擔心冠狀病毒嗎?讀讀這篇文章
擔心冠狀病毒嗎?讀讀這篇文章
The novel coronavirus can infect anyone, but it's older adults — ages 60 and up — who are more likely to get seriously sick from it.
這種新型冠狀病毒可以感染任何人，但60歲以上的老年人更有可能因此患上嚴重疾病。
Some tips are applicable to every generation, but there are specific precautions older adults should take to protect their health.
有些建議適用于每一代人，但是老年人應該采取一些具體的預防措施來保護他們的健康。
We spoke to two geriatricians and pulled guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to assemble what people 60 and up need to know about the novel coronavirus.
我們采訪了兩位老年病學家，并從美國疾病控制與預防中心獲得指導，收集了60歲及以上人群需要了解的新型冠狀病毒信息。
Recommendations for Covid-19 may change as officials learn more, so monitor your local health department and the CDC for updates.
對Covid-19的建議可能會隨著官員了解的更多而改變，因此請密切關注當?shù)匦l(wèi)生部門和疾病預防控制中心的最新情況。
What's your risk level
你的風險水平是多少
The CDC says "older adults" and people with severe chronic illness are more likely to become severely ill from Covid-19. Infectious disease experts define "older adults" as anyone age 60 and up, so people in that age group should be cautious.
美國疾病控制與預防中心說，“老年人”和患有嚴重慢性病的人更有可能因為Covid-19而患上重病。傳染病專家將“老年人”定義為任何年齡在60歲以上的人，所以這個年齡段的人應該謹慎。
It's possible to contract the virus at a younger age — it's just more dangerous in older adults because the immune system weakens with age, said Dr. Samir Sinha, director of Geriatrics for the Sinai Health System and the University Health Network in Toronto.
西奈衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)和多倫多大學衛(wèi)生網絡的老年病學主任薩米爾·辛哈博士說，在較年輕的時候感染這種病毒是可能的，但在老年人身上就更危險了，因為隨著年齡的增長，免疫系統(tǒng)會減弱。
People over the age of 80 may want to exercise even more caution. A report published in the medical journal JAMA that examined more than 72.000 Chinese coronavirus patients found that the overall fatality rate was 2.3%. But in adults over 80. the fatality rate rose to 15%.
80歲以上的人可能需要更加謹慎。發(fā)表在醫(yī)學雜志《美國醫(yī)學會雜志》上的一份報告對7.2萬多名中國冠狀病毒患者進行了檢查，結果發(fā)現(xiàn)總病死率為2.3%。但在80歲以上的成年人中，死亡率上升到15%。
If you live in a community where there's an outbreak, you're at a higher risk of infection, too. Follow the advice below.
如果你生活在一個疫情爆發(fā)的社區(qū)，你也有更高的感染風險。遵循下面的建議。
What precautions you should take now
你現(xiàn)在應該采取什么預防措施
Cancel all non-essential doctor's appointments, said Dr. Carla Perissinotto, an associate professor in the Geriatrics Division of the University of California-San Francisco's Department of Medicine.
加州大學舊金山分校醫(yī)學系老年病學部門的副教授卡拉·佩里西諾托說，取消所有不必要的預約。
• Whether it's a standard check-up, a follow-up appointment for a stable condition or an elective procedure, if it can wait, then it should.
無論是標準體檢、病情穩(wěn)定的隨訪預約還是擇期手術，如果可以等待，那么就應該等待。
• If you have an important appointment coming up, consider doing it in a video call or from your smartphone. Telehealth tech lets physicians confer with patients who may not be able to leave their homes.
如果你即將有一個重要的約會，可以考慮通過視頻電話或智能手機來完成。遠程醫(yī)療技術可以讓醫(yī)生為那些可能無法離開家的病人提供咨詢。
• Tell a friend, a loved one, a co-worker or a neighbor if you're concerned about the illness. Appoint one of them as an emergency contact who you can call with concerns or requests for help.
如果你擔心疾病, 告訴朋友、愛人、同事或鄰居。指定他們中的一個作為緊急聯(lián)系人，你可以打電話詢問他們的問題或請求幫助。
• Do what you'd do during flu season: Wash your hands frequently. Use hand sanitizer when soap and water aren't available, though washing your hands is preferred.
做你在流感季節(jié)會做的事:經常洗手。在沒有肥皂和水的情況下使用洗手液，但洗手是更好的選擇。
What you should stock up on
你應該儲備什么
• The CDC recommends keeping enough groceries and toiletries on hand to last you a "prolonged period of time."
美國疾病控制與預防中心建議，在手邊準備足夠的食品和洗漱用品，以維持“一段較長的時間”。
• Stock up on toothpaste, detergent, water filters, etc.
儲備牙膏、清潔劑、水過濾器等。
How you should alter daily activities
你應該如何改變日?；顒?/strong>
Older adults living in communities where the virus has spread should take extra precautions.
居住在病毒傳播地區(qū)的老年人應該采取額外的預防措施。
• Avoid public places where crowds may gather or poorly ventilated buildings where the risk of transmission is higher, the CDC said.
美國疾病控制與預防中心說，避免在人群聚集的公共場所或通風不良、傳播風險較高的建筑物。
• You don't need to shut yourself off from public life — just be vigilant when you enter it.
你不需要把自己與公共生活隔絕——當你進入公共生活時要保持警惕。
• Older adults should still exercise and eat right, just as they would at any other time of the year.
老年人仍然應該鍛煉和正確飲食，就像他們在一年中的其他任何時候一樣。
How you should handle travel
你應該如何處理旅行
• The CDC advises against non-essential plane travel for older adults. Several US airlines have already slashed their flight schedules for the next few months.
疾病預防控制中心建議老年人不要乘坐非必要的飛機旅行。幾家美國航空公司已經削減了未來幾個月的航班計劃。
• It's wise to stay off cruise ships for now, too. Cruise passengers are at an increased risk of person-to-person transmission with all the tight quarters, the CDC said, so if you're already made cruise plans, it's best to cancel them.
現(xiàn)在遠離游輪也是明智的。疾控中心表示，由于艙位緊張，游輪乘客的人際傳播風險增加，所以如果你已經制定了游輪旅行計劃，最好取消旅行計劃。
What you need to know about self-isolation
關于自我隔離你需要知道什么
• The CDC recommends that high-risk groups in communities with outbreaks stay home as much as possible and that people who believe they're sick isolate themselves.
疾控中心建議爆發(fā)疫情的社區(qū)的高危人群盡可能呆在家里，那些認為自己生病的人應該隔離自己。
• Don't cut off contact with family or friends.
不要切斷與家人或朋友的聯(lián)系。
• Keep in touch to update them on your condition and curb boredom.
保持聯(lián)系，告訴他們你的最新情況，避免無聊。
If you think you have the novel coronavirus:Stay home and call your physician.
如果你認為你感染了新型冠狀病毒:呆在家里，打電話給你的醫(yī)生。
If you're diagnosed with the novel coronavirus and your illness is mild: Your physician may advise that you stay home until you recover. If your symptoms are more severe, you may be hospitalized so physicians can monitor your condition.
如果你被診斷出感染了新型冠狀病毒，而且病情較輕，你的醫(yī)生可能會建議你呆在家里直到康復。如果你的癥狀更嚴重，你可能需要住院，以便醫(yī)生監(jiān)測你的情況。
