美籍在華專(zhuān)家：逃離陰影 日本需就南京大屠殺真心致歉

英文《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》12月13日刊登美籍記者蘭迪•賴(lài)特(Randy Wright)撰寫(xiě)的文章《反思南京大屠殺：逃離陰影》，文中痛斥日本二戰(zhàn)時(shí)在南京犯下的滔天暴行，呼吁日本向德國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)，承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤向中國(guó)真心致歉。

以下為雙語(yǔ)全文：

It's with a somber heart that I find myself today contemplating the 80th anniversary of the infamous rape and slaughter of hundreds of thousands of innocent Chinese in Nanjing by invading Japanese troops in the winter of 1937-38.

12月13日是中國(guó)南京大屠殺死難者國(guó)家公祭日?；叵?0年前，侵華日軍攻占南京并對(duì)幾十萬(wàn)無(wú)辜的中國(guó)老百姓犯下屠殺、奸淫等血腥暴行，我的心情十分悲痛。

That collective atrocity - made up of thousands of individual atrocities committed over several weeks - shows at a breathtaking scale the nature of the beast at the heart of the human race and the danger of unchaining it. The Nanjing Massacre is among the ugliest incidents in world history, though far from unique in its depravity.

南京大屠殺是一起集體暴行，侵華日軍在長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)周的時(shí)間里犯下數(shù)不清的暴行。這一慘絕人寰的事件以驚人的規(guī)模展現(xiàn)出人類(lèi)內(nèi)心隱藏的獸性以及放任獸性發(fā)展的恐怖。南京大屠殺是人類(lèi)歷史上最丑陋的事件之一，充斥著人性的邪惡。

I never served in uniform (an unfortunate gap in my life's experience), nor in combat. Yet my years of reading military history have taught me something of the horrors of war, the greed of nations, of man's inhumanity to man, the fragility of peace and the value of life. And the cycle continues.

我從來(lái)沒(méi)有當(dāng)過(guò)兵(這是我人生經(jīng)歷中一段不幸的空白)，也沒(méi)有參加過(guò)戰(zhàn)役。但多年來(lái)閱讀軍事歷史書(shū)籍讓我知曉了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的可怕、國(guó)家的貪婪、人性的殘酷、和平的脆弱，以及生命的價(jià)值。如此循環(huán)生生不息。

In the ominous words of Plato: "Only the dead have seen the end of war."

古希臘哲學(xué)家柏拉圖有一句警世之語(yǔ)：“只有死者才能看到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的終結(jié)。”

I wish it were not so. Across millennia, emperors and assorted tyrants have murdered for land, treasure, religion or political power, and spun the rhetoric of hate and blame to achieve their ambitions. The result, sooner or later, is always the same: a river of blood - often the most precious.

我真希望不是這樣。縱觀歷史，君王霸主為了土地、財(cái)富、宗教或政治權(quán)力而互相殘殺，用仇恨憎惡的言語(yǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人的野心。而結(jié)局，或早或晚，總是相似的：血流成河——死去的往往是社會(huì)的精英。

It's easy enough to see this pattern. But it's even easier to look away. A searing event like Nanjing is uncomfortable. It's hard to absorb. It's scarring. But to avert the eyes is to relegate history to mere abstraction, to conveniently forget that the victims of atrocities were real people.

看到這一規(guī)律很容易，但是無(wú)視它更容易。如南京大屠殺一般的慘案令人不安，它令人難以承受、留下創(chuàng)傷累累。逃避和漠視的態(tài)度相當(dāng)于把真實(shí)發(fā)生過(guò)的歷史降格為純粹的抽象概念，相當(dāng)于選擇性地忘記遭受這些暴行的那些活生生的人。

Remembrance is the beginning of healing. In fact, the bitter dregs of truth have curative value for the soul - especially for past aggressors like the Japanese, who, in dehumanizing their victims, only dehumanized themselves.

銘記才是治愈的開(kāi)始。事實(shí)上，真相的苦澀可以治愈人類(lèi)的靈魂，對(duì)于那些曾經(jīng)的侵略者，比如日本人，更是如此。他們對(duì)受害者施以非人的暴行，使他們自己也失去了人性。

Some in Japan seem to have difficulty with deep reflection. They just want the war to go away, and have chosen a path on which the goal is to save as much face as possible. What Japan has styled as apology over the years has been half-hearted, not full-throated; and that, in turn has allowed bitterness to linger.

在日本，有一些人似乎很難進(jìn)行深刻反思，他們只想要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的陰云散去，并且選擇了一條盡可能地保存顏面道路。過(guò)去這些年來(lái)，日本人口口聲聲的道歉根本不是真心實(shí)意的，而這，只會(huì)讓痛苦繼續(xù)。

Instead, it should follow the spirit of former German chancellor Willie Brandt, who knelt humbly in the rain in 1970 at the Warsaw Ghetto, acknowledging the evil Nazi Germany brought upon the Jews. It should adopt the posture of Angela Merkel, the current German chancellor, whose stance was unequivocal when Israel's leader tried to shift blame for the Holocaust to an Islamic cleric: "All Germans know the history of the murderous race mania of the Nazis that led to the break with civilization that was the Holocaust," Merkel's spokesman said. "This is taught in German schools for good reason. It must never be forgotten. ... We know that responsibility for this crime against humanity is German, and very much our own."

日本應(yīng)當(dāng)向德國(guó)前總理維利•勃蘭特看齊。1970年，勃蘭特冒雨在猶太人紀(jì)念碑前下跪，承認(rèn)納粹德國(guó)給猶太人帶去的深重苦難。日本應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)德國(guó)現(xiàn)任總理默克爾的姿態(tài)，當(dāng)以色列領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人試圖將猶太大屠殺的罪責(zé)轉(zhuǎn)嫁給一名伊斯蘭教士時(shí)，默克爾態(tài)度明確地表示：“我們?nèi)w德國(guó)人都非常清楚，納粹的種族狂熱導(dǎo)致文明崩塌，即猶太大屠殺。”默克爾的發(fā)言人說(shuō)：“我們?cè)诘聡?guó)學(xué)校里教授這段歷史是有充分理由的。這段歷史永遠(yuǎn)不能遺忘……我們知道，這一反人類(lèi)罪行的責(zé)任在于德國(guó)，并且都是我們自己的罪責(zé)。”

Likewise, the massacre in Nanjing is very much Japan's own.

同樣，南京大屠殺的發(fā)生也都是日本的罪責(zé)。

Are these just empty words, bleached of meaning by the passage of time? I don't think so. Nor is a Japanese apology merely a question of making China feel better. Japan itself will never escape the shadow of its past until it can wash itself clean through honest, forthright acknowledgement of its sins.

這些空洞的語(yǔ)言會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的流逝而褪色嗎?我不這么認(rèn)為。日本道歉也不僅僅是讓中國(guó)好受一點(diǎn)的問(wèn)題。日本要走出歷史留下的陰影，必須坦誠(chéng)、坦率地承認(rèn)自己犯下的罪行以?xún)艋陨怼?br />