彎曲桿菌會(huì)傳染嗎?

彎曲桿菌會(huì)傳染嗎?

Dogs give us unconditional love and constant companionship.

狗給予我們無(wú)條件的愛(ài)和持續(xù)的陪伴。

Unfortunately, sometimes they also give us a number of zoonoses, or diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

不幸的是，有時(shí)它們也會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)一些人畜共患病，或者是一些可以從動(dòng)物傳染給人類(lèi)的疾病。

Contact with pet-store puppies is the likely source of the latest campylobacter outbreak. (Photo: cynoclub/Shutterstock)

You know about zoonotic diseases like rabies and maybe ringworm and roundworm, but recently the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced a multi-state outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infections.

你知道一些人畜共患疾病，比如狂犬病，也許還有癬和蛔蟲(chóng)，但是最近美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心(CDC)宣布了一個(gè)空腸彎曲桿菌感染的跨州爆發(fā)。

Campylobacter infection affects more than 1.5 million people every year. Oftentimes campylobacter infections are associated with eating raw or undercooked poultry, dairy products, produce or other foods that have been contaminated by those items. Campylobacter bacteria also can be spread through contact with dog and cat feces.

彎曲桿菌感染每年影響150多萬(wàn)人。彎曲桿菌感染通常與生吃或未煮熟的家禽、乳制品、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品或其他被這些食品污染的食品有關(guān)。彎曲桿菌也可以通過(guò)接觸狗和貓的糞便傳播。

This current outbreak is linked to contact with puppies from pet stores.

目前的疫情與寵物店的幼犬接觸有關(guān)。

As of mid-December, 30 people infected with the strain of Campylobacter jejuni have been reported from 13 states, the CDC reports. Of the 24 infected people the CDC interviewed, 21 reported contact with a puppy and 15 of those 21 specifically mentioned contact with a pet-store puppy. A dozen of those people were linked to the national chain, Petland, and five were store employees.

CDC報(bào)告稱(chēng)，截至12月中旬，已有13個(gè)州報(bào)告有30人感染空腸彎曲桿菌。疾控中心采訪(fǎng)的24名感染者中，21人報(bào)告與一只小狗有過(guò)接觸，其中15人特別提到與寵物店的小狗有過(guò)接觸。其中12人與全國(guó)連鎖寵物店P(guān)etland有關(guān)，5人是商店員工。

A similar outbreak that started in January 2016 and ran through February 2018 made 118 people in 18 states ill — many due to contact with pet-store puppies.

類(lèi)似的疫情始于2016年1月，持續(xù)到2018年2月，導(dǎo)致18個(gè)州的118人患病，其中許多人是因?yàn)榻佑|了寵物店的小狗。

Symptoms and spreading the virus

癥狀和病毒傳播

Although the bacteria can be spread from puppies to people, it's not usually spread from person to person, says the CDC.

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心說(shuō)，雖然這種細(xì)菌可以從小狗傳播給人，但通常不會(huì)在人與人之間傳播。

Typical campylobacter symptoms include diarrhea, fever and cramps. Sometimes people may also have nausea and vomiting.

彎曲桿菌的典型癥狀包括腹瀉、發(fā)燒和痙攣。有時(shí)人們也會(huì)有惡心和嘔吐。

Symptoms usually start within two to five days after being exposed to the bacteria and last about a week. However, people can continue to shed bacteria in their stool for several weeks after symptoms have wrapped up. That's one way that it can be spread from person to person, and why good hygiene is important.

癥狀通常在接觸細(xì)菌后2 - 5天內(nèi)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)約一周。然而，在癥狀消失后的幾周內(nèi)，人們可以繼續(xù)在他們的糞便中排放細(xì)菌。這是它在人與人之間傳播的一種方式，這就是為什么良好的衛(wèi)生很重要。

Preventing campylobacter infections

防止彎曲桿菌感染

Washing your hands is one of the best ways to avoid infection. (Photo: hxdbzxy/Shutterstock)

To avoid getting sick, hand-washing is key, says the CDC.

疾病預(yù)防控制中心說(shuō)，為了避免生病，洗手是關(guān)鍵。

Always wash your hands with soap and water after touching a pet, after handling their food, and after cleaning up after them. If you don't have soap and water, then use hand sanitizer. Adults should supervise children as they wash their hands.

在撫摸寵物、處理寵物的食物和清理它們之后，一定要用肥皂和水洗手。如果你沒(méi)有肥皂和水，那就用洗手液。成年人應(yīng)該在孩子洗手時(shí)監(jiān)督他們。

If your dog has an accident of any kind in the house, clean it up immediately, then disinfect the area using a water and bleach solution. Remove feces from your yard to prevent kids or other dogs from coming in contact with it.

如果你的狗在家里發(fā)生了任何形式的事故，立即清理干凈，然后用水和漂白劑消毒。清理院子里的糞便，防止孩子或其他狗接觸到糞便。

Other important hygiene tips:

其他重要的衛(wèi)生貼士:

Wash your hands before and after preparing food.

準(zhǔn)備食物前后都要洗手。

Wash your hands after going to the bathroom and after taking care of someone who is sick.

上完廁所和照顧病人后要洗手。

Keep uncooked meat and poultry away from other foods.

生肉和家禽應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離其他食物。