李克強(qiáng)在第六次中國－中東歐國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤上的講話

當(dāng)?shù)貢r間2017年11月27日，國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在布達(dá)佩斯出席第六次中國-中東歐國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤時發(fā)表重要講話。講話全文如下：

在第六次中國-中東歐國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤上的講話

Speech At the Sixth Summit of Heads of Government of China and Central and Eastern European Countries

(2017年11月27日，布達(dá)佩斯)

Budapest, 27 November 2017

中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)

By H.E. Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council of The People's Republic of China

尊敬的歐爾班總理，各位同事：

Prime Minister Orban Viktor, Colleagues,

很高興與各位新老朋友相聚一堂，共商中國與中東歐國家深化合作大計。我謹(jǐn)代表中國政府，對匈牙利政府和歐爾班總理為此次會晤所做的精心準(zhǔn)備表示感謝，對歐盟、奧地利、瑞士、希臘、白俄羅斯和歐洲復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行作為觀察員與會表示歡迎。

I am delighted to gather with old and new friends here to discuss the way forward for deepening cooperation between China and the Central and Eastern European Countries. On behalf of the Chinese government, let me first thank the Hungarian government and Prime Minister Orban for the excellent arrangements you have made for the summit. I also wish to welcome the European Union, Austria, Switzerland, Greece, Belarus and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to the summit as observers.

今年恰逢“16+1合作”5周年。5年來，在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤的引領(lǐng)下，“16+1合作”力度不斷加大，機(jī)制日趨成熟，各領(lǐng)域合作取得長足進(jìn)展，成為具有重要影響的跨區(qū)域合作機(jī)制，也是多邊開放合作中的一道靚麗風(fēng)景線。

This year marks the fifth anniversary of "16+1" cooperation. Over the past five years, guided by summits such as this and supported by maturing mechanisms, "16+1" cooperation has grown from strength to strength and yielded significant results in various fields. It has developed into an important channel of trans-regional cooperation and an eye-catching platform of open multilateral cooperation.

——這是建章立制、夯基筑臺的五年。我們著眼長遠(yuǎn)，制定了《中國-中東歐國家合作中期規(guī)劃》，發(fā)表了6份成果文件，在經(jīng)貿(mào)、地方、農(nóng)業(yè)、衛(wèi)生、旅游等領(lǐng)域搭建起20多個機(jī)制化交流平臺，提出匈塞鐵路、“中歐陸?？炀€”、“三海港區(qū)合作”等多個重大倡議，推出200多項具體舉措，為“16+1合作”描繪了藍(lán)圖、打牢了基礎(chǔ)。

― Over the past five years, we have put in place a sound framework and a solid foundation for our cooperation. Taking a forward-looking approach, we have formulated the Medium-Term Agenda for Cooperation Between China and Central and Eastern European Countries, issued six outcome documents, and established over time 20-plus institutional exchange platforms spanning trade, agriculture, health, tourism and at the subnational level. We have put forward several major initiatives, including the Budapest-Belgrade railway, the China-Europe Land-Sea Express Line, the Adriatic-Baltic-Black Sea Seaport Cooperation, and rolled out more than 200 specific measures. Together, these actions form a blueprint for "16+1" cooperation and solidified its foundation.

——這是積厚成勢、收獲頗豐的五年。中國企業(yè)對16國累計投資從30億美元增長到90多億美元。去年雙方貿(mào)易逆勢增長4.3%，今年前三季度又大幅增長14.1%。2012-2016年，中國從中東歐國家進(jìn)口農(nóng)產(chǎn)品年均增長13.7%。一批基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施標(biāo)志性項目建成運(yùn)營。中歐班列累計開通超過6000列，到達(dá)中東歐4個國家、8個城市。5年間，中國與中東歐國家之間新開6條直航航線。人文交流與合作日趨活躍，中國-中東歐國家旅游年、人文交流年、媒體年等活動精彩紛呈。16國均已成為中國公民出境旅游目的地國，5年間到訪中東歐的中國游客從28萬人次增加到93萬人次;雙向留學(xué)生規(guī)模翻了一番。

― Over the past five years, we have built a strong momentum in our cooperation and reaped a sizable harvest. The investment by Chinese companies in the 16 CEE countries has increased from US$3 billion to over US$9 billion in cumulative terms. Our trade expanded by 4.3% last year despite lackluster global trade and surged by 14.1% in the first three quarters of this year. From 2012 to 2016, China's imports of agricultural products from CEE countries rose by 13.7% on an average annual basis. A number of flagship infrastructure projects have entered into operation. The China-Europe freight trains made over 6,000 trips, reaching eight cities in four CEE countries. Over the past five years, six direct flights have been opened between the two sides. People-to-people exchange and cooperation has become increasingly dynamic, as evidenced by such popular events as the Year of Promotion of Tourism Cooperation, the Year of People-to-People and Cultural Exchanges and the Year of Media Cooperation between China and CEE countries. All the 16 CEE countries have become approved destinations for Chinese tourists, which has raised the number of visits by Chinese tourists to the region from 280,000 to 930,000. The number of two-way student exchange has doubled.

