2022年11月02日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：世界衛(wèi)生組織：結(jié)核病感染全球更多人

 
A recent report by the World Health Organization (WHO) says the number of people infected with tuberculosis increased worldwide.
世界衛(wèi)生組織 (WHO) 最近的一份報(bào)告稱，全世界感染結(jié)核病的人數(shù)有所增加。
 
The United Nations health agency said more than 10 million people around the world became sick with tuberculosis (TB) in 2021. That is a 4.5 percent increase from the year before. About 1.6 million people died, WHO said. It added that about 450,000 cases involved people infected with drug-resistant TB, 3 percent more than in 2020.
聯(lián)合國(guó)衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)表示，2021 年全球有超過 1000 萬(wàn)人患上肺結(jié)核 (TB)。這比前一年增加了 4.5%。世衛(wèi)組織稱，約有 160 萬(wàn)人死亡。它補(bǔ)充說，約有 450,000 例病例涉及感染耐藥結(jié)核病的人，比 2020 年增加 3%。
 
Dr. Mel Spigelman is president of the non-profit group TB Alliance. Spigelman said more than 10 years of progress was lost when COVID-19 appeared in 2020.
Mel Spigelman 博士是非營(yíng)利組織 TB Alliance 的總裁。Spigelman 說，當(dāng) 2020 年出現(xiàn) COVID-19 時(shí)，10 多年的進(jìn)步就消失了。
 
He said that although there were gains in some areas "we are still behind in just about every...goal regarding TB."
他說，盡管在某些領(lǐng)域取得了進(jìn)展，“我們?cè)趲缀趺恳粋€(gè)……關(guān)于結(jié)核病的目標(biāo)上仍然落后。”
 
WHO also blamed COVID-19 for much of the rise in TB, saying the pandemic "continues to have a damaging" effect "on access to TB diagnosis and treatment." It said progress made before 2019 has since slowed, stopped, or moved back.
世衛(wèi)組織還指責(zé) COVID-19 是導(dǎo)致結(jié)核病發(fā)病率上升的主要原因，稱這種流行病“繼續(xù)對(duì)“獲得結(jié)核病診斷和治療的機(jī)會(huì)”產(chǎn)生破壞性影響。它表示，2019 年之前取得的進(jìn)展已經(jīng)放緩、停止或倒退。
 
With fewer people being diagnosed with the highly infectious disease, more patients unknowingly spread tuberculosis.
隨著越來越少的人被診斷出患有這種高度傳染性疾病，越來越多的患者在不知不覺中傳播了結(jié)核病。
 
WHO also said COVID-19 restrictions, including lockdowns and physical distancing, also limited TB treatment services. Such restrictions may have caused some people to not go to health centers for fear of catching coronavirus.
世衛(wèi)組織還表示，包括封鎖和身體距離在內(nèi)的 COVID-19 限制也限制了結(jié)核病治療服務(wù)。此類限制可能導(dǎo)致一些人因害怕感染冠狀病毒而不去衛(wèi)生中心。
 
Officials added that issues in the global economy also caused problems. About half of all TB patients and their families face high costs for their treatments. WHO called for more countries to cover all TB diagnosis and treatment costs.
官員們補(bǔ)充說，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的問題也造成了問題。大約一半的結(jié)核病患者及其家人面臨高昂的治療費(fèi)用。世衛(wèi)組織呼吁更多國(guó)家承擔(dān)所有結(jié)核病診斷和治療費(fèi)用。
 
After COVID-19, TB is the world's deadliest infectious disease. It is caused by bacteria that usually affect the lungs. The germs are mostly spread from person to person in the air, such as when an infected person coughs.
在 COVID-19 之后，結(jié)核病是世界上最致命的傳染病。它是由通常影響肺部的細(xì)菌引起的。細(xì)菌主要通過空氣在人與人之間傳播，例如當(dāng)感染者咳嗽時(shí)。
 
TB mostly affects adults, especially those who do not have enough food or have other health conditions like HIV. More than 95 percent of TB cases are in developing countries.
結(jié)核病主要影響成年人，尤其是那些沒有足夠食物或有其他健康狀況（如艾滋病毒）的人。超過 95% 的結(jié)核病病例發(fā)生在發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
 
A WHO report said only one in three people with drug-resistant TB are receiving treatment.
世界衛(wèi)生組織的一份報(bào)告稱，只有三分之一的耐藥結(jié)核病患者正在接受治療。
 
Dr. Hannah Spencer is with Doctors Without Borders in South Africa. Spencer said, "Drug-resistant TB is curable, but alarmingly, cases are on the rise for the first time in years." She added, "It's urgent that shorter, safer and more effective treatments are scaled up now."
Hannah Spencer 博士在南非的無國(guó)界醫(yī)生組織工作。斯賓塞說：“耐藥結(jié)核病是可以治愈的，但令人擔(dān)憂的是，病例數(shù)多年來首次出現(xiàn)上升。” 她補(bǔ)充說，“現(xiàn)在迫切需要擴(kuò)大更短、更安全、更有效的治療方法。”
 
Spencer called for lowering the price of TB treatments so a complete treatment costs no more than $500.
斯賓塞呼吁降低結(jié)核病治療的價(jià)格，以便完整的治療費(fèi)用不超過 500 美元。
 
WHO also said conflicts in Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East have worsened the choices for patients seeking TB diagnosis and treatment.
世衛(wèi)組織還表示，東歐、非洲和中東的沖突惡化了尋求結(jié)核病診斷和治療的患者的選擇。
 
 
Ukraine had one of the world's worst TB epidemics even before Russia invaded the country in February. Health experts fear the inability of patients to get treated could fuel the rise of more drug-resistant TB across Ukraine and surrounding countries.
甚至在俄羅斯于 2 月入侵該國(guó)之前，烏克蘭就已成為世界上最嚴(yán)重的結(jié)核病流行病之一。衛(wèi)生專家擔(dān)心，患者無法接受治療可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多耐藥結(jié)核病在烏克蘭和周邊國(guó)家出現(xiàn)。
 
While TB patients can seek care in Ukraine, the country has seen a shortage of important medicines. Officials also have a hard time following the progress of patients.
雖然結(jié)核病患者可以在烏克蘭尋求治療，但該國(guó)的重要藥物短缺。官員們也很難跟蹤患者的進(jìn)展。