研究表明，全球4%的癌癥是由體重超標引起的

研究表明，全球4%的癌癥是由體重超標引起的

Excess body weight was responsible for 3.9% of cancer globally, or 544.300 cases, in 2012. according to a new report.

一份新的報告顯示，2012年全球3.9%的癌癥病例(54.43萬例)是體重超標造成的。

The report, published Wednesday in the journal CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, also highlights a relationship between obesity and the risk of 13 cancers, including postmenopausal breast cancer and liver cancer, and a probable relationship with three others, including prostate cancer.

這份周三發(fā)表在《CA:臨床醫(yī)師癌癥雜志》上的報告還強調(diào)了肥胖與13種癌癥，包括絕經(jīng)后乳腺癌和肝癌風險之間的關(guān)系，以及與其他三種癌癥，包括前列腺癌之間的可能關(guān)系。

"Despite numerous studies on the health effects of overweight/obesity (excess body weight), the message has not been well disseminated. In particular, not many people are aware of the link of overweight/obesity to cancer risk," Hyuna Sung, one of the report's authors and a principal scientist at the American Cancer Society, wrote in an email.

“盡管有很多關(guān)于超重/肥胖(超重)對健康影響的研究，但這一信息還沒有得到很好的傳播。特別是，沒有多少人意識到超重/肥胖與癌癥風險之間的聯(lián)系，”該報告的作者之一、美國癌癥協(xié)會首席科學家松海納在電子郵件中寫道。

The American Cancer Society notes that by 2030. there are expected to be 21.7 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer deaths around the world.

美國癌癥協(xié)會指出，到2030年，預計全球?qū)⒂?170萬新癌癥病例和1300萬癌癥死亡。

"The future burden will probably be even larger because of the adoption of western lifestyles, such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and fewer childbirths, in economically developing countries," the group says.

該組織表示:“由于在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中國家采用了西方的生活方式，如吸煙、飲食不良、缺乏體育活動和少生孩子，未來的負擔可能會更大。”

Levels of obesity globally have been rising, taking a toll on health, the report says.

報告稱，全球肥胖水平一直在上升，對健康造成了損害。

Researchers used publicly available or already published parameters and estimates to show regional and global trends of obesity and overweight for the past four decades, from 1975 to 2016. Sung said.

松說，研究人員使用公開的或已經(jīng)公布的參數(shù)和估計值來顯示從1975年到2016年的過去40年里，地區(qū)和全球的肥胖和超重趨勢。

During that period, the prevalence of excess body weight has risen from 21% in men and 24% in women to approximately 40% in both sexes -- and this is apparent in all regions of the world.

在此期間，體重超標的患病率從男性的21%和女性的24%上升到男女性同時約40%——這在世界所有地區(qū)都很明顯。

The largest increase in overweight population was in men in Western countries, where the rate went from 9% to 30%, and in women in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, where rates went from 12% to 35%.

增幅最大的是西方國家的男性，肥胖率從9%上升到30%，而中亞、中東和北非的女性肥胖率從12%上升到35%。

The researchers suggest a number of reasons for the increases.

研究人員提出了一些增長的原因。

"The simultaneous rise in excess body weight in almost all countries is thought to be driven largely by changes in the global food system, which promotes energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, alongside reduced opportunities for physical activity," Sung said.

松說：“幾乎所有國家的超重都在同步上升，這在很大程度上被認為是由全球食品體系的變化推動的，全球食品體系推廣了能量密集型、營養(yǎng)貧乏的食品，同時減少了體力活動的機會。”

Dr. Anne McTiernan, a cancer prevention researcher at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, wrote in an email that, "This paper is an excellent review of the global burden of obesity on cancer.

西雅圖弗雷德·哈欽森癌癥研究中心的癌癥預防研究員安妮·麥克蒂爾南博士在一封電子郵件中寫道，“這篇論文是對肥胖對癌癥的全球負擔的極好綜述。”

We often think of obesity as being an American phenomenon, but it's a growing problem worldwide. As fewer people smoke, obesity will be responsible for a larger fraction of cancers.

我們經(jīng)常認為肥胖是美國的一種現(xiàn)象，但它在全世界都是一個日益嚴重的問題。由于吸煙的人越來越少，肥胖將成為癌癥的主要誘因。