《釣魚島是中國的固有領(lǐng)土》白皮書

五、中國為維護釣魚島主權(quán)進行堅決斗爭

V.China has Taken Resolute Measures to Safeguard its Sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao

長期以來，中國為維護釣魚島的主權(quán)進行了堅決斗爭。

China has, over the past years, taken resolute measures to safeguard its sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao。

中國通過外交途徑強烈抗議和譴責(zé)美日私相授受釣魚島。1951年8月15日，舊金山會議召開前，中國政府聲明：“對日和約的準(zhǔn)備、擬制和簽訂，如果沒有中華人民共和國的參加，無論其內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如何，中央人民政府一概認(rèn)為是非法的，因而也是無效的。”1951年9月18日，中國政府再次聲明，強調(diào) “舊金山和約”是非法無效的，絕對不能承認(rèn)。1971年，針對美、日兩國國會先后批準(zhǔn)“歸還沖繩協(xié)定”的行為，中國外交部嚴(yán)正聲明，釣魚島等島嶼自古以來就是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。

China has, through the diplomatic channel, strongly protested against and condemned the backroom deals between the United States and Japan over Diaoyu Dao. On August 15, 1951, before the San Francisco Conference, the Chinese government made a statement: "If the People's Republic of China is excluded from the preparation, formulation and signing of the peace treaty with Japan, it will, no matter what its content and outcome are, be regarded as illegal and therefore invalid by the central people's government." On September 18, 1951, the Chinese government issued another statement stressing that the Treaty of San Francisco is illegal and invalid and can under no circumstances be recognized. In 1971, responding to the ratifications of the Okinawa Reversion Agreement by the US Congress and Japanese Diet, the Chinese Foreign Ministry issued a stern statement which pointed out that the Diaoyu Dao Islands have been an indivisible part of the Chinese territory since ancient times。

針對日本侵犯中國釣魚島主權(quán)的非法行徑，中國政府采取積極有力措施，通過發(fā)表外交聲明、對日嚴(yán)正交涉和向聯(lián)合國提交反對照會等舉措表示抗議，鄭重宣示中國的一貫主張和原則立場，堅決捍衛(wèi)中國的領(lǐng)土主權(quán)和海洋權(quán)益，切實維護中國公民的人身和財產(chǎn)安全。

In response to Japan's illegal violation of China's sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao, the Chinese government has taken active and forceful measures such as issuing diplomatic statements, making serious representations with Japan and submitting notes of protest to the United Nations, solemnly stating China's consistent proposition, principle and position, firmly upholding China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, and earnestly protecting the safety of life and property of Chinese citizens。

中國通過國內(nèi)立法明確規(guī)定釣魚島屬于中國。1958年，中國政府發(fā)表領(lǐng)海聲明，宣布臺灣及其周圍各島屬于中國。針對日本自20世紀(jì)70年代以來對釣魚島所采取的種種侵權(quán)行為，中國于1992年頒布《中華人民共和國領(lǐng)海及毗連區(qū)法》時，明確規(guī)定“臺灣及其包括釣魚島在內(nèi)的附屬各島”屬于中國領(lǐng)土。 2009年頒布的《中華人民共和國海島保護法》確立了海島保護開發(fā)和管理制度，對海島名稱的確定和發(fā)布作了規(guī)定，據(jù)此，中國于2012年3月公布了釣魚島及其部分附屬島嶼的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱。2012年9月10日，中國政府發(fā)表聲明，公布了釣魚島及其附屬島嶼的領(lǐng)?；€。9月13日，中國政府向聯(lián)合國秘書長交存釣魚島及其附屬島嶼領(lǐng)?；c基線的坐標(biāo)表和海圖。

China has enacted domestic laws, which clearly provide that Diaoyu Dao belongs to China. In 1958, the Chinese government released a statement on the territorial sea, announcing that Taiwan and its adjacent islands belong to China. In light of Japan's repeated violations of China's sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao since the 1970s, China adopted the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone in 1992, which unequivocally prescribes that "Taiwan and the various affiliated islands including Diaoyu Dao" belong to China. The 2009 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Offshore Islands establishes the protection, development and management system of offshore islands and prescribes the determination and announcement of the names of offshore islands, on the basis of which China announced the standard names of Diaoyu Dao and some of its affiliated islands in March 2012. On September 10, 2012, the Chinese government issued a statement announcing the baselines of the territorial sea of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands. On September 13, the Chinese government deposited the coordinates table and chart of the base points and baselines of the territorial sea of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands with the Secretary-General of the United Nations。

中國始終在釣魚島海域保持經(jīng)常性的存在，并進行管轄。中國海監(jiān)執(zhí)法船在釣魚島海域堅持巡航執(zhí)法，漁政執(zhí)法船在釣魚島海域進行常態(tài)化執(zhí)法巡航和護漁，維護該海域正常的漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)秩序。中國還通過發(fā)布天氣和海洋觀測預(yù)報等，對釣魚島及其附近海域?qū)嵤┕芾怼?/p>

China has maintained routine presence and exercised jurisdiction in the waters of Diaoyu Dao. China's marine surveillance vessels have been carrying out law enforcement patrol missions in the waters of Diaoyu Dao, and fishery administration law enforcement vessels have been conducting regular law enforcement patrols and fishery protection missions to uphold normal fishing order in the waters of Diaoyu Dao. China has also exercised administration over Diaoyu Dao and the adjacent waters by releasing weather forecasts and through oceanographic monitoring and forecasting。

一直以來，釣魚島問題受到港澳同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞的共同關(guān)注。釣魚島自古以來就是中國的固有領(lǐng)土，這是全體中華兒女的共同立場。中華民族在維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整問題上有著堅定的決心。兩岸同胞在民族大義面前，在共同維護民族利益和尊嚴(yán)方面，是一致的。港澳臺同胞和海內(nèi)外廣大華僑華人紛紛開展各種形式的活動，維護釣魚島領(lǐng)土主權(quán)，強烈表達了中華兒女的正義立場，向世界展示了中華民族愛好和平、維護國家主權(quán)、捍衛(wèi)領(lǐng)土完整的決心和意志。

Over the years, the issue of Diaoyu Dao has attracted attention from Hong Kong and Macao compatriots, Taiwan compatriots and overseas Chinese. Diaoyu Dao has been an inherent territory of China since ancient times. This is the common position of the entire Chinese nation. The Chinese nation has the strong resolve to uphold state sovereignty and territorial integrity. The compatriots across the Taiwan Straits stand firmly together on matters of principle to the nation and in the efforts to uphold national interests and dignity. The compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and the overseas Chinese have all carried out various forms of activities to safeguard China's territorial sovereignty over Diaoyu Dao, strongly expressing the just position of the Chinese nation, and displaying to the rest of the world that the peace-loving Chinese nation has the determination and the will to uphold China's state sovereignty and territorial integrity。