醫(yī)生對(duì)疑似COVID-19患者何時(shí)尋求幫助提供了建議

醫(yī)生對(duì)疑似COVID-19患者何時(shí)尋求幫助提供了建議

The new coronavirus is killing hundreds each day and swamping hospitals around the world. But catching the disease does not mean you will end up in the ICU.

這種新型冠狀病毒每天導(dǎo)致數(shù)百人死亡，并使世界各地的醫(yī)院陷入癱瘓。但染上這種病并不意味著你最終會(huì)住進(jìn)ICU。

"There are many patients that are fine and that are at home," says Michelle Ng Gong, the chief of critical care medicine at the Montefiore Health System in New York City. Those who don't need a hospital make up "I would dare say, in fact, the vast majority of people," she says.

紐約市蒙蒂菲奧里醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的重癥監(jiān)護(hù)醫(yī)學(xué)主任米歇爾·吳鞏說:“很多病人都很好，他們都待在家里。”“我敢說，事實(shí)上，絕大多數(shù)人，不需要去醫(yī)院”她說。

Doctors like Gong are seeing many dozens of patients walk through their doors each day, and they're getting a better idea of who is at risk for severe illness. Here's their advice for what to watch out for if you think you or a loved one might have COVID-19.

像鞏醫(yī)生這樣的醫(yī)生每天都要接待幾十個(gè)病人，他們對(duì)誰有患上嚴(yán)重疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有了更好的了解。如果你認(rèn)為你或你愛的人可能患有COVID-19.以下是他們的建議。

Know who's at high risk of developing complications

知道誰有患上并發(fā)癥的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

Anyone can be made very sick by the coronavirus, but there are risk factors that increase your chances of developing serious disease.

任何人都可能被冠狀病毒感染，但是有一些危險(xiǎn)因素會(huì)增加你患上嚴(yán)重疾病的機(jī)會(huì)。

By far the biggest factor is age. Data from several nations suggest that hospitalization and death rates rise in people older than 60. Those stats seem to be borne out by what Gong is seeing on the ground in New York City.

到目前為止，最大的因素是年齡。來自幾個(gè)國家的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，60歲以上人群的住院率和死亡率有所上升。鞏醫(yī)生在紐約的所見所聞似乎印證了這些數(shù)據(jù)。

"We've seen over and over again that our elderly patients are faring poorly," she says.

她說:“我們一次又一次地看到，我們的老年病人的情況很糟糕。”

Some symptoms are more worrisome than others

有些癥狀比其他的更令人擔(dān)憂

Fever and dry cough are among the most common symptoms of COVID-19. and by themselves, they don't require immediate medical attention. Additionally, Griffin says, many patients may experience gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea or loose stools.

發(fā)燒和干咳是COVID-19最常見的癥狀，它們本身不需要立即就醫(yī)。此外，格里芬說，許多患者可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)腹瀉或稀便等胃腸道問題。

But Griffin says other symptoms early on in the illness could spell trouble later. In particular, he says, experiencing shortness of breath, significant headache, abdominal pain and severe fatigue in the first few days of illness all appear to be signs that a patient may be in for a tough fight to beat COVID-19.

但是格里芬說，疾病早期的其他癥狀可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致以后的麻煩。他說，尤其要注意的是，患者在發(fā)病的頭幾天出現(xiàn)呼吸短促、劇烈頭痛、腹痛和嚴(yán)重疲勞等癥狀，這些癥狀都表明患者可能會(huì)面臨一場與COVID-19的艱苦斗爭。

Be vigilant, especially as the illness drags into the second week

要保持警惕，尤其是在疾病進(jìn)入第二周的時(shí)候

A unique and unfortunate feature of COVID-19 is that some patients who are starting to feel better suddenly take a turn for the worst. The downturn usually comes between five to seven days into the illness.

COVID-19的一個(gè)獨(dú)特而不幸的特點(diǎn)是，一些患者在開始感覺好一些的時(shí)候，突然轉(zhuǎn)向最壞的情況。病情惡化通常發(fā)生在發(fā)病后5 - 7天。

A recent study by Bhatraju found that patients who need intensive care tend to arrive at the hospital around this time in the progression of their illness, and their deterioration can be extremely rapid. He says he's seen patients that "initially were just requiring a little bit of oxygen — in 24 hours they're on a ventilator."

Bhatraju最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，需要重癥監(jiān)護(hù)的病人往往在這個(gè)時(shí)候到達(dá)醫(yī)院，而且病情惡化的速度非常快。他說，他見過一些病人“最初只是需要一點(diǎn)氧氣——24小時(shí)后他們就需要呼吸機(jī)了。”

If you're not too sick, you may be better off at home

如果你病得不太厲害，你最好呆在家里

"As a general rule, people should stay out of the hospital if they don't need to be in the hospital," Gong says. "Fortunately, most cases of COVID seem to be able to be managed at home."

鞏醫(yī)生說:“一般來說，如果人們不需要住院，他們就應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)院。”“幸運(yùn)的是，大多數(shù)情況下，COVID似乎可以在家里處理。”

According to the CDC, the most important thing to do if you're sick at home is to quarantine yourself from others in your household. That may mean living in a separate room from loved ones or avoiding common spaces. When around other people, the CDC recommends wearing a face mask or scarf to reduce the chance of sickening others, and always try to keep six feet apart.

根據(jù)疾病預(yù)防控制中心的說法，如果你在家生病了，最重要的事情就是把自己和家里的其他人隔離開來。這可能意味著與所愛的人住在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的房間里，或者避開公共空間。當(dāng)和其他人在一起時(shí)，疾病控制中心建議戴口罩或圍巾，以減少其他人患病的機(jī)會(huì)，并盡量保持6英尺的距離。