托福詞匯之十三五規(guī)劃

　　《建議》摘要：堅(jiān)持普惠性、?；?、均等化、可持續(xù)方向，從解決人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問(wèn)題入手，增強(qiáng)政府職責(zé)(responsibilities of government)，建立更高效的公共服務(wù)(more efficient public services)。

　　2. 扶貧攻堅(jiān)(Poverty Relief)：讓7000多萬(wàn)貧困人口全部脫貧

　　《建議》摘要：我國(guó)現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧(get rid of poverty)，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。

　　"Eliminating poverty in rural areas is the most difficult challenge to building a moderately prosperous society," said Xi.

　　習(xí)近平表示，農(nóng)村貧困人口脫貧是全面建成小康社會(huì)最艱巨的任務(wù)。

　　To this end, the government plans to issue poverty-relief policies and improve infrastructure in rural areas, including roads, access to water, power and Internet.

　　政府計(jì)劃通過(guò)扶貧政策，改善農(nóng)村道路、取水、電力、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等方面基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)，解決這一問(wèn)題。

　　3. 教育公平(Equal Education)：讓每個(gè)孩子享有平等的受教育權(quán)

　　《建議》摘要：普及高中階段教育，逐步分類推進(jìn)中等職業(yè)教育(secondary vocational education)免除學(xué)雜費(fèi)，率先從建檔立卡的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生(students from poor families)實(shí)施普通高中免除學(xué)雜費(fèi)(exempt tuition and fees);

　　我國(guó)將通過(guò)提高教育質(zhì)量(enhence the quality of education)，推動(dòng)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展(promote a balanced development of compulsory education)，普及高中階段教育(make senior secondary education basically universal)，實(shí)現(xiàn)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助全覆蓋，促進(jìn)教育公平。

　　4. 就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)(Employment and Entrepreneurship)：讓人們的工作前景更光明

　　《建議》摘要：堅(jiān)持就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略，實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策(more proactive employment policy)，創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)崗位，著力解決結(jié)構(gòu)性就業(yè)矛盾。完善創(chuàng)業(yè)扶持政策(aid system for job seekers)，鼓勵(lì)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶就業(yè)，建立面向人人的創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)平臺(tái)(service platform for entrepreneurship)。

　　5. 大病保險(xiǎn)(Critical Illness Insurance)：讓人們不再“因病返貧”

　　《建議》摘要：全面實(shí)施城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險(xiǎn)制度(critical illness insurance system)。通過(guò)多種方式降低大病慢性病(chronic disease)醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。改革醫(yī)保支付方式，發(fā)揮醫(yī)?？刭M(fèi)作用。改進(jìn)個(gè)人賬戶，開(kāi)展門(mén)診費(fèi)用(outpatient expenditure)統(tǒng)籌。

　　The Party proposed advancing the comprehensive reform of public-owned hospitals, breaking their mechanisms for seeking profits and building a personnel and remuneration system appropriate for the health industry.

　　全面推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，破除逐利機(jī)制，建立符合醫(yī)療行業(yè)特點(diǎn)的人事薪酬制度。

　　6. 全面兩孩(Two-child Policy)：讓人口發(fā)展更均衡

　　《建議》摘要：全面實(shí)施一對(duì)夫婦可生育兩個(gè)孩子(all couples to have two children)政策;積極開(kāi)展應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化(aging of population)行動(dòng);全面放開(kāi)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)市場(chǎng)(elderly care service)。

　　"全面二孩政策"(universal two-child policy)是繼2013年，十八屆三中全會(huì)決定啟動(dòng)實(shí)施"單獨(dú)二孩"政策(two-child fertility policy for couples where either the husband or the wife is from a single-child family)之后的又一次人口政策調(diào)整。

　　近年來(lái)，我國(guó)人口總量增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭明顯減弱，老齡化程度不斷加深。十八屆五中全會(huì)決定全面實(shí)施一對(duì)夫婦可生育兩個(gè)孩子政策，積極開(kāi)展應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化(aging of population)行動(dòng)，促進(jìn)人口均衡發(fā)展(improve the balanced development of population)。

　　7. 戶籍改革(Reform of Household Registration System)：讓群眾公平享有合法權(quán)益

　　《建議》摘要：深化戶籍制度改革(execution of changes to the household registration system)，促進(jìn)有能力在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和生活的農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口舉家進(jìn)城落戶，并與城鎮(zhèn)居民有同等權(quán)利和義務(wù)。實(shí)施居住證制度(residence permit system)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)常住人口(permanent population)全覆蓋。

　　Citing a national plan on urbanization for the 2014-2020 period, the document said by 2020, about 45 percent of the whole registered population will be living in urban areas.

　　根據(jù)《國(guó)家新型城鎮(zhèn)化規(guī)劃(2014-2020年)》，到2020年，戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到45%左右。

　　8. 改善生態(tài)(Improving the ecological environment)：讓人人在藍(lán)天下呼吸

　　《建議》摘要：堅(jiān)持綠色富國(guó)、綠色惠民，為人民提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品(ecological product)，推動(dòng)形成綠色發(fā)展方式和生活方式(green development and living models)，協(xié)同推進(jìn)人民富裕、國(guó)家富強(qiáng)、中國(guó)美麗。

　　The proposals promised that China will wage an "energy revolution," by ramping up the exploration of clean, safe resources to replace coal and other fossil fuels.

　　《建議》指出，通過(guò)增加對(duì)清潔能源和安全能源替代煤及其他化石燃料的探索，我國(guó)將進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)“能源革命”。

　　The country will continue to develop wind, solar, biomass, water, geothermal and nuclear energy, as well as explore deposits natural, shale and coal bed gases.