葛蘭素史克擬大幅削減發(fā)展中國(guó)家藥價(jià)

GlaxoSmithKline is to cut signi­ficantly the prices of its medicine in emerging economies next spring.

英國(guó)制藥公司葛蘭素史克（GlaxoSmithKline，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)GSK）明年春季將大幅削減其藥品在新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的售價(jià)。

“My preference is not a high price and 100 units of profit for 100 patients, but to drop the price and make 100 of profit from 500 patients,” Abbas Hussain, head of emerging markets at the UK pharmaceuticals company, said. “We fundamentally believe access for more of the masses is the way to go.”

GSK新興市場(chǎng)總裁阿巴斯•侯賽因(Abbas Hussain)表示：“相比實(shí)行高藥價(jià)，從100名患者那里獲得100個(gè)單位的利潤(rùn)，我更傾向于降價(jià)，從500名患者那里獲得100個(gè)單位的利潤(rùn)。我們從根本上相信，讓更多民眾買(mǎi)得起藥是未來(lái)的出路。”

The reductions – expected to reduce prices in most developing countries to below two-thirds of western prices – reflect intensifying efforts by drug companies to tap demand from the faster-growing economies as western markets stagnate.

預(yù)計(jì)GSK將把大部分發(fā)展中國(guó)家的藥價(jià)降至西方水平的三分之二以下。此番降價(jià)反映出，隨著西方市場(chǎng)陷入停滯，各制藥公司開(kāi)始加大努力，在增長(zhǎng)較快的經(jīng)濟(jì)體開(kāi)發(fā)需求。

This year Gbola Amusa, a pharma analyst with UBS, said emerging markets would help the sector maintain annual sales growth of at least 3 per cent, and singled out Novartis, Bayer, Novo Nordisk and Teva as beneficiaries.

瑞銀(UBS)制藥業(yè)分析師戈博拉•阿穆薩(Gbola Amusa)表示，新興市場(chǎng)將幫助該行業(yè)保持至少3%的年銷(xiāo)售額增長(zhǎng)，并指出諾華制藥(Novartis)、拜耳(Bayer)、諾和諾德(Novo Nordisk)及以色列梯瓦制藥(Teva)將從中受惠。

A number of pharmaceutical groups in recent years have made donations or offered deep discounts in the world's poorest countries on a narrow range of medicines – notably anti-retrovirals for HIV.

近幾年，許多制藥集團(tuán)在一些最貧窮的國(guó)家捐贈(zèng)有限的幾種藥品，或提供大幅折扣——特別是針對(duì)艾滋病的抗逆轉(zhuǎn)病毒藥物。

GSK and other companies have been forced to reduce prices in recent months by healthcare systems in developing countries. This year the Philippines imposed sharp reductions for all drug manufacturers, and Turkey is poised to demand substantial cuts.

最近數(shù)月，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的醫(yī)療體系迫使GSK及其它公司降價(jià)。今年，菲律賓強(qiáng)令所有制藥商大幅降價(jià)，而土耳其看來(lái)也將要求大幅降價(jià)。

Global pharmaceutical groups have been criticised for “cherry-picking” rich patients in poor countries who can pay western prices, while leaving most of those in need without access to their products.

全球制藥集團(tuán)一向被指責(zé)在窮國(guó)“挑選”負(fù)擔(dān)得起西方藥價(jià)的富裕患者，而不顧大多數(shù)需要幫助的人買(mǎi)不起他們的藥品。

In response, companies have argued that even very large price reductions would leave their medicines unaffordable to the poorest, while creating a risk of “diversion” of lower-priced products back to richer markets, which would undermine prices in the west.

作為回應(yīng)，這些公司宣稱(chēng)，即使大幅降價(jià)，那些最窮的人也買(mǎi)不起它們的藥，反而有可能讓降價(jià)藥品“回流”至較富裕的市場(chǎng)，從而破壞西方國(guó)家的藥價(jià)。

Mr Hussain said experiments by GSK in lower-price markets had not led richer countries to demand similar discounts, while exports back into richer countries were “not substantial enough to worry about”.

侯賽因表示，GSK在低藥價(jià)市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行的嘗試，并未導(dǎo)致較富裕國(guó)家要求得到類(lèi)似的折扣，而回流至富國(guó)的降價(jià)藥“數(shù)量不大，無(wú)須擔(dān)憂(yōu)”。

The US, western Europe and Japan account for the bulk of sales of patented medicines, but the greatest growth is forecast to come from countries such as China, Russia, India and Brazil.

美國(guó)、西歐和日本占了絕大部分的專(zhuān)利藥銷(xiāo)售，但最迅猛的增長(zhǎng)預(yù)計(jì)將來(lái)自中國(guó)、俄羅斯、印度和巴西等國(guó)。

譯者/陳云飛