研究表明，在美國(guó)，幾乎所有兒童都吃了太多的添加糖

研究表明，在美國(guó)，幾乎所有兒童都吃了太多的添加糖

A new analysis of national data published Wednesday finds 98% of toddlers and two-thirds of infants consume added sugars in their diets each day. The American Heart Association recommends children less than two years of age not have access to any added sugars, which includes any sweeteners that don't naturally occur in food.

周三公布的一項(xiàng)對(duì)全國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)的新分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，98%的幼兒和三分之二的嬰兒每天在飲食中攝入添加糖。美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)建議不到兩歲的兒童不要攝入任何添加糖，其中包括任何非天然存在于食物中的甜味劑。

"The consumption of added sugars among children has been associated with negative health conditions such as cavities, asthma, obesity, elevated blood pressure, and altered lipid profiles," said lead investigator Kirsten Herrick, a program director at the Division of Cancer Control and Population Studies with the National Cancer Institute, a part of the National Institutes of Health.

美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院癌癥控制和人口研究部項(xiàng)目主任、首席調(diào)查員基爾斯滕·赫里克說(shuō)：“兒童攝入添加糖與負(fù)面健康狀況有關(guān)，如蛀牙、哮喘、肥胖、血壓升高和血脂譜改變。”國(guó)家癌癥研究所隸屬于美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院。

"Whether these associations exist for even younger children hasn't been studied," she added. "The aim of this study was to focus on one aspect of diet -- added sugars [and] consumption among US infants and toddlers -- that could inform the dietary guidelines."

“這些聯(lián)系是否存在于更小的孩子身上還沒(méi)有被研究過(guò)，”她補(bǔ)充道。“這項(xiàng)研究的目的是關(guān)注飲食的一個(gè)方面——添加糖(和)在我們嬰幼兒中的攝入量——這可以為膳食指南提供信息。”

Infants aged 6 to 11 months were typically given added sugars via flavored yogurt, baby snacks and sweet bakery products; the study did not count any sugars that are contained in breast milk or infant formulas.

6至11個(gè)月大的嬰兒通常通過(guò)調(diào)味酸奶、嬰兒零食和甜面包制品攝入添加糖;這項(xiàng)研究沒(méi)有計(jì)算母乳或嬰兒配方奶粉中所含的糖。

For toddlers aged 12 to 23 months, fruit drinks, candy and sweet baked goods were the primary source of the added sugars.

對(duì)于12到23個(gè)月大的幼兒來(lái)說(shuō)，水果飲料、糖果和烘焙食品是添加糖的主要來(lái)源。

"We did not find any differences in added sugar consumption by sex, family income level or head of household education," Herrick said in an interview with the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

赫里克在接受《營(yíng)養(yǎng)與飲食學(xué)會(huì)雜志》的采訪時(shí)說(shuō):“我們沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)在性別、家庭收入水平或戶主受教育程度等因素對(duì)添加糖的攝入有任何影響。”

On average, infants consumed a teaspoon of added sugar a day while toddlers consumed about 6 teaspoons a day.

平均而言，嬰兒每天攝入一茶匙添加糖，而幼兒每天攝入約6茶匙。

"We did however find differences in added sugars consumption by race and Hispanic origin," Herrick said. "For example, non-Hispanic Asian toddlers consumed the fewest added sugars at around 3.7 teaspoons [a day]. Non-Hispanic Black toddlers consumed the most added sugars at about 8.2 teaspoons [a day]."

赫里克說(shuō):“不過(guò)，我們確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同種族和西班牙裔對(duì)添加糖攝入量的差異。”“例如，非西班牙裔亞裔幼兒每天攝入的糖添加量最少，約為3.7茶匙。非西班牙裔黑人幼兒每天攝入的糖分最多，約為8.2茶匙。”

The research pulled data from a nationally representative study conducted by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention called the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study looked at consumption between the years of 2011 and 2016.

這項(xiàng)研究從一項(xiàng)由美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心進(jìn)行的全國(guó)代表性研究中提取數(shù)據(jù)，這項(xiàng)研究被稱為“全國(guó)健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)檢查調(diào)查”。該研究調(diào)查了2011年至2016年的消費(fèi)情況。

The analysis also found some good news: overall consumption of sugars has dropped over that five-year period among infants and toddlers. However, nutritionists warn that added sugars at these ages is a concern due to the impact on future taste and food preferences.

分析還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些好消息:在這五年中，嬰幼兒的糖攝入總量有所下降。然而，營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，由于添加糖對(duì)未來(lái)口味和食物偏好的影響，這些年齡段的添加糖是一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題。

"Research has shown that eating patterns established early in life shape later eating patterns," Herrick said, pointing to a study that found 6-year-olds who drank any type of sugar-sweetened beverage before they turned one were more than twice as likely to consume sugary drinks once a day compared to kids who were not exposed to sugar.

赫里克說(shuō)：“研究表明，在生命早期形成的飲食模式?jīng)Q定了以后的飲食模式。”他指出，一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與沒(méi)有接觸糖的兒童相比，在年滿一歲之前喝任何類型的含糖飲料的6歲兒童每天喝一次含糖飲料的可能性是前者的兩倍多。