生于2014年風(fēng)靡歐美的十大機(jī)器人明星

The Year in Robots

生于2014年風(fēng)靡歐美的十大機(jī)器人明星

At the end of every year in recent memory, it seems, high-tech optimists have predicted the next year as the one when robots will finally lift from our shoulders the burden of dreary domestic tasks.

回顧近些年，似乎每當(dāng)接近年終之時(shí)，那些擁護(hù)高科技的樂觀主義者就會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)，在未來一年里，機(jī)器人終將挑起我們肩上的家務(wù)重?fù)?dān)。

Think washing floors, scrubbing the grill, cutting the lawn, watering plants, changing cat litter, vacuuming the carpet — and, for good measure, pacifying the baby and entertaining the older children.

想想看，那些清潔地板、擦洗燒烤架、修剪草坪、給植物澆水、換貓砂和吸地毯的家務(wù)活兒——更妙的是，還能哄哄小嬰兒，逗逗大孩子。

In 2014, a new crowd of scrubbing, vacuuming, mowing and entertaining models reached the market.

2014年中，一批具備擦拭、吸塵、娛樂等功能的新型機(jī)器人登臺(tái)亮相，各顯其能?？靵砜纯此麄冋l能幫到你!

That was certainly the case at the close of 2013, said Dan Kara, a robotics analyst with ABI Research. “This was supposed to be the year where everything was going to be different,” Mr. Kara said. “Again.”

這確實(shí)就是2013年結(jié)束前的情況，一家市場(chǎng)調(diào)研公司ABI Rearch的機(jī)器人科技分析師丹·卡拉(Dan Kara)說。“應(yīng)該就在今年，會(huì)發(fā)生翻天覆地的變化，”卡拉說，“再一次。”

And while that home-robotics revolution didn’t exactly come to fruition this year, Mr. Kara said a handful of interesting robotic debuts in 2014 brought consumers one step closer to the chore-free home of the future.

雖然在這一年里，家用機(jī)器人的革命沒有實(shí)實(shí)在在地結(jié)出什么果實(shí)，但卡拉說，有十多款于2014年初次亮相的趣味機(jī)器人，讓消費(fèi)者們向沒有家務(wù)活兒的未來又邁近了一步。

That sentiment was echoed by two others who closely follow the consumer robotics industry: Erico Guizzo, editor of the Automaton blog of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and Andra Keay, managing director of Silicon Valley Robotics, an industry group. Based on recommendations from these specialists, as well as some firsthand tests, here are 10 notable robots that made their debut this year.

這種想法還得到了另外兩個(gè)人的回應(yīng)，他們都是消費(fèi)型機(jī)器人行業(yè)的密切追蹤者：一位是電子與電氣工程師協(xié)會(huì)(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)“機(jī)器人”(Automaton)博客的編輯埃里克·圭佐(Erico Guizzo)，另一位是該行業(yè)中一個(gè)名為“硅谷機(jī)器人(Silicon Valley Robotics)”的商業(yè)團(tuán)體的主管安德拉·凱伊(Andra Keay)。根據(jù)這幾位專家的推薦和某些一手測(cè)評(píng)，這里給大家介紹十款今年首次亮相的超棒機(jī)器人。

Neato Botvac Vacuums constitute the biggest and most competitive consumer-robotics category in the marketplace, and they’re getting better. The earliest models were criticized for their over-reliance on humans to maintain them. (“I had to constantly clean my cleaning robot,” Mr. Guizzo said.) Owners also had to drag the bots to their charging stations when the batteries died, and move furniture that the robots couldn’t squeeze beneath. The Neato Botvac ($480 to $600) requires less cleaning than the earliest robotic vacuums, and it features good pickup power and a low profile that helps it sneak under couches. My favorite feature: When the battery is low, the Botvac returns to its charging station. When Dyson’s much-anticipated robot appears next year, watch for similar features.