——這是同舟共濟(jì)、共同發(fā)展的五年。這些年，國際金融危機(jī)深層次影響持續(xù)顯現(xiàn)，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折，給中國與中東歐國家發(fā)展帶來了嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。我們以“16+1合作”的穩(wěn)定性應(yīng)對國際形勢的不確定性，助力各自發(fā)展。過去5年，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)保持年均7%以上的中高速增長;中東歐國家成功應(yīng)對歐債危機(jī)的沖擊，近年來實現(xiàn)了3%以上的增長，是歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)圈最耀眼的板塊。

― Over the past five years, we have pulled together to address challenges and pursue common development. The lingering impact of the financial crisis and the difficult and tortuous global recovery have posed serious challenges to the development of China and CEE countries. Nevertheless, we have responded to the uncertainty of the international situation with the stability of "16+1" cooperation and boosted our own development. Over the past five years, China's economy has maintained a medium-high average annual growth of over 7%, while CEE countries have successfully weathered the European debt crisis and registered a growth rate of over 3% in recent years, making it a leading performer in the European economy.

“16+1合作”之所以快速發(fā)展，展現(xiàn)出旺盛的生命力，關(guān)鍵在于我們踐行了“平等協(xié)商、互利互惠、開放包容、務(wù)實創(chuàng)新”的合作理念。平等協(xié)商，就是堅持國無大小一律平等，事情大家商量著辦，不搞一言堂，力爭共識最大化、分歧最小化、各方作用最優(yōu)化;互利互惠，就是堅持政府推動、企業(yè)為主、市場化運(yùn)作，遵循國際慣例，發(fā)揮各自比較優(yōu)勢，做大共同利益的“蛋糕”;開放包容，就是堅持開放協(xié)同、相容共濟(jì)，遵循公開、公平、透明的原則，照顧各方舒適度，在相互開放中挖掘機(jī)遇、在聯(lián)動中應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)、在合作中共謀發(fā)展;務(wù)實創(chuàng)新，就是聚焦經(jīng)貿(mào)、互聯(lián)互通、產(chǎn)能合作、人文交流等重點領(lǐng)域合作，堅持問題導(dǎo)向，不斷完善機(jī)制、拓寬領(lǐng)域、創(chuàng)新政策，為“16+1合作”持續(xù)注入源頭活水。

The key to the fast development and vitality of "16+1" cooperation lies in our commitment to the principle of "equal consultation, mutual benefit, openness and inclusiveness, being results-oriented and innovative" in developing our cooperation. Equal consultation means we believe countries are all equal regardless of size, and issues should be addressed through discussion among all instead of being dominated by one. We should strive to maximize our common ground, minimize differences, and optimize our role in the cooperation. Mutual benefit means that under the principle of government support, corporate initiative and market-based operation and in keeping with international practices, we have leveraged our comparative advantages to make the pie of common interests bigger. Openness and inclusiveness means we have worked together in coordination and mutual support and in an open, fair and transparent manner. The comfort levels of all sides have been accommodated. Together, we tap potential by two-way opening, take on challenges with interconnected efforts and seek development through cooperation. Being results-oriented and innovative means that with a focus on such key cooperation areas as trade, connectivity, industrial capacity and people-to-people ties, we have taken concrete steps to tackle problems, improve institutions, expand cooperation areas and introduce new policies, injecting sustained impetus into "16+1" cooperation.

各位同事!

Colleagues,

洞察大勢，方能順勢而為。當(dāng)今世界正處于大發(fā)展大變革大調(diào)整時期，和平與發(fā)展仍然是時代主題，但面臨的不穩(wěn)定性不確定性突出，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長動能不足，地區(qū)熱點問題此起彼伏，恐怖主義、難民問題、氣候變化等非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅持續(xù)蔓延，人類面臨許多共同挑戰(zhàn)，需要各國攜手應(yīng)對。上個月召開的中國共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國代表大會，強(qiáng)調(diào)中國堅持和平發(fā)展道路，推動建設(shè)相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的新型國際關(guān)系，推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。中方堅定支持歐洲一體化進(jìn)程，也尊重歐洲國家自主選擇發(fā)展道路。“16+1合作”是跨區(qū)域務(wù)實合作的“孵化器”，是中歐關(guān)系的重要組成部分和有益補(bǔ)充，有利于歐洲一體化進(jìn)程，也有利于促進(jìn)中歐關(guān)系均衡發(fā)展。中方始終堅持在中歐關(guān)系和歐盟有關(guān)法律法規(guī)的框架下與中東歐國家開展合作，歡迎域外國家在“16+1合作”框架下開展三方合作，實現(xiàn)多贏和共贏。

