關于聚會和酒吧的風險該知道些什么

關于聚會和酒吧的風險該知道些什么

Wanting to get together with friends and family to celebrate this holiday weekend but nervous about the coronavirus?

想要和朋友家人一起慶祝這個周末，但又對冠狀病毒感到緊張?

With new infections climbing in most states, infectious disease experts discourage group get-togethers, especially one that involves drinking.

隨著新感染病例在美國大多數(shù)州不斷攀升，傳染病專家們不鼓勵集體聚會，尤其是涉及飲酒的聚會。

Socializing in large groups, sometimes in tight spaces and drinking, which lowers inhibitions and makes it less likely they'll follow pandemic precautions like wearing masks and practicing good hygiene. Plus party-goers talking loudly, which only increases the chance of spraying virus-laden particles on other guests, especially indoors.

在大群體中進行社交活動，有時在狹小的空間內飲酒，這會降低人們的抑制力，讓他們不太可能遵循流行病的預防措施，比如戴口罩和保持良好的衛(wèi)生習慣。再加上參加派對的人大聲喧嘩，這只會增加向其他客人噴灑病毒顆粒的機會，尤其是在室內。

It's really hard to wear a mask in a bar. It's hard to stay six feet apart. It's hard to constantly wash your hands and not touch surfaces other people have touched.

在酒吧真的很難戴口罩。很難保持六英尺的距離。經常洗手，不去接觸別人接觸過的表面是很難的。

If you or those you live with are high risk, it's probably best to sit out any situation where you will be drinking in a group. If you are planning to go out — or to host a shindig — read on for advice to stay safe.

如果你或者那些和你住在一起的人是高危人群，那么最好不要去任何你要和一群人一起喝酒的地方。如果你打算外出或者舉辦一場舞會，請閱讀下面的建議，以確保安全。

Stay outside, but don't let that make you cavalier

呆在外面，但別因為呆在外面就漫不經心

First, a backyard barbecue is much better than a crowded indoor party.

首先，后院燒烤比擁擠的室內派對要好得多。

"Outside activities, you are definitely safer than inside activities," says Dr. Nate Smith, president of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. "There are a lot of things that can be done outdoors safely."

“在戶外活動，你肯定比在室內活動更安全，”國家和地區(qū)衛(wèi)生官員協(xié)會主席內特·史密斯博士說。“有很多事情可以安全地在戶外進行。”

Research shows the chance of catching the virus goes down significantly when you're outdoors.

研究表明，當你在戶外時，感染病毒的幾率會大大降低。

"You get better dilution with air movement in the outdoors. Sunlight is a good inactivator of the virus," says Scott Meschke, a professor of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at the University of Washington.

“戶外的空氣流動能更好地稀釋空氣。陽光是一種很好的病毒滅活劑，”華盛頓大學環(huán)境和職業(yè)健康科學教授斯科特·買斯克說。

But that still doesn't mean you should forego precautions like wearing masks and social distancing.

但這并不意味著你應該放棄戴口罩和保持社交距離等預防措施。

"If people are outdoors and congregating together, without masks right next to each other, shoulder to shoulder, then they are still at risk," says Dr. Rachel Levine, Pennsylvania's health secretary.

賓夕法尼亞州衛(wèi)生部長雷切爾·萊文博士說:“如果人們在戶外聚集在一起，沒有戴口罩，肩并肩，那么他們仍然處于危險之中。”

Monitor your personal air space

監(jiān)控你的私人空間

Speaking generates a cloud of tiny particles that can reach another person if you are near each other, especially if someone isn't wearing a mask.

說話時會產生一團細小的微粒，如果你們離得很近，特別是當有人沒有戴口罩時，這些微粒就能接觸到其他人。

"If we're close together, you're inhaling a very concentrated cloud. And in that situation, I think you're getting a pretty significant dose in your respiratory system," says Dr. Richard Corsi, Dean of Maseeh College of Engineering & Computer Science at Portland State University.

“如果我們靠得很近，你吸入的是非常濃縮的云顆粒。波特蘭州立大學馬瑟工程與計算機科學學院院長理查德·科西博士說：“在這種情況下，我認為你的呼吸系統(tǒng)吸入了相當大的劑量。”

Scientists don't yet understand what "dose" of the virus leads to someone becoming infected and then developing COVID-19. That depends on a variety of factors like the amount of time you spend in a space with the virus, the concentration of infectious virus in the air and how heavily you are breathing, among other things.

科學家們還不清楚究竟是多少“劑量”的病毒會導致某人感染并發(fā)展成COVID-19。這取決于多種因素，比如你在一個空間與病毒呆在一起的時間，空氣中傳染性病毒的濃度，以及你呼吸的程度等等。

Indoors? Pay attention to ventilation

在室內嗎?注意通風

Indoor gatherings pose a higher risk because it's generally harder to avoid close interactions, and there isn't as much air flow, either.

室內聚會的風險更高，因為一般情況下，避免親密接觸比較困難，而且室內的空氣流通性不強。

Spaces without good ventilation can have tiny aerosolized particles hanging in the room and possibly infecting people. Corsi says it's not yet clear exactly how much of a role this plays in spreading infection, but there's growing evidence it can be significant.

沒有良好通風的空間可能會有微小的懸浮顆粒懸浮在房間里，可能會感染人?？莆髡f，目前還不清楚這種病毒在傳播感染中究竟起到了多大的作用，但越來越多的證據(jù)表明它(在感染病毒方面)可能是重要的。