吸塵機(jī)器人(Neato Botvac) 真空吸塵器是市場(chǎng)上規(guī)模最大、也最有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的一類消費(fèi)型機(jī)器人，而且設(shè)計(jì)得越來越好。這類機(jī)器人最早的型號(hào)，因?yàn)檫^度依賴人類的維護(hù)而受到了一些指責(zé)(“我得常常清理我的清潔機(jī)器人。”圭佐說)。主人還得把它在電池耗盡后搬到充電器旁，或者把它無法鉆下去清掃的那些家具挪開。而這臺(tái)售價(jià)在480美元(約合人民幣2979元)至600美元(約合人民幣3724元)的Neato Botvac機(jī)器人所需的維護(hù)工作，則比早期的機(jī)器人吸塵器少得多。這款機(jī)器人的特點(diǎn)是吸附能力強(qiáng)，且扁平的外形有助于它鉆入沙發(fā)下面。我最喜歡的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是：一旦進(jìn)入低電量狀態(tài)，Botvac機(jī)器人就會(huì)回到自己的充電站。等明年戴森公司(Dyson)那款眾望所歸的機(jī)器人上市時(shí)，我們?cè)賮砜纯此念愃乒δ馨伞?/p>

Grillbot It’s a small, nasty job that’s too often forgotten until the food is ready to throw on the barbecue, but cleaning a grill can be a pleasure — as long as someone else is doing it. The $130 Grillbot works like a miniature Roomba, but with more fearsome metal bristles. On a hot or cold grill, start the bot, close the lid and 10 to 30 minutes later, the grate is clean enough to cook on. Some users have noted the bot’s tendency to shed bristles, but Ethan Woods, the company’s chief executive, said a new design has addressed the issue. Forgetful types will appreciate the device’s alarm, which sounds when the bot is left in a hot grill for too long.

烤架機(jī)器人(Grillbot) 清潔烤架是項(xiàng)細(xì)碎繁瑣的工作，通常人們直到食物已經(jīng)要上架烤了，才會(huì)想起架子還沒擦。但清洗烤架也可以是一種樂趣，只要干活的人不是自己。這臺(tái)售價(jià)130 美元(約合人民幣807元)的烤架機(jī)器人，工作起來就像一臺(tái)迷你的Roomba吸塵器，只是多了些嚇人的金屬鬃毛。在一臺(tái)灼熱或冰冷的烤架上啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器人，并合上蓋子，經(jīng)過10至30分鐘，格柵就潔凈一新，可以開始燒烤了。有些用戶已經(jīng)注意到，這款機(jī)器人有脫落鬃毛的趨勢(shì)，但該公司的首席執(zhí)行官伊桑·伍茲(Ethan Woods)說，目前新設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人已經(jīng)解決了這一問題。有健忘癥的人還會(huì)喜歡該設(shè)備的鬧鐘設(shè)計(jì)，如果機(jī)器人被忘在一個(gè)受熱的烤架上，時(shí)間一長就會(huì)鈴聲大作。

Soloshot2 Filming oneself, for fun or work, is easy enough if you stand still. But for less-static pursuits — like sports, dance or just even romping in the yard with your toddler — filming and doing are mutually exclusive. The Soloshot2 is a $400 system made up of a robotic camera harness and a separate sensor that attaches to whatever you want to film. The harness points the camera in the direction of the sensor. With a range of 2,000 feet and a battery life of eight hours for the base and four hours for the sensor, the Soloshot2 can be used to videotape any activity, even your next synchronized swimming session (the sensor is waterproof). The only thing you need worry about is someone stealing your camera while you’re playing in the pool.

自拍機(jī)器人(Soloshot2) 不管是拍著玩還是從事攝影工作，站著不動(dòng)的自拍容易得很。但要拍攝不那么靜態(tài)的畫面——比如運(yùn)動(dòng)、跳舞，或者只是在院子里和你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子嬉鬧，這時(shí)候拍攝和被拍就總難以兼顧了。這臺(tái)Soloshot2是一套價(jià)值400美元(約合人民幣2482元)的系統(tǒng)，由機(jī)器人攝像架與一個(gè)附著在拍攝對(duì)象上的獨(dú)立感應(yīng)器組成。該設(shè)備的拍攝距離為2000英尺(約610米)，基座電池壽命8小時(shí)，感應(yīng)器4小時(shí)，因而可以用來錄制任何活動(dòng)，甚至是你的下一次花樣游泳表演(感應(yīng)器是防水的)。你唯一需要擔(dān)心的是在泳池里玩耍時(shí)，有人偷走你的攝影機(jī)。

Litter-Robot Changing cat litter is the most dreaded entry on my children’s list of chores. The Litter-Robot may change that. It’s built with a sensor that knows when your cat has visited, and afterward the unit rotates like a giant cement mixer, to sift and deposit clumps into a waste tray. There are downsides: The Litter-Robot is fairly big — about 29 inches high and roughly 25 inches from front to back — so it may not fit easily in smaller apartments. At $389, it’s not cheap. And you need to keep it stocked with carbon filters and waste-tray liners.

