11種導(dǎo)致疲勞的醫(yī)學(xué)方面的原因

11種導(dǎo)致疲勞的醫(yī)學(xué)方面的原因

Everyone gets tired now and then but if you constantly feel worn out or your tiredness is severe, it could be a sign of a more serious health problem.

每個(gè)人都會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的感到勞累，但如果你一直感到筋疲力竭或累的很嚴(yán)重，它可能是更多嚴(yán)重的健康問(wèn)題的標(biāo)志。

We reveal 11 health conditions that are known to cause fatigue.

我們將揭示11種引起疲勞的健康狀況。

1 iron deficiency anaemia

1 缺鐵性貧血

Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the most common medical reasons for feeling constantly run down. Affecting around one in 20 men and post-menopausal women, it’s more common in pregnant women and those who are still having periods, especially if they are heavy.

缺鐵性貧血是最常見(jiàn)的感到持續(xù)無(wú)力的醫(yī)學(xué)原因之一。大約每20個(gè)男人和更年期婦女中有一個(gè)會(huì)受到影響，在孕婦和待孕的尤其是那些偏胖的人中更常見(jiàn)。

It can be diagnosed with a blood test. Eating iron-rich foods, such as red meat, shellfish and iron-fortified cereals, or taking iron supplements can help.

這種疾病能被血樣測(cè)試診斷。吃富含鐵的食物，例如熟肉，水生有殼動(dòng)物和提高鐵營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值的谷物，或提供鐵有助于減少疲勞。

2 chronic fatigue syndrome

2 長(zhǎng)期疲勞癥狀

If your fatigue has lasted for six months or more and is so severe that you can’t manage daily tasks, chronic fatigue syndrome (also known as myalgic encephalopathy or ME) could be to blame. Along with persistent, unexplained exhaustion, other symptoms include a sore throat, muscle or joint pain and headaches.

如果你的疲勞感長(zhǎng)達(dá)六個(gè)月或更多，并且它是如此嚴(yán)重以至于你不能成功完成日常任務(wù)，長(zhǎng)期的疲勞癥狀(也被了解為慢性疲勞癥)應(yīng)當(dāng)視為罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。伴隨著持續(xù)的狀況，無(wú)法解釋的筋疲力盡，其它癥狀包括喉嚨痛，肌肉或關(guān)節(jié)痛和頭痛。

There is no test for ME but there are clear guidelines to help doctors diagnose it. While there is no cure or medication, lifestyle changes may help.

對(duì)于慢性疲勞癥無(wú)法測(cè)試，但清晰的條目有助于醫(yī)生診斷它。然而沒(méi)有藥方或藥，生活方式的改變或許會(huì)起作用。

3 gluten

3 谷蛋白

This is a type of food intolerance where the body wrongly believes gluten is attacking it, resulting in damage to the lining of the gut. For coeliacs, eating even the smallest crumb of gluten (found in things like bread, cakes and pasta) can cause tiredness along with bloating, diarrhoea, nausea, muscle pain and headaches.

這是一種身體完全不能接受的食物類型，身體錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)為是谷蛋白在襲擊它，導(dǎo)致腸道線的損壞。對(duì)于腹腔，吃甚至是最少量的谷蛋白碎屑(在食物中能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)，例如面包，蛋糕和意大利面)能導(dǎo)致疲勞伴隨著腫脹，腹瀉，作嘔，肌肉痛和頭痛。

It can be diagnosed with a blood test. There is no medication - the only treatment is to follow a strict gluten-free diet for life.

它能被血樣測(cè)試診斷。無(wú)需藥物——唯一的治療方式是在生活中遵循嚴(yán)格的無(wú)谷蛋白的飲食。

4 Sleep apnoea

4 睡眠呼吸暫停

Sleep apnoea is a condition where a person stops breathing between loud snores. These pauses in breathing happen when the airways narrow or close completely, depriving the lungs of oxygen. When the brain detects dangerously low levels of oxygen, it automatically wakes the sufferer, so they can return to normal breathing.

睡眠呼吸暫停指人在很大的鼾聲中停止呼吸的狀況。呼吸暫停的情況往往在氣流狹窄或完全關(guān)閉的情況下發(fā)生，剝奪肺部的氧氣，當(dāng)大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣量處于危險(xiǎn)的低水平的時(shí)候，會(huì)自動(dòng)地叫醒睡著的人，因此它們會(huì)返回正常的呼吸狀態(tài)。

Most common in overweight, middle aged men, those with the condition are at increased risk of stroke, cardiovascular disease and hypertension. For many sufferers, the only sign is feeling exhausted the next day. Breathing machines worn at night, plus lifestyle changes, can help.

最常見(jiàn)的體重偏胖見(jiàn)于中年男子，伴隨著中風(fēng)，心血管疾病和高血壓增加的危險(xiǎn)。對(duì)于許多患者，唯一的標(biāo)志是第二天感到筋疲力竭。晚上戴上氧氣罩，加上改變生活方式有助于緩解這種狀況。

5 thyroid hormone

5 甲狀腺荷爾蒙

People with an underactive thyroid gland have too little thyroid hormone (thyroxine) in their body, which results in tiredness. Other symptoms include weight gain, aching muscles, depression, sensitivity to the cold and dry skin and hair.

擁有不活躍甲狀腺的人會(huì)在它們的身體中產(chǎn)生過(guò)少的甲狀腺荷爾蒙，導(dǎo)致人的疲勞。其它癥狀包括體重增加，肌肉痛，抑郁，對(duì)冷和干皮膚和頭發(fā)的敏感。

It’s most common in women and you’re more at risk the older you are. Your doctor can diagnose the condition with a blood test. It can be treated with daily hormone tablets.

