世界七大匪夷所思的自然現(xiàn)象（三）

Sailing Stones, US

美國(guó)風(fēng)帆石

When visitors stumbled upon scores of heavy stones that appeared to have moved across the dried lake bed of Racetrack Playa in California’s Death Valley National Park, leaving a tell-tale trail in their wake, scientists were baffled. How had so many boulders, some weighing 300kg, moved as much as 250m across this remote part of the valley, asks Quora user Farhana Khanum?

在加利福尼亞死亡谷國(guó)家公園，游客無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)幾十塊大石頭在賽馬場(chǎng)鹽湖的干湖床上移動(dòng)，留下神秘的尾波，科學(xué)家們也不知道如何解釋這一現(xiàn)象。Quora用戶法爾哈納•哈姆問(wèn)道，這些卵石中有的重達(dá)300千克，它們是怎么做到移動(dòng)近250米到達(dá)峽谷的另一頭?

Adding to the mystery, some trails were gracefully curved, while others were straight with sudden shifts to the left or right. Who, or what, had moved the stones? A slew of theories emerged, from magnetic fields to alien intervention to dust devils to pranksters.

更為神秘的是，一些痕跡竟然還有優(yōu)美的弧度，還有一些痕跡是直線狀，但伴有突然左拐或右拐的印記。到底是誰(shuí)還是什么東西在移動(dòng)這些石頭?從磁場(chǎng)作用到外星人事件到塵卷風(fēng)再到惡作劇，人們對(duì)此猜測(cè)不斷。

It took a NASA scientist to crack the case. In 2006, Ralph Lorenz developed a kitchen table model using a small rock frozen in an inch of water in a Tupperware container to demonstrate ice shove, the phenomenon behind the mysterious sailing stones.

一位美國(guó)航空航天局(NASA)的科學(xué)家解開了謎團(tuán)。2006年，拉爾夫•洛倫茨發(fā)明了一個(gè)餐桌模型——在保鮮盒里裝一英寸高的水，放入小石粒并將水冰凍。用這個(gè)模型解釋冰壅，神秘的風(fēng)帆石背后的真相。

In winter, Racetrack Playa fills with water and the lakebed’s stones become encased in ice. Thanks to ice’s buoyancy, even a light breeze can send those frozen boulders sailing across the muddy bottom of the lakebed. Stones with rough bottoms leave straight tracks, while those with smooth bottoms drift and digress. Warmer months melt the ice and evaporate the water, leaving only the stones and their mysterious trails.

一到冬季，賽馬場(chǎng)鹽湖漲滿了水，而湖床里的石頭則被冰封起來(lái)。由于冰有浮力，即使是一陣輕風(fēng)也能幫扶著冰凍卵石一直劃過(guò)湖床的泥濘底部。底部不光滑的石頭會(huì)留下直線劃痕，而底部光滑的石頭則會(huì)漂移，偏離原路。天氣開始轉(zhuǎn)暖時(shí)，冰雪消融，水汽蒸發(fā)，留下的只剩那些風(fēng)帆石和它們神秘的移動(dòng)軌跡。

Visitors can see these sailing stones in a few locations, including Little Bonne Claire Playa in Nevada and most famously, Death Valley’s Racetrack Playa.

在內(nèi)華達(dá)州的小女仆克萊爾鹽湖以及著名的死亡谷賽馬場(chǎng)鹽湖等地方都可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這些風(fēng)帆石。