貓廁機(jī)器人(Litter-Robot) 在我家孩子們的家務(wù)清單上，換貓砂是最無趣的一件事。現(xiàn)在，這臺(tái)貓廁機(jī)器人可能會(huì)帶來些改變。該設(shè)備裝了一個(gè)感應(yīng)器，可以知道你的貓何時(shí)來過，然后這臺(tái)機(jī)器就會(huì)旋轉(zhuǎn)起來，像一臺(tái)巨大的水泥攪拌機(jī)，把塊狀物都過濾下來，倒進(jìn)一個(gè)垃圾盤里。但它也有些缺點(diǎn)：這臺(tái)機(jī)器人太大了——高約29英寸(約74厘米)，前后長約25英寸(約64厘米)。所以，面積較小的公寓可能不太合適。而且389美元(約合人民幣2414元)的售價(jià)也不便宜。你還得為它裝好活性炭過濾器及廢物盤內(nèi)的襯墊。

rockaRoo A company based in Pittsburgh, 4moms, built the rockaRoo to track a baby’s weight and seat position hundreds of times per second, and replicate the rocking motion with a seat that pivots at the bottom. The motion includes “falling at the speed of gravity,” the company said, and the motor is quiet enough to allow napping or for the baby to hear whatever music parents wish to play over the device’s internal speakers. For parents of colicky or otherwise sleepless babies, this particular bot may be worth the $180 price. For this parent of older kids, it arrived around 12 years too late.

搖搖機(jī)器人(rockaRoo) 總部設(shè)于匹茲堡(Pittsburgh)的公司4moms建造了搖搖機(jī)器人rockaRoo，該設(shè)備可以感應(yīng)嬰兒的體重，每秒鐘數(shù)百次地追蹤嬰兒的坐姿，并可通過一個(gè)底部活動(dòng)的座椅反復(fù)搖擺。該公司稱，這個(gè)搖擺的動(dòng)作包括“以重力的速度下落”;而且座椅的馬達(dá)安靜得足以讓嬰兒入睡，還能讓寶寶聽到座椅內(nèi)置音箱中的音樂，父母想通過它播放什么都可以。對(duì)于家中寶寶不睡覺或愛哭鬧的父母而言，這臺(tái)售價(jià)180美元(約合人民幣117元)的獨(dú)特機(jī)器人也許物有所值。而對(duì)孩子年齡更大一些的父母來說，這臺(tái)機(jī)器人大概發(fā)明玩了12年吧。

Scooba 450 No company has done more to popularize home robotics than iRobot, the maker of the Roomba vacuum, the Looj gutter cleaner, the Mirra pool cleaner and, this year, the Scooba 450 floor scrubber. The $600 device soaks the floor, spreads cleaner and scrubs and vacuums the dirty water before a final pass with a squeegee. One hiccup we had during our otherwise successful testing: The “Virtual Wall” accessory, which creates an infrared barrier to keep the Scooba out of specific areas, cast so much infrared light that in smaller spaces the robot was hesitant to scrub anywhere.

洗地機(jī)器人(Scooba 450) 論及家用機(jī)器人的普及化，哪家公司都比不過iRobot。這家制造商生產(chǎn)了除塵者Romba、清溝者Looj、清池者M(jìn)irra，以及今年(2014年 ——譯注)推出的洗地機(jī)器人Scooba450。這臺(tái)售價(jià)600美元(約合人民幣3724元)的設(shè)備可以把地板打濕、噴灑清潔劑，擦拭后再吸去臟水，最后用一把橡膠掃帚清潔一遍。這款產(chǎn)品本可以通過我們的測(cè)評(píng)，但中途出了個(gè)小岔子：為了讓Scooba繞過某些特定的區(qū)域，我們用“虛擬墻壁”設(shè)備釋放出一些紅外線作為屏障，但它釋放的紅外線太多了，以至于在面積較小的地方，這臺(tái)機(jī)器人竟無所適從，不知該去哪兒打掃。