這種狀況在女人中最常見(jiàn)，你的年齡越大你患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越高。醫(yī)生會(huì)通過(guò)血樣測(cè)試診斷你的情況。每天吃荷爾蒙藥片能治療這種疾病。

6 diabetes

6 糖尿病

One of the main symptoms of diabetes is fatigue, along with excessive thirst and urination. Type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity and is more common in older people. Type 1 diabetes is far less common and occurs when the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin. It usually occurs before the age of 40, often during teenage years.

糖尿病的主要癥狀是疲勞，伴隨著極度口渴和經(jīng)常性的小便。第二種類型的糖尿病和肥胖有關(guān)，在老年人中更普遍。第一種類型的糖尿病更不常見(jiàn)，當(dāng)身體的免疫系統(tǒng)襲擊或摧毀細(xì)胞的時(shí)候會(huì)產(chǎn)生胰島素。這種情況通常在40歲之前發(fā)生，在青少年時(shí)期。

Diabetes is diagnosed with a blood test. Insulin injections and a healthy eating plan can help.

糖尿病被血樣測(cè)試診斷。胰島素注射和健康的飲食計(jì)劃有助于病情的恢復(fù)。

7 viral infection

7 病毒傳染

This common viral infection causes severe tiredness along with fever, sore throat and swollen glands. Most cases occur in teenagers and young adults. It is spread through saliva and can be passed by kissing, exposure to coughs and sneezes, or sharing things like cups.

這種普遍的病毒傳染導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的疲勞，喉嚨痛和腫的甲狀腺。大多數(shù)案例發(fā)生在青少年和年輕的成年人中。通過(guò)唾液傳播，親吻傳遞，暴露在咳嗽和打噴嚏的人群中，或者分享東西例如杯子。

While most symptoms tend to clear up within four to six weeks, the fatigue can last for several more months. It can be diagnosed with a physical examination and blood test. Painkillers are generally prescribed to relieve pain and reduce fever.

盡管大多數(shù)癥狀傾向于在四到六周內(nèi)消失，疲勞會(huì)持續(xù)更多月份。它可以通過(guò)物理檢測(cè)和血樣測(cè)試診斷。通常會(huì)開(kāi)止痛藥來(lái)減輕疼痛減少發(fā)燒。

8 Depression

8 抑郁

Depression doesn’t just make you feel sad. It can cause physical symptoms too, from aches and pains to tiredness. People with depression often feel drained of energy and find it hard to drop off to sleep or wake up during the night.

抑郁不僅會(huì)使你感到悲傷。它也會(huì)導(dǎo)致物理的癥狀，從疼痛到疲勞。抑郁的人經(jīng)常感到?jīng)]有力量并覺(jué)得在夜間很難入睡或醒來(lái)。

Talking therapies, lifestyle changes and medication may help.

話語(yǔ)治療，生活方式的改變和藥物會(huì)有幫助。

9 anxiety

9 憤怒

Like depression, anxiety can cause disturbed sleep. If you can’t remember the last time you didn’t feel anxious or your anxiety feels uncontrollable, your doctor may diagnose you with generalised anxiety disorder (or GAD). Other symptoms include restlessness, irritability and difficulty concentrating.

正如抑郁，憤怒會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠困擾。如果你不記得最后一次你沒(méi)有感到焦慮或你的氣憤令人難以控制，你的醫(yī)生會(huì)診斷你為廣泛性焦慮癥(或GAD).其它癥狀包括坐立不安，憤怒和難以集中注意力。

Again, talking therapies, lifestyle changes and medication may help.

再一次的，談話治療，改變生活方式和藥物會(huì)起作用。

10 Restless legs syndrome

10 多動(dòng)腿綜合癥

Restless legs syndrome is a common condition affecting the nervous system. Sufferers experience an uncomfortable feeling in their legs, often felt as a crawling or creeping sensation, which keeps them awake at night. An overwhelming urge to keep moving the legs, a deep ache, or legs that jerk spontaneously disrupts sleep and causes tiredness.

多動(dòng)腿綜合癥是影響神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)普遍的狀況?；颊邥?huì)體驗(yàn)到腿部的不舒服的感覺(jué)，就像是有東西在腿上爬，會(huì)使患者在晚上痛醒。壓倒性的盡力使腿部移動(dòng)，疼痛感會(huì)加重或者腿不由自主地抽搐會(huì)影響睡眠并導(dǎo)致疲勞。

Depending on the severity of symptoms, lifestyle changes or medication may be offered.

取決于癥狀的嚴(yán)重性，改變生活方式，可能提供藥物。

11 Multiple sclerosis (MS)

11 多發(fā)性硬化癥

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition affecting the transfer of nerve signals in the brain and spinal cord, causing a wide range of symptoms, from problems with muscle movement and balance to loss of vision (usually only in one eye) and serve tiredness.

多發(fā)性硬化癥是一種自動(dòng)免疫狀況，影響神經(jīng)信號(hào)在大腦和脊髓的傳輸，導(dǎo)致了許多不同的癥狀，從肌肉移動(dòng)和平衡問(wèn)題到視力的損失(通常只有一只眼睛)和神經(jīng)疲勞。

Diagnosing MS is complicated and may require referral to a neurologist. There is currently no cure but treatments including medication and physiotherapy may help.

治療多發(fā)性硬化癥是復(fù)雜的，可能需要參考神經(jīng)醫(yī)生的建議。目前無(wú)法治愈，但是治療包括藥物，理療可能起作用。