One can only seize the moment when one keenly observes the trend. In the current global context of significant development, change and adjustment, peace and development remains the theme of our times. On the other hand, uncertainties and destabilizing factors still abound. Global economic growth lacks momentum, regional hotspots keep flaring up, and non-traditional security threats including terrorism, the refugee issue and climate change continue to worsen. These common challenges require common responses. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held last month underscored China's commitment to peaceful development, to a new form of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation, and to advancing the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. China firmly supports the European integration process, and respects the European countries' choices of their development paths. As an incubator for trans-regional practical cooperation, "16+1" cooperation is an important component of and beneficial complement to the China-Europe relationship, and will help promote the European integration process and make the development of China-Europe relations more even. China has all along pursued its cooperation with CEE countries in the broader context of China-Europe relations and under the framework of relevant EU laws and regulations. We welcome the participation of countries outside this region in tripartite cooperation under "16+1" framework to achieve more win-win and all-win results.

當(dāng)前，“16+1合作”已邁入新的發(fā)展階段，基礎(chǔ)更加堅實、方向更加明確、動力更加強(qiáng)勁。本次會晤以“深化經(jīng)貿(mào)金融合作，促進(jìn)互利共贏發(fā)展”為主題，契合各方關(guān)切，具有很強(qiáng)的針對性。對下一步工作，中方愿提幾點建議：

As "16+1" cooperation enters a new stage of development, it enjoys a more solid foundation, clearer objectives and stronger driving forces. The theme of this year's meeting, "Deepening economic, trade and financial cooperation for win-win development", is highly relevant as it responds to the needs and concerns of all parties. China wishes to put forward the following suggestions for our future work.

第一，做大經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)模。今年以來，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)逐步向好，全球貿(mào)易止跌回升，我們應(yīng)抓住機(jī)遇，大力促進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，釋放經(jīng)貿(mào)合作潛能。中方愿從中東歐國家進(jìn)口更多肉制品、乳制品、水產(chǎn)品、水果、蜂蜜、葡萄酒等優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品，滿足中國居民多樣化消費(fèi)需求，也促進(jìn)雙方貿(mào)易平衡發(fā)展。本次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會晤期間，中方將與6個國家分別簽署苜蓿草、熊蜂、蜂蜜、飼料、牛肉等輸華檢驗檢疫準(zhǔn)入議定書。明年中國將在上海舉辦首屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會，歡迎中東歐國家踴躍參展。中方支持在寧波等中國城市建立16+1經(jīng)貿(mào)合作示范區(qū)，為擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易和投資合作搭建平臺，特別是為中東歐商品對華出口提供綠色通道。支持組建16+1中小企業(yè)聯(lián)合會、16+1投資貿(mào)易咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)，支持保加利亞建立“16+1現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)合作示范區(qū)”并在更多中東歐國家推廣。

First, we need to expand economic and trade cooperation. Given the pick-up in the world economy and rebound in global trade this year, we must seize the opportunity to advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and unlock the potential of our economic cooperation. China is prepared to import more high-quality products from CEE countries such as meat, dairy products, aquatic products, fruits, honey and wine to meet the diverse needs of Chinese consumers and promote balanced growth of two-way trade. During the Summit, China will sign inspection and quarantine protocols with six CEE countries on their alfalfa, bumblebees, honey, animal feed and beef exports to China. We also welcome the active participation of CEE countries in the first-ever China International Import Expo to be held in Shanghai next year. China supports the establishment of "16+1" demonstration zones for economic cooperation and trade in Ningbo and other Chinese cities to serve as platforms for expanding trade and investment cooperation and provide fast tracks for CEE exports to China. We also support the set-up of a "16+1" SMEs Center, a consultative agency on "16+1" investment and trade, and a "16+1" agricultural cooperation demonstration zone in Bulgaria, which will be rolled out to more CEE countries.

