養(yǎng)一只胖狗可能會(huì)令你更健康

養(yǎng)一只胖狗可能會(huì)令你更健康

The chubby, inert pet dog has become a familiar household sight in richer countries. And yet there lies a possible boon to the out-of-shape among us. A recent study suggests that being told one’s pet is dangerously overweight might provide the impetus that gets an owner moving.

胖乎乎、慢吞吞的寵物狗已經(jīng)成為富裕國家常見的家庭景象。但是對我們中間身材走樣的人來說，這可能是一種福利。最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，告訴主人他/她的寵物太胖、存在健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，可能會(huì)給他/她提供鍛煉動(dòng)力。

It might seem that having a pet dog would result in considerable physical activity, and that’s true, broadly speaking. A 2013 review of studies related to dog ownership concluded that as a group, dog owners spend almost an hour more per week walking than people without dogs. Even so, a survey from 2008 conducted in Australia found that nearly a quarter of all dog owners reported never walking their pets. This population of dog owners, studies show, actually engage in less physical activity each week than people without a dog.

養(yǎng)個(gè)寵物狗似乎會(huì)增加很多運(yùn)動(dòng)量。一般來說的確是這樣的。2013年與養(yǎng)狗相關(guān)的研究表明，總體來說，養(yǎng)狗的人每周比不養(yǎng)狗的人幾乎多走一個(gè)小時(shí)。即便如此，2008年澳大利亞的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，將近1/4的狗主人說他們幾乎從不遛狗。研究表明，這部分養(yǎng)狗的人每周的運(yùn)動(dòng)量實(shí)際上比不養(yǎng)狗的人還少。

A majority of dog owners, of course, are deeply attached to their pets, whether they walk them or not. That bond prompted a group of scientists, veterinarians and physicians at the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, in Bethesda, Md., and other institutions to consider whether people might be willing to undertake a health-and-fitness regimen targeted at their dog, even if they had little enthusiasm for such a program for themselves.

當(dāng)然，不管遛不遛狗，大部分狗主人都非常喜愛自己的寵物。這種情感聯(lián)系促使馬里蘭州貝塞斯達(dá)健康科學(xué)統(tǒng)一服務(wù)大學(xué)(Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences)等機(jī)構(gòu)的一群科學(xué)家、獸醫(yī)和醫(yī)生們開始考慮人們是否愿意采取針對小狗的健康健身生活方式——盡管他們對針對自己的這種項(xiàng)目沒什么興趣。

The researchers recruited 32 dog owners who visited a veterinary clinic in Maryland. Their dogs varied widely in age, breed and size, but all were overweight or obese and, by and large, sedentary. So, too, were most of their owners (although the only criterion for their participation was that their dogs be rotund). Half the volunteers were told by a veterinarian to watch their dog’s nutrition and monitor its health. The rest were told that their dog was overweight and needed more exercise. These owners were given specific exercise prescriptions, which generally advised walking the dog for at least 30 minutes every day.

研究者們在馬里蘭州的一個(gè)獸醫(yī)診所征募了32名狗主人。他們的狗在年齡、品種和體型上各不相同，但都超重或過度肥胖，并且總的來說坐得太多。它們的主人大多也是這樣(雖然唯一的參與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是他們的狗超重)。獸醫(yī)讓其中一半志愿者關(guān)注狗的營養(yǎng)，留意它們的健康狀況;對另一半志愿者說他們的狗超重，需要更多鍛煉——獸醫(yī)給這些主人提供了具體的鍛煉計(jì)劃，總的來說是建議每天至少遛狗30分鐘。

Three months later, the volunteers and their dogs were re-evaluated. Both owners and pets in the dog-walking group had lost weight. But more interesting, those who had been told only that their pets were worryingly heavy also began exercising their pets and themselves. They reported walking far more often than they did before they got health warnings for their dogs, and both they and their pets were thinner.

三個(gè)月后，研究者重新評估志愿者和他們的狗。遛狗那組的主人和寵物們都瘦了一些。不過更有意思的是，那些僅被告知寵物胖得令人擔(dān)憂的主人們也開始和寵物們一起運(yùn)動(dòng)了。他們說，與被警告狗存在健康隱患前相比，他們走路要頻繁得多，他們和寵物都瘦了一些。

The upshot, says Capt. Mark B. Stephens M.D., a professor of family medicine at Uniformed Services University and a co-author of the study — it was published in September in the journal Anthrozoös — is that “love and concern for a dog can be a powerful motivation for exercise.” Which is not to say, he adds, that people should adopt a dog as a kind of fitness device. Unlike a treadmill, Marley cannot be abandoned in the basement when you tire of working out. On the other hand, no device will ever be so happy to see you lace up your walking shoes.

這項(xiàng)研究9月份發(fā)表在《人與動(dòng)物》(Anthrozoös)雜志上。美國軍隊(duì)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)大學(xué)(Uniformed Services University)的醫(yī)學(xué)博士、家庭醫(yī)學(xué)教授馬克·B·斯蒂芬斯上尉(Mark B. Stephens)是這項(xiàng)研究的合著者。他說，重點(diǎn)在于，“對狗的熱愛和關(guān)心可以成為強(qiáng)大的鍛煉動(dòng)力。”他補(bǔ)充說，這并不是說，人們應(yīng)該把養(yǎng)狗作為一種健身手段。你不能在厭倦鍛煉時(shí)把小狗馬利(Marley)像跑步機(jī)一樣丟到地下室里。不過，從另一方面講，沒有哪個(gè)健身器材會(huì)在看見你穿上步行鞋后如此高興。