俄羅斯宣布退出國(guó)際刑事法院

President Vladimir Putin withdrew Russia’s signature from the founding statute of the International Criminal Court, in a further sign of Moscow’s displeasure with the western-backed international order.

俄羅斯總統(tǒng)弗拉基米爾•普京(Vladimir Putin)簽署命令，宣布俄退出國(guó)際刑事法院(International Criminal Court)。此舉進(jìn)一步表明了莫斯科方面對(duì)西方支持的國(guó)際秩序的不滿(mǎn)。

The Russian leader issued a decree to withdraw from the Rome Statute, which Russia signed in 2000 but never ratified, on the grounds that “the court has not justified the hopes placed on it and has not become an independent, authoritative organ of international justice”, the foreign ministry said.

俄外交部表示，普京簽署命令，宣布退出《國(guó)際刑事法院羅馬規(guī)約》(Rome Statute)。俄在2000年簽署了該規(guī)約，但從未在國(guó)內(nèi)批準(zhǔn)該規(guī)約，理由是“國(guó)際刑事法院未能滿(mǎn)足國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)它寄予的期望，沒(méi)有成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立、有威信的國(guó)際司法機(jī)構(gòu)”。

Moscow’s decision comes a day after the court, based in The Hague, published a report stating that Russia’s annexation of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014 amounted to an “occupation” equivalent to “international armed conflict” between the two countries.

在莫斯科方面做出上述決定前一天，總部位于海牙的國(guó)際刑事法院發(fā)布報(bào)告稱(chēng)，俄2014年對(duì)烏克蘭克里米亞的吞并構(gòu)成“占領(lǐng)”，相當(dāng)于俄烏兩國(guó)間發(fā)生了“國(guó)際武裝沖突”。

In the report, Fatou Bensouda, ICC prosecutor, said that fighting in Ukraine’s war-torn east “points to direct military engagement between Russian armed forces and Ukrainian government forces”. The report also blamed Moscow for instigating hostilities, saying the conflict began when Russia “deployed members of its armed forces to gain control over parts of the Ukrainian territory without the consent of the Ukrainian government”.

國(guó)際刑事法院首席檢察官法圖•本蘇達(dá)(Fatou Bensouda)在報(bào)告中表示，烏克蘭飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的東部地區(qū)的沖突，“意味著俄武裝力量與烏政府軍之間直接的軍事接觸”。該報(bào)告還譴責(zé)莫斯科方面煽動(dòng)敵意，表示當(dāng)俄“在未經(jīng)烏政府允許的情況下，以控制烏部分領(lǐng)土為目的部署武裝力量”的時(shí)候，沖突就開(kāi)始了。

Russia’s decision to withdraw comes at a critical point for the ICC. South Africa, Gambia and Burundi also said in recent days that they would withdraw from the court on the grounds that it was biased against Africans. Nine of the ICC’s 10 pending investigations are in Africa; the remaining one deals with the four-day conflict between Russia and Georgia in the breakaway territory of South Ossetia in 2008.

俄決定退出之際，正值國(guó)際刑事法院處于一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。南非、岡比亞和布隆迪近日也表示，他們將退出該法院，理由是該法院歧視非洲人。國(guó)際刑事法院正在進(jìn)行的10個(gè)調(diào)查中，有9個(gè)是在非洲，剩下的一個(gè)調(diào)查的是關(guān)于2008年俄與格魯吉亞在格的一塊分離領(lǐng)土南奧塞梯爆發(fā)的為期4天的沖突。

Moscow initially mooted withdrawing from the court in January when the ICC announced its investigation into Russian armed forces and their South Ossetian proxies.

莫斯科方面最初討論退出國(guó)際刑事法院是在今年1月，當(dāng)時(shí)該法院宣布對(duì)俄武裝力量及其在南奧塞梯的代理人展開(kāi)調(diào)查。

The ICC has struggled to win broad international approval for its “global fight to end impunity” in war crimes since its establishment in 2002. Since then, the court has spent more than $1bn but returned only four verdicts.

自2002年成立以來(lái)，國(guó)際刑事法院以“在全球終結(jié)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪行不受懲罰的局面”為目標(biāo)展開(kāi)的抗?fàn)帲恢彪y以贏得廣泛的國(guó)際支持。自成立以來(lái)，國(guó)際刑事法院已花費(fèi)10億多美元，但只拿出了4個(gè)判決。

The US withdrew from the Rome Statute in 2002, while several other nations, including China and India, never signed up for it.

美國(guó)在2002年退出《國(guó)際刑事法院羅馬規(guī)約》，而包括中國(guó)和印度在內(nèi)其他多個(gè)國(guó)家從未簽署該規(guī)約。

Ukraine has not ratified the Rome Statute either, but gave the ICC special jurisdiction to oversee the case.

烏克蘭也沒(méi)有批準(zhǔn)《國(guó)際刑事法院羅馬規(guī)約》，但給予后者監(jiān)督該案的特別司法管轄權(quán)。

Russia insists Crimea joined it voluntarily through a referendum, held with multiple glaring irregularities and no international oversight after thousands of special forces captured the peninsula, returned overwhelming results in favour of Moscow.

俄堅(jiān)稱(chēng)，克里米亞通過(guò)公投自愿加入俄羅斯。這項(xiàng)在數(shù)千名特種兵控制克里米亞之后舉行的公投有多處明顯不合規(guī)之處，而且沒(méi)有國(guó)際社會(huì)的監(jiān)督，投票結(jié)果是以壓倒性多數(shù)贊成加入俄羅斯。

Mr Putin initially denied any connection to the “little green men” in uniform seen in Crimea, then admitted they were Russian soldiers.

普京最初否認(rèn)與克里米亞出現(xiàn)的身穿制服的“小綠人”有任何聯(lián)系，隨后又承認(rèn)他們是俄羅斯士兵。

Moscow still denies being a party to the eastern Ukrainian conflict despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary.

莫斯科方面仍否認(rèn)參與了烏克蘭東部的沖突，盡管有大量證據(jù)表明事實(shí)正好相反。

A UN General Assembly committee also voted this week to adopt a Ukrainian-backed resolution condemning the human rights situation in Crimea since Moscow seized the peninsula.

聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)(UN general assembly)一個(gè)委員會(huì)也在本周投票通過(guò)一項(xiàng)烏克蘭支持的決議，譴責(zé)克里米亞自落入俄手中以來(lái)的人權(quán)狀況。