第二，做好互聯(lián)互通。加快基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)是中東歐國家重要發(fā)展議程，也是“16+1合作”的優(yōu)先方向。習(xí)近平主席在會見中東歐國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人時多次指出，要將“16+1合作”打造成“一帶一路”倡議融入歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)圈的重要承接地。本次會晤期間中方將與愛沙尼亞、斯洛文尼亞、立陶宛等國簽署合作文件，實現(xiàn)共建“一帶一路”倡議對中東歐16國的全覆蓋。中方愿與各方一道，秉持共商共建共享的原則，推動“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇成果率先在中東歐落地，加快實施一批互聯(lián)互通重點項目，推動陸上、海上、天上、網(wǎng)上四位一體的聯(lián)通。中方建議盡早啟動中歐陸海快線延伸至奧地利的可行性研究。中方支持舉辦16+1海關(guān)合作論壇，加強(qiáng)海關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)互換、監(jiān)管結(jié)果互認(rèn)，共同推出更多通關(guān)便利化措施。中方支持亞歐大陸運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)，開通更多中歐班列、直航航線，在中東歐地區(qū)建立物流中心。

Second, we need to enhance connectivity. Infrastructure development is high on the development agendas of many CEE countries; it is also a priority for "16+1" cooperation. In his meetings with CEE leaders, President Xi Jinping underscored several times the significance of making "16+1" cooperation a springboard for the further implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative in the European economic circle. During this summit, China will sign cooperation agreements with Estonia, Slovenia and Lithuania, thus having all the 16 CEE countries on board for the Belt and Road endeavor. In keeping with the principle of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration, China is ready to work with all of you to make the CEE region an early beneficiary of the outcomes of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, and speed up the implementation of key connectivity projects to promote land, maritime, air and cyberspace links. China proposes an early launch of the feasibility study for the extension of the China-Europe Land-Sea Express Line to Austria. China supports holding China-CEEC Customs Cooperation Forum, enhancing exchange of customs database and mutual recognition of supervision decisions, and jointly introducing more customs clearance facilitation measures. China supports the development of trans-Eurasian transport networks through the launch of more China-Europe freight train services and direct flights and the establishment of logistics hubs in the CEE region.

第三，做強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新合作。以創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級，是中國與中東歐國家面臨的共同任務(wù)。中方建議以產(chǎn)能、能源、物流、農(nóng)業(yè)為重點，按照商業(yè)原則，探討16+1產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)合作模式。結(jié)合各國產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢打造各具特色的主題園區(qū)，逐步形成多元化園區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。中方倡議實施“16+1科技伙伴計劃”，支持辦好16+1創(chuàng)新合作大會，鼓勵雙方共建聯(lián)合實驗室、科技園，促進(jìn)人員往來。中方歡迎中東歐企業(yè)參與“中國制造2025”，鼓勵有條件的“雙創(chuàng)”示范基地與中東歐企業(yè)開展合作，打造16+1創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展平臺。

Third, we need to strengthen cooperation on innovation. To transform and upgrade our industries through innovation is a common goal of China and CEE countries. China suggests that we explore, based on commercial rules, a format for "16+1" industrial parks focusing on key areas such as industrial capacity, energy, logistics and agriculture. Different parks may have different features reflecting the unique industrial strengths of respective countries, so that given time, a network of diverse industrial parks will take shape. China has proposed a "16+1" science and technology partnership program. We support "16+1" Conference on Innovation Cooperation and encourage the establishment of joint labs and science and technology parks as well as personnel exchanges. Businesses from CEE countries are most welcome to take part in the Made in China 2025 initiative. We will also encourage well-established entrepreneurship and innovation demonstration centers in China to cooperate with CEE companies to foster new platforms for innovation-driven development under "16+1" framework.

第四，做實金融支撐。5年來，在各方共同努力下，我們先后推出100億美元專項貸款、投融資協(xié)同框架、中國-中東歐金融公司等多項金融工具，為“16+1合作”深入發(fā)展提供融資保障。本次會晤我們又推出兩項新舉措：一是中國-中東歐銀行聯(lián)合體今天正式成立，國家開發(fā)銀行將提供20億等值歐元開發(fā)性金融合作貸款;二是中國-中東歐投資合作基金二期已完成設(shè)立，募集資金10億美元，將主要投向中東歐。中方愿在人民幣國際化進(jìn)程中，與中東歐國家開展力度更大的金融合作，擴(kuò)大本幣互換、本幣結(jié)算規(guī)模，支持中東歐國家各類企業(yè)到中國發(fā)行熊貓債，支持雙方合作項目開展人民幣融資業(yè)務(wù)。各方可進(jìn)一步探索以市場化為基礎(chǔ)的多種投融資模式，暢通合作的“血脈”。