Robomow RS Most household tasks can be blown off with few consequences. Drag your feet on lawn-mowing duties, though, and you pay dearly. Robomow’s RS ($1,100 to $2,000) is among the latest entries in a category that’s attracting competition from established brands and start-ups. Setting up the mower can be a chore, as you must map out your yard with wires to define the Robomow’s boundaries. Once that’s done, though, the bot cuts as often as you like and returns to its charging dock when low on power. It’s electric, so noise is less of a problem than with conventional mowers. For American consumers, one big question for Robomow and its competitors is long-term reliability. But analysts give the latest generation of robotic mowers good marks for reliability, and electric mowers generally require none of the annual maintenance faced by owners of gas-powered mowers.

剪草坪機(jī)器人(Robomow RS) 大多數(shù)家務(wù)活兒都可以拖上一拖，后果并不嚴(yán)重;但你如果拖拖拉拉地不剪草坪，那代價(jià)可就大了。Robomow公司的RS機(jī)器人(售價(jià)1100美元[約合人民幣6837元]至2000美元[約合人民幣12412元])，是剪草坪機(jī)器人中新推出的幾款產(chǎn)品之一，目前，這類產(chǎn)品正吸引著來自成熟品牌與新興公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。啟用這臺(tái)割草機(jī)的工作可能非常繁瑣，因?yàn)槟愕糜描F絲在草坪上劃分出Robomow機(jī)器人的工作范圍。不過，一旦這項(xiàng)工作完成，這款機(jī)器人便可讓你隨心所欲地剪草坪，想剪幾次就剪幾次了。用到電量低時(shí)，它就會(huì)自動(dòng)返回充電平臺(tái)。由于這臺(tái)機(jī)器是電動(dòng)的，所以比起傳統(tǒng)的割草機(jī)，它的噪音基本不成問題。而對(duì)美國消費(fèi)者而言，Robomow剪草機(jī)及其市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者都面臨著長期可靠性的問題。不過分析家們都給新一代機(jī)器人剪草機(jī)的可靠性評(píng)出了高分。此外，電動(dòng)剪草機(jī)無需每年維護(hù)，而燃?xì)飧畈輽C(jī)的用戶則要面對(duì)這一問題。

Kibo The toy market is cluttered with robots that dance and make noise and then, if my children are any indication, collect dust once a child has grown bored with the toy’s schtick. Kibo is a different breed of bot, having emerged from a children’s technology lab at Tufts University. Designed for ages 4 to 7, it’s a learning tool disguised as a toy: Kids program the $230 robot using wooden blocks that form different commands. Kibo scans the sequence of the blocks and executes the commands, while also reacting to sounds, light and obstacles. Its components are so intuitively designed that a child (or adult) can operate it without reading directions. The idea isn’t so much to get kids to understand programming, but rather to use a self-programmed device to enhance playtime activities like storytelling and role playing.

玩具機(jī)器人(Kibo) 玩具市場(chǎng)上充斥著許多機(jī)器人，它們可以跳舞、可以發(fā)出聲音，若以我家孩子的情況作參考，一旦他們的新鮮勁兒過了，這種機(jī)器人還可以收集灰塵。但Kibo是一種與眾不同的機(jī)器人，它由塔夫茨大學(xué)(Tufts University)的一間兒童應(yīng)用技術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造，專門為4至7歲的兒童設(shè)計(jì)，是一個(gè)偽裝成玩具的學(xué)習(xí)工具：孩子們利用可組成不同命令的木塊，來給這個(gè)售價(jià)230美元(約合人民幣1427元)的機(jī)器人設(shè)置程序。Kibo機(jī)器人先掃描這些木塊的順序，然后執(zhí)行這些命令，并對(duì)聲音、光線和障礙物做出反應(yīng)。該機(jī)器人的零部件設(shè)計(jì)得非常直觀，使得孩子(或成人)不用讀說明書也能操作。該產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)理念，并不是要讓孩子們理解編程;而是用這種可自行編程的設(shè)備，強(qiáng)化諸如講故事和角色扮演等游戲活動(dòng)的樂趣。

