中俄提議削減聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中人權(quán)相關(guān)經(jīng)費(fèi)

China and Russia, apparently seeking to exploit an American wish to lower spending at the United Nations, want to cut more than 200 jobs related to human rights and the prevention of sexual abuse in the organization’s peacekeeping missions, according to diplomats and budget-negotiation documents.

根據(jù)外交官和預(yù)算談判文件，中俄顯然在試圖利用美國(guó)在聯(lián)合國(guó)降低開(kāi)支的意愿，希望減少聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)中200多個(gè)與人權(quán)及防止性侵害有關(guān)的工作。

Human rights advocates said such cuts, if accepted, would severely hurt United Nations peacekeeping operations covering some of the world’s most vulnerable countries. Roughly 450 jobs are devoted to the protection of human rights and the deterrence of sexual abuse in the peacekeeping system, diplomats said.

人權(quán)倡導(dǎo)者表示，如果接受這種削減，將嚴(yán)重?fù)p害覆蓋了部分世界最脆弱國(guó)家的聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)。外交官表示，維和系統(tǒng)中，屬于維護(hù)人權(quán)及遏制性侵害的工作機(jī)會(huì)約有450個(gè)。

The push by China and Russia comes at a time when the Trump administration is distancing itself in some ways from the United Nations — although the United States is still the host country and remains by far the biggest financial contributor. At the same time, China in particular is exerting more influence at the organization as its economic importance and contributions increase.

在中國(guó)和俄羅斯采取行動(dòng)之際，特朗普政府正在從某種程度上脫離聯(lián)合國(guó)——盡管美國(guó)仍是東道主，也依然是目前最大的財(cái)政貢獻(xiàn)者。同時(shí)，特別是中國(guó)，隨著它在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的重要性和貢獻(xiàn)越來(lái)越大，它對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)的影響也愈發(fā)強(qiáng)大。

China and Russia have long complained about the human rights work of the United Nations, especially in its peacekeeping missions, which they see as falling outside the scope of what the blue-helmeted soldiers of troop-contributing countries should be doing.

中俄兩國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)都對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)的人權(quán)工作表示不滿(mǎn)，尤其是聯(lián)合國(guó)的維和行動(dòng)，他們認(rèn)為已經(jīng)超出了部隊(duì)派遣國(guó)的藍(lán)盔部隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該做的事情。

But United Nations diplomats said both China and Russia seemed more aggressive this year about wanting to cut jobs they deemed to be wasteful or irrelevant.

但聯(lián)合國(guó)外交官表示，中國(guó)和俄羅斯今年似乎更加咄咄逼人，想削減他們認(rèn)為是浪費(fèi)或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的工作。

The Russians are proposing reductions of up to 50 percent in funding for human rights work and the prevention of sexual abuse, which some diplomats have calculated would, if fully carried out, eliminate roughly 170 jobs. China has proposed cuts of about 37 jobs, including vacant positions that may be about to be filled.

俄羅斯方面建議削減高達(dá)50%的人權(quán)和性侵害防范方面的經(jīng)費(fèi)。有外交官估計(jì)，如果該建議得到全面實(shí)施，將會(huì)有大約170個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)消失。中國(guó)提出削減約37個(gè)職位，其中包括可能即將有人上任的空缺職位。

The diplomats attributed the more aggressive stance by the Chinese and Russians partly to an intensified drive by the United States for budget austerity at the United Nations. Some are calling it a convergence of common purpose by rival powers that frequently clash over other issues.

外交人士認(rèn)為，中國(guó)和俄羅斯采取更加強(qiáng)硬的立場(chǎng)，在一定程度上是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)加大了推動(dòng)聯(lián)合國(guó)縮緊預(yù)算的力度。有人將其稱(chēng)為在其他問(wèn)題上經(jīng)常發(fā)生沖突的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手在共同目標(biāo)上的趨同。

Officials at the Chinese and Russian missions to the United Nations did not respond to requests for comment. A spokesman for the United States mission said it would not comment on the budget negotiations.

中俄駐聯(lián)合國(guó)代表團(tuán)的官員并未回應(yīng)置評(píng)的請(qǐng)求。美國(guó)代表團(tuán)的發(fā)言人則表示，不會(huì)對(duì)預(yù)算談判予以置評(píng)。

The United States historically has defended against attempts to undercut efforts to protect human rights at the United Nations, and has been one of the most outspoken proponents of combating the sexual exploitation and abuse that has scarred the reputations of some peacekeeping missions. Some diplomats said the Americans would never accept the draconian cuts proposed by China and Russia.

美國(guó)向來(lái)堅(jiān)定反對(duì)削弱聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)保護(hù)行動(dòng)的企圖，也曾是打擊讓部分維和行動(dòng)名譽(yù)受損的性剝削和性侵最為高調(diào)的支持者之一。一些外交官表示，美國(guó)絕對(duì)不接受中俄提出的苛嚴(yán)削減。

But the Trump administration has pulled back on America’s human rights role this year, as seen in its decision announced June 19 to quit the United Nations Human Rights Council over what American officials called that group’s anti-Israel bias and double standards. Frictions over the withdrawal were aggravated by bitter exchanges between Nikki R. Haley, the American ambassador, and human rights advocacy organizations, which called the administration’s decision a mistake.

但是特朗普政府今年收回了美國(guó)在人權(quán)問(wèn)題上的角色，正如在6月19日宣布退出聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)理事會(huì)(United Nations human rights Council)的決定中看到的那樣，美國(guó)官員稱(chēng)該組織有反以色列的偏見(jiàn)以及搞雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。美國(guó)駐聯(lián)合國(guó)大使尼基·R·黑利(Nikki R. Haley)和人權(quán)倡導(dǎo)組織的激烈交鋒，加劇了美國(guó)從人權(quán)理事會(huì)撤出的摩擦。人權(quán)倡導(dǎo)組織稱(chēng)美國(guó)政府的決定是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。

The Chinese and Russian demands for human rights cuts in peacekeeping operations have further complicated what already is an annual ordeal by the United Nations budget committee, which in principle must reach a deal before the new fiscal year begins on Sunday.

中國(guó)和俄羅斯要求在維和行動(dòng)中削減人權(quán)工作的要求使情況進(jìn)一步復(fù)雜化，加劇了聯(lián)合國(guó)預(yù)算委員會(huì)面臨的年度考驗(yàn)。原則上，該委員會(huì)必須在周日新財(cái)年開(kāi)始前達(dá)成協(xié)議。

Under the committee’s procedures, a deal is done by consensus — all members must agree, which often means a flurry of last-minute give-and-take.

協(xié)議根據(jù)委員會(huì)程序通過(guò)共識(shí)達(dá)成——所有成員必須同意，這通常意味著最后時(shí)刻會(huì)有一陣忙亂的妥協(xié)讓步。

Some diplomats said the negotiations were likely to go into Friday or possibly Saturday.

有外交官表示，談判可能會(huì)持續(xù)到周五或周六。