Fourth, we need to bolster financial support. Thanks to our joint efforts, multiple financial instruments have been introduced in the past five years, including the US$10 billion special credit line, the China-CEEC framework for investment and financing and the China-CEEC Financial Holding Company, which have provided financing support for deepening "16+1" cooperation. During this summit, two more measures will be introduced. Under the auspices of the China-CEEC Inter-Bank Association to be officially inaugurated today, China Development Bank will provide two billion euros equivalent development finance facility; secondly, the second stage of the China-CEEC Investment Cooperation Fund has been set up with a capitalization of US$1 billion, which will mainly be channeled to the CEE region. In promoting the internationalization of the RMB, China is ready to intensify its financial cooperation with CEE countries, including expanding bilateral currency swaps and local currency settlement. We support companies from CEE countries in issuing Panda bonds in China, and support financial institutions on both sides in conducting RMB financing. We may further explore multiple formats of market-based investment and financing to provide the financial lifeblood necessary for our cooperation.

第五，做深人文交流。人文交流越活躍越深入，“16+1合作”的民意基礎(chǔ)就越牢固。中方愿與中東歐國家一道，開展更多接地氣、惠民生的人文合作。我們要進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)旅游合作，簡化簽證、人員通關(guān)手續(xù)，營造便捷、安全、舒適的旅行環(huán)境，力爭2020年實現(xiàn)雙向旅游交流人數(shù)200萬人次的目標(biāo)。明年中方將為中東歐國家提供200個免費(fèi)旅游培訓(xùn)名額，組織百名旅行商和記者赴中東歐踩線采風(fēng)。我們支持設(shè)立16+1文化合作協(xié)調(diào)中心、青年發(fā)展中心，鼓勵建立更多中醫(yī)藥中心和中草藥種植基地，探討開展體育、冬季運(yùn)動項目、婦女兒童保護(hù)等領(lǐng)域合作。繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大教育交流，未來5年中國將向中東歐國家提供不少于5000個各類中國政府獎學(xué)金名額。要以今年成功舉辦16+1媒體年為契機(jī)，做好后續(xù)工作，進(jìn)一步推動政策交流、新聞報道、聯(lián)合制作、出版發(fā)行等領(lǐng)域合作。建議將2018年確定為16+1地方合作年，支持更多地方政府加入16+1地方省州長聯(lián)合會，打造立體全面的合作平臺，推動“16+1合作”走深走實。

Fifth, we need to energize people-to-people exchange. The more vibrant people-to-people exchange, the stronger the popular support for "16+1" cooperation. We are ready to carry out more people-to-people exchange programs with CEE countries that cater to the needs of and bring real benefits to the people. We need to work more closely on tourism to make it easier, safer and more comfortable for our people, who should be able to travel with simplified visa and customs procedures. This will be conducive to the reaching of the goal of two million tourist visits between China and CEE countries by 2020. In the coming year, China will provide 200 free training opportunities on tourism for CEE countries and send around one hundred travel agents and journalists to Central and Eastern Europe to explore travel routes and report on tourist attractions. We support the establishment of a "16+1" cultural coordinating center and a youth development center, encourage the building of more traditional Chinese medicine centers and Chinese herbal plantation bases. Potential cooperation on sports, especially winter sports, and on the protection of women and children will be explored. To expand educational exchange, China will provide no less than 5,000 government scholarships of all kinds to CEE countries in the coming five years. We should build on the success of the Year of China-CEEC Media Cooperation and follow through on our cooperation on policy exchange, news coverage, co-production and publishing. China proposes designating the year 2018 as the Year of Cooperation between Local Governments and Local Enterprises. We look forward to growing participation in the "16+1" Association of Governors of Provinces and Regions by local governments on both sides to turn it into an all-dimensional platform for more solid and in-depth growth of "16+1" cooperation.

各位同事!

Colleagues,

中國有句古語：聚沙為塔，積土成山。匈牙利著名詩人弗洛斯馬提也曾在詩中寫道：愿我們像螞蟻一樣堅韌，累積靈感激發(fā)的創(chuàng)造。當(dāng)我們堆砌起每一塊磚，將建造起一座新時代的豐碑。我堅信，只要中國與中東歐國家齊心協(xié)力、鍥而不舍，必能鑄就“16+1合作”的新輝煌!

We have an ancient adage in China, "A pagoda can be piled up with grains of sand, and a mountain can be formed with heaps of stones." Similarly, the renowned Hungarian poet Mihaly Vorosmarty wrote, "Let us, steadfast as ants, set down that which our brains, in the rare inspired hours, create, and when we have assembled every stone, we'll erect the Babel of a newer age." I am sure that when China and CEE countries work with common purposes and an unrelenting spirit, we will write new and brilliant chapters for "16+1" cooperation.

謝謝大家。

Thank you