Robotis Mini Robotis generated much attention for its Robotis-OP humanoid robot, which was praised for its sophistication and versatility, but which carries a $12,000 price tag. This year the company released a miniature version of that device, which loses some of the versatility and durability of its bigger sibling but remains a technological wonder. Unlike the humanoid robot toys on the market, the $500 Mini is programmable and responds to touch, gesture and voice commands with fluidity and precision. Some owners have complained that putting the robot together is unduly difficult, and the company tacitly acknowledged as much with video tutorials intended to help users through the hourslong assembly process. Another significant drawback, for now, is that you need an Android mobile device running Android software version 4.0 to control the Mini. The cheapest of these are around $150. An Apple version is in the works, the company said.

Robotis迷你機(jī)器人(Robotis Mini) Robotis公司由于生產(chǎn)出了Robotis-OP人形機(jī)器人而備受關(guān)注，這款機(jī)器人因設(shè)計(jì)精良、功能多樣而受到好評(píng)。但它貼著一個(gè)12000美元(約合人民幣74474元)的價(jià)簽。今年，該公司發(fā)布了這款機(jī)器人的迷你版。雖然在多功能與持久性方面，它比自家的原版兄弟稍遜一籌，但在技術(shù)上仍是個(gè)奇跡。與市場(chǎng)上的人形機(jī)器人玩具不同，這款售價(jià)500美元(約合人民幣3103元)的迷你機(jī)器人采用了程控設(shè)計(jì)，可以流暢精準(zhǔn)地對(duì)觸摸、手勢(shì)和聲音命令做出反應(yīng)。但一些買家曾抱怨，把這款機(jī)器人組裝起來實(shí)在太難了，該公司也坦然默認(rèn)，推出了視屏教程，意在幫助用戶完成這個(gè)歷時(shí)數(shù)小時(shí)的組裝過程。從目前來看，該產(chǎn)品的另一個(gè)重大缺點(diǎn)是，你需要一個(gè)安卓(Android)系統(tǒng)的移動(dòng)設(shè)備來運(yùn)行4.0版的安卓軟件，才能控制這臺(tái)迷你機(jī)器人。這樣一套配置，最便宜的價(jià)格約為150美元(約合人民幣931元)。據(jù)該公司說，該產(chǎn)品的蘋果版配置尚在開發(fā)中。

Droplet Gardeners with day jobs and cluttered lives understand that watering plants is a classic problem. You want precise and regular watering; you’re more apt to deliver a massive dousing after work and before dinner, and only after the plants have begun tilting earthward for lack of moisture. At $300, Droplet is a pricey but reliable solution to the problem. Set the sprinkler in place, program the system on a computer or mobile device and connect it to your home’s Wi-Fi router, and the system takes over from there. Droplet checks weather data and points the sprinkler to specific pockets of your garden to deliver water where and when it’s needed. With a range of 30 feet in all directions, the units can manage bigger gardens and entire swaths of lawn with less wasted water.

澆水機(jī)器人(Droplet) 那些白天要上班、生活一團(tuán)亂的養(yǎng)花人都知道，給植物澆水是個(gè)大問題。你總想按時(shí)按量地澆水;但在下班后、晚餐前，或只是在植物們因缺水萎蔫之后，你澆著澆著就澆多了。對(duì)于這個(gè)問題，這款售價(jià)300美元(約合人民幣1862元)的澆水機(jī)器人是個(gè)雖然昂貴卻切實(shí)可行的解決方案。請(qǐng)把灑水器安裝到位，然后在一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)或移動(dòng)設(shè)備上為該系統(tǒng)設(shè)定程序，再將系統(tǒng)連上你家的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由器，它就可以接管你家花園里的工作了。澆水機(jī)器人會(huì)首先檢查相關(guān)的天氣數(shù)據(jù)，然后在合適的時(shí)間跟地點(diǎn)，將灑水器對(duì)準(zhǔn)花園里的特定位置澆水。該設(shè)備可以在30英尺的范圍內(nèi)全方位地澆水，因而可以管理較大面積的花園與各處草坪，而且用水量也浪費(fèi)得更少。