The notice on further regulating and supervising myopia correction in young people bans merchants from using wording such as "rehabilitation," "recovery," and "myopia cure" to mislead nearsighted children and their parents.
為進一步規(guī)范兒童青少年近視矯正、加強監(jiān)管,通知禁止從事兒童青少年近視矯正的商家使用“康復”“恢復”“近視治愈”等表述誤導近視兒童青少年和家長。
【單詞講解】
近視的醫(yī)學專業(yè)術語是myopia,讀作 [ma??o?pi?],但是日常生活中人們通常用nearsightedness / shortsightedness來表示,比如:Tom is nearsighted/shortsighted because he used to play games in darkness whole night long.(湯姆近視是因為他過去經常晚上在黑暗中玩一整晚游戲。)
其他相關的表達還有:遠視(hyperopia ['ha?p?'r??p??] farsightedness/ longsightedness)、散光(astigmatism [??st?ɡm(xù)??t?z?m])、隱形眼鏡(contact lenses)、無框眼鏡(rimless glasses)、眼科醫(yī)生(eye doctor/ophthalmologist [?ɑfθæl?mɑl?d??st] )等。
通知指出,在目前醫(yī)療技術條件下,近視不能治愈(myopia cannot be cured)。兒童青少年時期可以通過科學用眼、增加戶外活動時間(more outdoor activities)、減少長時間近距離用眼(less time spent on near work)等方式預防、控制和減緩近視。
同時,從事兒童青少年近視矯正的機構或個人不得違反中醫(yī)藥法規(guī)定冒用中醫(yī)藥名義或者假借中醫(yī)藥理論、技術欺騙消費者(deceive consumers in the guise of traditional Chinese medicine),謀取不正當利益。
2018年6月,國家衛(wèi)生健康委表示,我國現有近視人數已經超過4.5億,其中近視高發(fā)年齡段為青少年階段。據不完全統(tǒng)計,小學生的發(fā)病率約30%,初中生約60%,高中生約80%,大學生約90%。
2018年8月底,教育部等八部委聯(lián)合發(fā)布《綜合防控兒童青少年近視實施方案》。其中國家新聞出版署提出要實施網絡游戲總量調控(curb the number of new online games available to children),采取措施限制未成年人使用時間(take new measures to limit their time on games)。
方案提出:
The overall myopia rate among teenagers reduces by more than 0.5 percentage points per year from 2018 until 2023. Provinces with a high incidence of myopia are required to cut at least 1 percentage point per year.
到2023年,力爭實現全國兒童青少年總體近視率在2018年的基礎上每年降低0.5個百分點以上;近視高發(fā)省份每年降低1個百分點以上。
By 2030, the myopia rate for 6-year-old children should be below 3 percent, for primary school students, below 38 percent, for middle school students, below 60 percent, and for high school students, below 70 percent.
到2030年,6歲兒童近視率控制在3%左右,小學生近視率下降到38%以下,初中生近視率下降到60%以下,高中階段學生近視率下降到70%以下。