人類頭顱移植？意大利醫(yī)生說(shuō)能做到

The first ever human head transplant is now possible, a neurosurgeon has claimed.

Dr Sergio Canavero believes that the technology now exists that will allow surgeons to carry out the Frankenstein-style procedure, which has been tested out on animals since 1970.

Up until now there has been no way to successfully reconnect the spinal cord, leaving the subjects paralysed from the point where the transplant was connected.

Recent advances have meant that re-connecting the spinal cord is now possible, and it is believed that the breakthrough means that previously fatal diseases could be cured.

However, other experts have dismissed the idea.

Professor Anthony Warrens, from the British Transplantation Society, told the Sun: "Connecting a head to a body is worthless to human beings today. The whole concept is bizarre."

In 1970 Robert White successfully transplanted the head of a rhesus monkey onto the body of a second rhesus, and Dr Canavero, a member of the Turin Advanced Neuromodulation Group, has proposed using a similar method.

He said: “The greatest technical hurdle to such endeavour is of course the reconnection of the donor's and recipient's spinal cords. It is my contention that the technology only now exists for such linkage,” he wrote.

“It is argued that several up to now hopeless medical conditions might benefit from such procedure.”

He believes that it a team of 100 could perform the operation in 36 hours — at a cost of ￡8.5million.

Both heads would have to be removed at the same time, and reconnected within an hour.

"This is no longer science fiction. This could be done today — now. If this operation is done it will provide a few people with a substantial amount of extra life,” he said. “The only reason I have not gone further is funding."

However, Dr Calum Mackellar, from the Scottish Council on Human Bioethics, added: "This sounds like something from a horror movie."

據(jù)外國(guó)媒體7月3日?qǐng)?bào)道，日前，意大利都靈一位名叫塞爾吉奧·卡納韋羅的神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生表示，人類可能首次實(shí)現(xiàn)頭顱移植。

頭顱移植主要的障礙就是脊髓的再接合，移植完成后如果無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)脊髓結(jié)合，病人就將癱瘓。不過(guò)，最近的科研進(jìn)展讓這一切成為可能，這種突破意味著以前許多不治之癥也有救了。

1970年，美國(guó)神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生羅伯特·懷特成功將一個(gè)獼猴的頭顱移植到另一個(gè)獼猴身上，因此，卡納韋羅醫(yī)生也想利用相似的方法進(jìn)行人類頭顱移植。“這種先 進(jìn)的技術(shù)不僅存在于科幻小說(shuō)中了，如今在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。如果這種手術(shù)能成功的話，那么將會(huì)給一部分人帶來(lái)福音，他們的生命或許會(huì)因此延續(xù)，”卡納 韋羅說(shuō)。

卡納韋羅認(rèn)為，100名醫(yī)生組成的專家小組在36小時(shí)內(nèi)就可以完成這種手術(shù)，手術(shù)過(guò)程中供體和受體的頭顱要同時(shí)分離，并在1小時(shí)內(nèi)完成交換的重新接合。該手術(shù)的成本花費(fèi)大約為850萬(wàn)美元。“目前，我沒(méi)有繼續(xù)研究下去的唯一原因就是資金問(wèn)題。”

“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)最大的障礙就是供體和受體的脊髓接合。我認(rèn)為目前的技術(shù)可以克服這一障礙。一些不治之癥也可能因此受益。”卡納韋羅說(shuō)。

但英國(guó)移植器官學(xué)會(huì)的安東尼 沃倫教授在接受媒體采訪時(shí)表示：“目前對(duì)于人類來(lái)說(shuō)，移植頭顱是毫無(wú)意義的，這種想法令人匪夷所思。”

蘇格蘭人類生命倫理委員會(huì)的卡魯姆 馬克凱勒也說(shuō)：“這聽上去像是恐怖影片中的某個(gè)畫面。”