Facebook和谷歌聯(lián)手在法國(guó)打擊假新聞

Google and Facebook have partnered up in the fight against fake news in France ahead of the presidential election in April, responding to sustained criticism that they have not done enough to crack down on hoax news stories.

谷歌(Google)和Facebook已結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，擬在今年4月法國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選前在該國(guó)進(jìn)行新聞打假，以回應(yīng)外界對(duì)他們?cè)诖驌籼摷傩侣剤?bào)道方面做得不夠的持續(xù)批評(píng)。

The US technology groups announced they were part of Crosscheck, an industry coalition which includes Buzzfeed News and others, that is working to fight fake news online by helping the public gauge the truthfulness of online media.

這兩家美國(guó)科技集團(tuán)宣布，他們已加入一個(gè)名為Crosscheck的行業(yè)聯(lián)盟(其中還包括Buzzfeed等媒體)，該聯(lián)盟正致力于幫助公眾判定在線(xiàn)媒體報(bào)道的真實(shí)性，以打擊虛假網(wǎng)上新聞。

Last month, the European Commission fired a warning at the groups, saying they would face action from Brussels if they did not take actions to prevent the viral spread of false news, including one claiming Germany’s oldest church was set on fire by a mob of 1,000 refugees.

上月，歐盟委員會(huì)(European Commission)向這兩家集團(tuán)發(fā)出警告，他們?nèi)绻徊扇⌒袆?dòng)阻止虛假新聞——包括一則聲稱(chēng)德國(guó)最古老的教堂被1000名暴徒焚毀的消息——的病毒式傳播，將面臨來(lái)自布魯塞爾的行動(dòng)。

“I am worried, as all people are worried, about fake news, especially after the elections in the United States,” Andrus Ansip, the EU’s digital chief told the Financial Times. “I really believe in self-regulatory measures, but if some kind of clarifications are needed then we will be ready for that.”

“就像所有人一樣，我很擔(dān)心假新聞，尤其是在此次美國(guó)大選之后，”歐盟數(shù)字信息主管安德魯斯•安西普(Andrus Ansip)向英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》表示，“我的確相信自律措施，但是如果需要某些澄清的話(huà)，我們將做好準(zhǔn)備。”

The 17 organisations that make up Crosscheck would “find and verify content circulating publicly online, whether it is photographs, videos, memes, comment threads and news sites, with the French presidential election as its primary focus”, the group said.

Crosscheck表示，該組織的17家成員機(jī)構(gòu)將“查找并核實(shí)在線(xiàn)公開(kāi)傳播的所有內(nèi)容，包括照片、視頻、評(píng)論和新聞網(wǎng)站，其中法國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選為關(guān)注重點(diǎn)”。

Facebook will also test its own fact-checking initiative in France, where it has partnered with local fact-checking organisations such as AFP, BFMTV, L'Express, France Médias Monde, France Télévisions, Libération, Le Monde and 20 Minutes.

Facebook還將在法國(guó)測(cè)試該公司自己推出的事實(shí)核查工具，該公司已經(jīng)與法國(guó)的事實(shí)核查機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)展合作，如法新社(AFP)、BFMTV、L'Express、France Médias Monde、法國(guó)電視臺(tái)(France Télévisions)、《解放報(bào)》(Libération)、《世界報(bào)》(Le Monde)和《20分鐘報(bào)》(20 Minutes)。

Its tools have already been introduced in the US and Germany, where Facebook has partnered with third parties such as Politifact, Snopes and Berlin-based Correctiv.

Facebook的假新聞過(guò)濾工具已被引入美國(guó)和德國(guó)，而且已經(jīng)與這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的Politifact、Snopes以及總部位于柏林的Correctiv等第三方機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)展合作。

Facebook’s fact-checker will ask users to report dubious news article they see by flagging it on the platform, using a dropdown menu. The third-party fact-checkers will then analyse the publications indicated by the community, and decide whether it is legitimate or hoax news.

Facebook的事實(shí)核查工具將邀請(qǐng)用戶(hù)通過(guò)下拉菜單將他們看到的可疑新聞報(bào)道在該平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行標(biāo)記。第三方事實(shí)核查人員隨后將分析社區(qū)標(biāo)出的報(bào)道，并判定其為真實(shí)報(bào)道還是虛假新聞。

“When a publication is described as misinformation by two fact-checking organizations, it will be identified as being contested [and] a warning will be displayed,” Facebook said in a statement. In a sign of the growing political pressure on social media platforms, the UK House of Commons culture, media and sport committee also announced last month that it was to hold a parliamentary inquiry into fake news. Others, including Germany, are concerned that national elections could be influenced by the spread of fake news on social platforms.

Facebook在一份聲明中表示：“當(dāng)一則報(bào)道被兩家事實(shí)核查機(jī)構(gòu)描述為虛假信息時(shí)，它將被標(biāo)記為有爭(zhēng)議，(而且)將顯示一個(gè)預(yù)警。”突顯社交媒體平臺(tái)受到越來(lái)越大的政治壓力的一個(gè)跡象是，英國(guó)下議院文化、媒體和體育委員會(huì)上月也宣布，將針對(duì)虛假新聞?wù)归_(kāi)議會(huì)調(diào)查。包括德國(guó)在內(nèi)的其它國(guó)家則擔(dān)心，全國(guó)大選可能受到社交平臺(tái)上虛假新聞傳播的影響。

“In Germany, it is not just ordinary lies, but deliberate propaganda spreading online,” said David Schraven, founder of Correctiv, the organization Facebook has partnered with in Germany. “We see a wide range of right-wing extremist news, magazines, spreading completely made up stories and quotes on refugees, for example.”

“在德國(guó)，不僅有一般謊言，還有蓄意在網(wǎng)上散播的煽動(dòng)言論，”Facebook在德國(guó)的合作機(jī)構(gòu)Correctiv的創(chuàng)始人大衛(wèi)•施拉芬(David Schraven)說(shuō)，“例如，我們可以看到各種各樣右翼極端主義新聞、雜志，散布關(guān)于難民的完全虛構(gòu)的故事和引述。”