七夕話私奔——穿越到古代你敢私奔嗎?

所屬教程:英語文化

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“Elopement” is a term or an event with some sort of mysteriousness. In China, stories about runaway lovers are quite a lot. Some may wonder, what eventually happened to the runaway lovers, or if there were happy endings to those brave lovers.

“私奔”總是個(gè)神秘的話題。在中國(guó)，也有很多關(guān)于私奔的故事。你也許會(huì)好奇：私奔最終會(huì)有怎樣的結(jié)局，那些勇敢的情侶們會(huì)有個(gè)圓滿的結(jié)局嗎？

In ancient China, elopement mainly referred to the act of running away with one’s beloved. The lovers, usually not able to gain approval of marriage from parents, had to resort to a secret runaway. Mostly the female lover would follow her beloved male lover.

在古代中國(guó)，私奔是指和所愛的人一起逃跑。情侶們的婚姻得不到父母的支持，不得不選擇秘密逃跑。通常，是女方跟隨男方逃跑。

In fact, “elopement” seldom happened in ordinary households. In the rich or official families, as the young generation received a relatively higher education, there were cases of young lovers going against their parents’ wish and running away for marriage freedom. However, as the act did not accord with the value of “arranging a match by parents’ order and on the matchmaker’s word” which was much advocated by the feudal ethics, not many stories of runaway lovers have been handed down.

事實(shí)上，在普通家庭中，私奔是很少發(fā)生的。在一些權(quán)貴家庭，年輕一代所接受的教育水平比較高，容易背離父母一輩的期望，為了婚姻自由而私奔。但是由于私奔的行為不符合“父母之命，媒妁之言”的封建傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀，流傳下來的關(guān)于私奔的故事相當(dāng)之少。

Among the numbered cases, the romance of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun is the most renowned one, and also one of the rare successes. Sima Xiangru was a poor lad from obscure background, in modern words, he was the one “without house, without car, without money and without card。” Yet by pure chance he moved Zhuo Wenjun, a lady from a rich family, with a guqin-accompanied song, The Male Phoenix Seeks His Mate. After the two eloped, Sima Xiangru was still the same talented scholar with little wealth, and Zhuo Wenjun had to sell liquor in the market despite her eminent family background, turning herself into a peddler – as modern people put it. Fortunately, both of them cherished their hard-earned relation, so the ending was generally happy. Yet judging from the long history, more of the eloping girls did not end so well: a lot becoming one of the many concubines, feeling depressed; and some being cheated, deserted by their beloved in the end.

在屈指可數(shù)的案例中，司馬相如和卓文君的愛情故事最為著名，也是極少數(shù)獲得成功的案例之一。司馬相如出身平庸，用現(xiàn)在的話說就是“無房無車無錢沒卡”一族。但是他居然用一曲古琴《鳳求凰》打動(dòng)了富家小姐卓文君。兩個(gè)人私奔后，司馬相如仍然是個(gè)一貧如洗的窮書生，而卓文君不得不由富家千金淪為賣酒小販。幸運(yùn)的是，兩個(gè)人都很珍惜這段來之不易的感情，所以故事有一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的結(jié)局。但是，如果縱觀歷史，更多女子在私奔后的結(jié)局都沒有這么美好：很多淪為小妾，郁郁終生，還有些甚至被出軌的愛人所拋棄。

The ancient Chinese society had a severe punishment for those “eloping” lovers. If a man was caught eloping, his name would be removed from the family temple, his land be confiscated, and his body tied to a door plank, beaten by stick until he was severely hurt or even dead; the girl would be either forced to go home or drowned in the well. If the girl was born in a more prominent family, the poor lad would be evicted out of the family’s sphere of influence. No matter the eloper was man or woman, the family of the elopers would feel unable to “hold up their heads” in their living circle.

古代中國(guó)社會(huì)對(duì)私奔的情侶有一種嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。如果男子私奔被捉到，他會(huì)被從家廟中除名，擁有的土地被沒收，而人則會(huì)被綁在門板上用木棍抽打直至重傷甚至死去。女子如果私奔被捉，或者是被休回家，或者被扔到井里淹死。如果女子出生名門，她則會(huì)被驅(qū)逐出家族的勢(shì)力范圍。不管私奔的是男子還是女子，家里人都會(huì)因此在鄰里中“抬不起頭”。