特朗普威脅退出巴黎氣候協(xié)定遭多國批評

France and Brazil have joined China in spurning Donald Trump’s threat to pull out of the Paris climate agreement if the Republican candidate wins next week’s US presidential election.

法國和巴西加入中國的行列，對美國共和黨候選人唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)的這一威脅之詞表示了否定——他威脅稱，如果在下周美國選舉中獲勝，就將讓美國退出巴黎氣候協(xié)定。

Speaking on the eve of the climate accord coming into force, French environment minister Ségolène Royal told the FT yesterday she would not even “entertain the hypothesis” of a Trump victory because that “gives credibility to the idea”. She dismissed his threat to withdraw from the Paris deal as a campaign tactic, saying: “Maybe he needed more financing from the oil lobby.”

法國環(huán)境部長塞戈萊娜•羅亞爾(Ségolène Royal)在巴黎氣候協(xié)定生效前夕發(fā)表了看法。昨日她對英國《金融時報》表示，她甚至不會“考慮(特朗普獲勝的)假設”，因為那“會為這個想法平添可信度”。她認為特朗普退出巴黎協(xié)定的威脅無須理會，只不過是一種競選手段。她說：“也許他需要從石油游說集團那里獲得更多資金。”

Even if he could legally pull out, “in practice it is impossible because countries have everything to gain from remaining”, she said.

即便他可以合法退出，但“實際上也是不可能的，因為各國留在協(xié)定中將有百利而無一害，”她說。

Separately, José Sarney Filho, Brazil’s environment minister, said yesterday he could not imagine any society abandoning the fight against global warming given how serious the problem was. “I hope Trump doesn’t win,” the minister added. “I believe the American society is a strong society, much stronger than any possible head of state.”

另外，巴西環(huán)境部長小若澤•薩爾內(José Sarney Filho)昨日表示，鑒于全球變暖問題的嚴重程度，他無法想象任何一個社會放棄抗擊這一問題的努力。“我希望特朗普不要贏，”這位部長接著說，“我相信美國社會是一個強大的社會，比任何可能的國家元首都強大得多。”

The comments follow a warning from China’s top climate change negotiator that Mr Trump would be out of step with international trends if he turned his back on the Paris deal, which nearly 200 countries adopted in December 2015.

她說這番話之前，中國氣候變化事務特別代表解振華警告稱，如果特朗普拋棄近200個國家在2015年12月達成的巴黎協(xié)定，那么他將脫離國際趨勢。

“I believe that if he were a wise leader, he should know that all policies should be responsive to the trend of the world’s development,” Xie Zhenhua told journalists in Beijing on Tuesday.

“我相信如果是一個明智的領導人，他應該知道所有的政策都應該順應世界發(fā)展的潮流，”解振華周二在北京對記者們表示。

The remarks reflect nervousness among climate change campaigners about the prospect of Mr Trump defeating Hillary Clinton in Tuesday’s ballot.

這些話表明，氣候變化倡議者們對于特朗普在下周二的選舉中可能會戰(zhàn)勝希拉里•克林頓(Hillary Clinton)感到緊張。

The Republican candidate has called global warming a hoax invented by China to make US manufacturers uncompetitive and vowed to “cancel” the Paris accord. He also says he would stop all US payments for UN global warming programmes.

這位共和黨候選人把全球變暖稱為中國為了削弱美國生產商的競爭力而設下的一場騙局，并發(fā)誓要“廢除”巴黎協(xié)定。他還表示，他將停止美國對所有聯(lián)合國(UN)全球變暖項目的撥款。

No single country can scrap the deal, painstakingly negotiated by nearly all the world’s nations over four years. But Mr Trump could deal the pact a significant blow either by pulling the US out of it or by abandoning measures launched by President Barack Obama to cut reliance on coal and other fossil fuels.

沒有哪個國家能夠單獨廢掉這項由全球幾乎所有國家通過4年艱苦談判達成的協(xié)定。但是，如果特朗普讓美國退出該協(xié)定、或者拋棄巴拉克•奧巴馬(Barack Obama)推出的旨在減輕對煤炭等化石能源依賴程度的措施，那么他可能會對該協(xié)定造成沉重的打擊。

The US election falls on the second day of the latest round of UN climate talks, to be held in the Moroccan city of Marrakesh from November 7 to 18.

美國大選投票日就在最新一輪聯(lián)合國氣候談判的第二天。該談判將于11月7日至18日在摩洛哥的馬拉喀什市(Marrakesh)舉行。

Delegates are braced for the election outcome to cast a large shadow over the meeting, the first since the conference in Paris that adopted the agreement.

談判代表們做好了選舉結果給會議蒙上巨大陰影的準備。這是在巴黎舉行的那次通過氣候變化協(xié)定的大會之后召開的第一次會議。

The prospect of a Trump victory has been cited as one reason why so many countries rushed to ratify or join the Paris accord this year, including the US, China, the EU and India.

特朗普可能獲勝，已被引述為這么多國家和地區(qū)——包括美國、中國、歐盟(EU)和印度——在今年匆忙批準或加入巴黎協(xié)定的原因之一。

That paved the way for the accord to come into force today, a record speed for an international agreement of this scale.

這為巴黎協(xié)定今日生效鋪平了道路，其速度對于如此規(guī)模的一項國際協(xié)定而言創(chuàng)下了紀錄。

But the UN warned yesterday that the world was still heading for a 2.9C-3.4C rise in temperatures this century, even with the pledges that have been made for the Paris deal, which aims to hold warming to 2C, or 1.5C if possible.

但聯(lián)合國昨日警告稱，即便巴黎協(xié)定的承諾得到兌現(xiàn)，全球溫度升幅在本世紀仍將朝著2.9℃至3.4℃邁進。巴黎協(xié)定的目標，是在本世紀把全球溫度升幅控制在2℃以內——可能的話，控制在1.5℃以內。