卡塔爾2022年將成為史上最具爭議的世界杯？

Ignoring the question of how and when to organize for the moment, the privacy of visitors at the World Cup is a topic of recent discussion.
暫時(shí)忽略了如何以及何時(shí)組織的問題，參觀者在參加世界杯時(shí)的隱私是最近討論的話題。
 
Those traveling to Qatar for the FIFA World Cup must download and install two mobile apps, Ehteraz and Hayya. Both apps are available on the Apple App Store and Google Play Store.
那些前往卡塔爾參加 FIFA 世界杯的人必須下載并安裝兩個(gè)移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序，Ehteraz 和 Hayya。這兩款應(yīng)用都可以在 Apple App Store 和 Google Play Store 上找到。
 
Ehteraz is the must-have Covid-19 tracking app for everyone over the age of 18. At the same time, Hayya allows tourists to follow the schedule of football matches and use Qatar's subway transportation system for free. While they seem like useful tools, these two apps pose a number of privacy risks.
Ehteraz 是適用于 18 歲以上所有人的必備 Covid-19 跟蹤應(yīng)用程序。與此同時(shí)，Hayya 允許游客按照足球賽事的日程安排并免費(fèi)使用卡塔爾的地鐵交通系統(tǒng)。雖然它們似乎是有用的工具，但這兩個(gè)應(yīng)用程序帶來了許多隱私風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Etheraz has the ability to read and wipe phone content, connect to WiFi and Bluetooth networks, prevent phone from going to sleep, even access location and disable screen lock.
 
Etheraz 具有讀取和擦除手機(jī)內(nèi)容、連接 WiFi 和藍(lán)牙網(wǎng)絡(luò)、防止手機(jī)進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)、甚至訪問位置和禁用屏幕鎖定的能力。

While Hayya may seem a little less annoying than Etheraz, it also requires access to location, sharing personal information without restrictions.
雖然 Hayya 似乎少了一些可能比 Etheraz 更煩人，它還需要訪問位置，不受限制地共享個(gè)人信息。
 
Øyvind Vasaasen - Director of Security at Norwegian broadcaster Norsk Rikskringkasting AS (NRK) has warned about these apps. "It's not my job to give travel advice, but personally, I would never take my phone with me when visiting Qatar," Vasassan said.
Øyvind Vasaasen - 挪威廣播公司 Norsk Rikskringkasting AS (NRK) 的安全總監(jiān)已就這些應(yīng)用程序發(fā)出警告。瓦薩森說：“我的工作不是提供旅行建議，但就個(gè)人而言，我絕不會(huì)在訪問卡塔爾時(shí)隨身攜帶手機(jī)。”
通過下載這兩個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，用戶默認(rèn)接受使用條款中列出的條款?；旧?，游客將手機(jī)中的所有信息都交給了當(dāng)局。用戶賦予控制應(yīng)用程序的人員讀取和更改內(nèi)容以及編輯信息的能力。
"They also have the ability to get information from other applications, and if they have the ability to do so, we believe they can," Vasaasen warns.
“他們也有能力從其他應(yīng)用程序獲取信息，如果他們有能力這樣做，我們相信他們可以，”Vasaasen 警告說。
 
Bruce Schneier - American computer security expert, lecturer at Harvard Kennedy School and board member of the non-profit Electronic Frontier Foundation - agreed with Vasaasen. Schneier was quoted by Spiceworks on October 20: "Everyone who goes to Qatar to watch the World Cup needs to have spyware installed on their phone.
Bruce Schneier - 美國計(jì)算機(jī)安全專家、哈佛肯尼迪學(xué)院講師和非營利性電子前沿基金會(huì)的董事會(huì)成員 - 也表示同意 Vasaasen。 Spiceworks 在 10 月 20 日引用 Schneier 的話：“每個(gè)到卡塔爾觀看世界杯的人都需要在手機(jī)上安裝間諜軟件。
 
In principle, these applications are required for everyone entering the country. So it's not just for fans, but also football players, technicians, members of the media and other stakeholders. It's unclear to what extent downloading Ehteraz and Hayya is mandatory.
原則上，所有進(jìn)入該國的人都需要這些申請(qǐng)。因此，它不僅適用于球迷，也適用于足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員、技術(shù)人員、媒體成員和其他利益相關(guān)者。目前還不清楚下載 Ehteraz 和 Hayya 到何種程度是強(qiáng)制性的。
Qatar has previously come under scrutiny for its human rights record, including preparations for the biggest sporting event on the planet. The Middle Eastern country also has strict rules (though some have been relaxed for the FIFA World Cup), and non-compliance can result in violators being sentenced to up to three months in prison and a maximum three-month fine of $2,750.
卡塔爾此前曾因其人權(quán)記錄而受到審查，包括為地球上最大的體育賽事做準(zhǔn)備。這個(gè)中東國家也有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定（雖然有些已經(jīng)為 FIFA 世界杯放寬了），不遵守可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致違規(guī)者被判處最高三個(gè)月的監(jiān)禁和最高三個(gè)月的罰款 2,750 美元。
 
Qatar citizens are required to wear modest clothing covering shoulders and knees in their daily life, not to smoke or drink in public places, and to abide by a strict policy on LGBT and unmarried heterosexual couples. kiss,...
卡塔爾公民在日常生活中必須穿著遮蓋肩膀和膝蓋的樸素服裝，不得在公共場所吸煙或飲酒，遵守對(duì) LGBT 和未婚異性伴侶的嚴(yán)格政策。親吻，...