hundred dollars a week for his pocket money.
他的父親每星期給他一百元作為零用錢。
This book will save you a great deal of trouble and time.
這本書將省去你許多麻煩和時(shí)間。
He taught me how to improve my English.
他教我如何使我的英語有進(jìn)步。
I will tell them the reason of my leaving and the time of my return.
好。我要告訴他們我出去的原因和我回家的時(shí)間。
tell是與格動(dòng)詞,后接間接賓語them和直接賓語the reason of my leaving and the time of my return。
Don't tell her (that) I told you (that) she had told me.
不要告訴她我把她告訴我的告訴了你。
Ask him when he will come or whether he will come at all.
問問他什么時(shí)候來,或到底來不來。
I have to phone mom my late return.
我必須打電話告訴媽媽我晚回去。
leave是與格動(dòng)詞,后接間接賓語mom和直接賓語my late return。
3.有些與格動(dòng)詞可應(yīng)用于另外一種句型:主語+與格動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+介系詞+直接賓語。在這種句型中:介系詞及其后的直接賓語在句中對(duì)間接賓語起補(bǔ)述、修飾作用。
Or she will blame me for my unpunctuality.
否則她要責(zé)備我不守時(shí)了。
此處介系詞for及其后的直接賓語my unpunctuality對(duì)間接賓語 me起補(bǔ)述修飾作用。
He blamed her for her greediness.
他責(zé)罵她的貪婪。
此處介系詞for及其后的直接賓語her greediness對(duì)間接受詞 her起補(bǔ)述修飾作用。
