5種好習慣,多活14年

A new study has found that just by developing five habits, you can add an estimated 14 years of life expectancy.

新研究表明，下面五個簡單的生活習慣能夠助你延壽十四年，它們對人類健康和壽命具有重大的積極影響：

Five habits were identified to have a great impact on human health and longevity:

五種習慣被認為對人類健康和長壽有很大影響：

• – not smoking;
• 不抽煙
• – eating a healthy diet;
• 健康飲食
• – regularly exercising (30+ minutes a day of moderate to vigorous activity);
• 規(guī)律鍛煉(每天30分鐘以上的中高強度鍛煉)
• – keeping a healthy body weight (18.5-24.9 BMI);
• 保持健康體重(BMI：18.5-24.9)
• – moderate alcohol consumption (5-15 g/day for women, 5-30 g/day for men).
• 適度飲酒(女性5-15克/天，男性5-30克/天)

The study analyzed data from 78,865 women followed over 27 years and 44,354 men followed over 34 years. All participants were from the US, and over the course of the roughly 30-year study period, researchers tracked their health and lifestyle habits, focusing especially on the five points mentioned above.

哈佛大學的研究人員分析了78,865名女性和44,354名男性的數(shù)據(jù)，時間跨度分別為27年和34年。這些調(diào)查對象全部來自美國。在三十年左右的研究階段里，研究人員追蹤他們的健康習慣和生活習慣，其中著重關注上述五點。

Each individual component of a healthy lifestyle showed a significant association with risk of total mortality, cancer mortality, and cardiovascular mortality — each factor added approximately 2.5 years of life expectancy.

分析結果顯示：上述每個健康生活習慣都和總體死亡率、癌癥死亡率、心血管疾病死亡率存在顯著聯(lián)系——每個因素都能夠增壽2.5年左右。

Researchers found that who didn’t adopt any of the low-risk lifestyle factors, the life expectancy at 50 years was 29 years for women and 25.5 years for men. But for those who adopted all five low-risk factors, life expectancy at age 50 was projected to be 43.1 years for women and 37.6 years for men. In other words, women gained an average life expectancy of 14 years, and men gained 12 years. But there was some very bad news.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)：五十歲時，如果不具備上述任何健康習慣，那么男性的預期壽命還剩25.5年、女性的預期壽命還剩29年;如果具備上述所有健康習慣，那么男性的預期壽命還剩37.6年、女性的預期壽命還剩43.1年。也就是說，具備上述五點健康習慣的女性能夠延壽14年，男性能夠延壽12年。

“This study underscores the importance of following healthy lifestyle habits for improving longevity in the U.S. population,” said Frank Hu, chair of the Department of Nutrition at Harvard Chan School and senior author of the study. “However, adherence to healthy lifestyle habits is very low. Therefore, public policies should put more emphasis on creating healthy food, built, and social environments to support and promote healthy diet and lifestyles.”

這項研究表明，保持健康的生活習慣非常重要。然而，很少有人能夠堅持下來。因此，研究人員認為，公共政策應該努力為人們創(chuàng)造健康的食物和健康的社會環(huán)境，從而促進人們的健康飲食和生活習慣。

Despite being arguably the wealthiest country in the world, America continues to struggle with its health. Both men and women having a significantly lower life expectancy than their counterparts in other parts of the world.

美國也許是世界上最富裕的國家，但美國人民的健康狀況卻不太理想——無論男性還是女性，預期壽命皆低于其它發(fā)達國家。

The U.S. ranked 31st in the world for life expectancy in 2015, and the study suggests while the US health system does a great job in terms of drug discovery and disease management, a greater emphasis on prevention would do a great deal to improve the health and life expectancy of Americans.

2015年，美國人的預期壽命在所有國家中排在第31名。盡管美國在開發(fā)藥物和疾病管理方面做得很好，但他們應該更加重視疾病預防，這能夠顯著提升美國人的健康狀況和預期壽命。