遏制假新聞，F(xiàn)acebook使出了這幾招

For weeks, Facebook has been questioned about its role in spreading fake news. Now the company has mounted its most concerted effort to combat the problem.

幾個(gè)星期以來，F(xiàn)acebook一直因其在假新聞傳播過程中扮演的角色而遭到質(zhì)疑。目前，該公司正采取步調(diào)最為一致的行動(dòng)來解決這一問題。

Facebook said Thursday it had begun a series of experiments to limit misinformation on its site. The tests include making it easier for its 1.8 billion members to report fake news, and creating partnerships with outside fact-checking organizations to help it indicate when articles are false. The company is also changing some advertising practices to stop purveyors of fake news from profiting from it.

Facebook周四表示，公司已經(jīng)著手推進(jìn)一系列試驗(yàn)性舉措，旨在遏制其網(wǎng)站上虛假信息的傳播。這些試驗(yàn)包括：讓其18億名用戶可以更加容易地舉報(bào)假新聞，并與外部事實(shí)核查機(jī)構(gòu)建立合作關(guān)系，以便及時(shí)就內(nèi)容虛假的文章做出提示。此外，該公司正在改變某些廣告業(yè)務(wù)慣例，為的是防止假新聞供應(yīng)者從中獲利。

Facebook is in a tricky position with these tests. It has regarded itself as a neutral place where people can freely post, read and view content. But as its reach and influence have grown, it has had to confront questions about its moral obligations and ethical standards regarding what appears on the network.

開展這些試驗(yàn)的Facebook處境頗為尷尬。它一直將其網(wǎng)站視作一個(gè)中立的地方，人們可以在上面自由地發(fā)布、閱讀和觀看內(nèi)容。但隨著它的傳播范圍和影響力與日俱增，它不得不面對與出現(xiàn)在其網(wǎng)站的信息有關(guān)的道德義務(wù)和倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題。

Its experiments on curtailing fake news show that Facebook recognizes it has a deepening responsibility for what is on its site. But Facebook is wary of exposing itself to claims of censorship.

Facebook開展的這些旨在遏制假新聞傳播的試驗(yàn)表明，它意識(shí)到自己對出現(xiàn)在自家網(wǎng)站上的內(nèi)容負(fù)有深切的責(zé)任。但Facebook頗為謹(jǐn)慎地避免宣稱這是在進(jìn)行審查。

“We really value giving people a voice, but we also believe we need to take responsibility for the spread of fake news on our platform,” said Adam Mosseri, a Facebook vice president who is in charge of its News Feed, the company’s method of distributing information to its global audience.

“我們非常珍視的是，給人以發(fā)聲渠道，但我們也認(rèn)為，我們需要對假新聞在自家平臺(tái)上的傳播負(fù)起責(zé)任，”Facebook負(fù)責(zé)信息流業(yè)務(wù)的副總裁亞當(dāng)·莫塞里(Adam Mosseri)表示。該公司通過這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)向全球受眾推送信息。

Fake news is not confined to Facebook, with a vast ecosystem of false news creators who thrive on online advertising and who can use other social media and search engines to propagate their work. Google, Twitter and message boards like 4chan and Reddit have all been criticized for being part of that chain.

假新聞不只存在于Facebook上。假新聞制造者已經(jīng)形成了一個(gè)巨大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，他們靠在線廣告發(fā)展壯大，可以利用其它社交媒體和搜索引擎推廣他們的作品。谷歌(Google)、Twitter以及4chan、Reddit等論壇都是這個(gè)鏈條上的一員，也都因此受到了批評。

Still, Facebook has taken the most heat over fake news. The company has been under that spotlight since Donald Trump was elected president. Trump’s victory led people to focus on whether Facebook had influenced the electorate, especially with the rise of hyperpartisan sites on the network and many examples of misinformation.

不過，F(xiàn)acebook承受了假新聞問題所引發(fā)的大部分憤怒。自從唐納德·特朗普(Donald Trump)當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)以來，該公司一直處于聚光燈下。特朗普的勝利導(dǎo)致人們聚焦于Facebook 是否曾影響選民，尤其是利用其網(wǎng)站上出現(xiàn)的一批黨派色彩極強(qiáng)的專頁以及許多虛假信息來施加影響。

Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, has said he did not believe the social network had influenced the election result.

Facebook的首席執(zhí)行官馬克·扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)表示，他并不認(rèn)為Facebook影響了大選結(jié)果。