1. 何謂“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”
“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”是指一些能夠指明句與句之間邏輯關(guān)系的詞。有些關(guān)聯(lián)詞可以連接從句與主句,有些關(guān)聯(lián)詞可以連接獨立的兩個句子。
2. 學(xué)習(xí)“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”的方法
對于“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”的學(xué)習(xí),小編建議考生按照其表示的邏輯關(guān)系來分類學(xué)習(xí),具體邏輯關(guān)系如下:
①表示舉例
a case in point, after all, as an proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate
②表示增補(bǔ)
additionally, along with, also, as well as, besides, equally, even, furthermore, in addition, just as, moreover, not only…but also…, what‘s more
③表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
above all, as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, most important, obviously, to be sure, truly, undoubtedly, without doubt
?、鼙硎颈容^
by comparison, equally, equally important, in comparison, in the same way, in the same manner, likewise, similarly
?、荼硎咀尣?/p>
admittedly, after all, all the same, although, even so, in spite of, nevertheless
?、薇硎窘Y(jié)果
accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thus.
⑦表示轉(zhuǎn)折
although, but, despite, except for, though, however, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, though, yet.
?、啾硎窘Y(jié)論
as has been noted(mentioned, stated), at last, finally, in a word, all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in sum, in summary, to conclude, to sum up , to summarize.
3. 學(xué)習(xí)“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”的作用
?、僭鰪?qiáng)表達(dá)的地道性
英文是顯性的語言,它完全不同于隱性的中文。因為英文中的邏輯幾乎都是躍然紙上的,顯露在外的。然而,中文幾乎不要求邏輯,是隱晦的。所以,小編考生在英文寫作詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)中,首先要積累的就是英文中能夠直接說明句與句之間邏輯的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,同時摒棄中文表達(dá)不強(qiáng)調(diào)邏輯的習(xí)慣。
?、谠鰪?qiáng)論證的流暢度
議論文中最難寫的部分往往是支持句。很多考生把作文架子搭起來之后,就一籌莫展了。而熟練使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞是很好的解決問題的方法。因為支持句實際上,就是通過一些論證方法將其表達(dá)出來,而常見的論證方法有舉例論證、因果論證、對比論證等。那就不難發(fā)現(xiàn),熟練使用“關(guān)聯(lián)詞”可以幫助考生更好的擴(kuò)展支持句,做到文章有理有據(jù)而且流暢清晰。
第二步:學(xué)習(xí)“題干核心詞”
1. 何謂“題干核心詞”
的安排」
Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate on all school subjects, while others claim that students should focus on the subject that they are best at or that they find interesting. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
以上黑體字部分為實意詞。找到實意詞之后,考生可以借助詞典或其他工具積累近義詞或同義詞。
題干的核心詞
1. 學(xué)生種類:
Teenager: Adolescent, Juvenile (formal or law),
University students: Undergraduate, postgraduate
2. 教育層次:
Basic education: Grade school, elementary school, (6-12), junior school, senior/high school
Post-school education, tertiary education, advanced education, higher education
3. 課程:
Curriculum, course, subject, programme
4. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí):
Online learning, tele-education, virtual class, distance learning, e-learning
3. 學(xué)習(xí)“題干核心詞”的作用
?、僭鰪?qiáng)審題的準(zhǔn)確性
寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的第一項為“task response”,要求考生的作文要扣題去寫。但是,有一部分考生由于詞匯量不夠題目都看不明白,那么作文必然走題。通過復(fù)習(xí)“寫作機(jī)經(jīng)”積累“題干核心詞”可以大大降低走題的可能性,保證審題的準(zhǔn)確性,因為寫作題目題干的一些核心詞往往不會改變。
?、诳焖贁U(kuò)展開頭段
“萬事開頭難”這句俗話在寫作中也有體現(xiàn)—考生會在寫作的開始不知道如何下筆。開頭段的目的實際上最重要的就是“引出主題”,而題干就是在引題,但是考試有規(guī)定題干不能照抄。那么,題干核心詞的近義詞就有大用處了,它們可以幫助考生快速改寫題干,完成開頭段引出主題的任務(wù)。