法國前總統(tǒng)希拉克逝世，享年86歲

法國前總統(tǒng)希拉克逝世，享年86歲

Jacques Chirac, a two-term French President who was the first leader to acknowledge France's role in the Holocaust and defiantly opposed the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, died Thursday at age 86.

兩屆法國總統(tǒng)雅克希拉克(jacques chirac)周四去世，享年86歲。希拉克是首位承認(rèn)法國在大屠殺中所扮演角色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，并在2003年堅(jiān)決反對美國入侵伊拉克。

His son-in-law Frederic Salat-Baroux told The Associated Press that Chirac died "peacefully, among his loved ones". He did not give a cause of death, though Chirac had had repeated health problems since leaving office in 2007.

他的女婿弗雷德里克·薩拉特-巴魯克告訴美聯(lián)社，希拉克“在親人的陪同下平靜地死去”。盡管希拉克自2007年卸任以來，多次出現(xiàn)健康問題，但他并沒有給出死因。

Chirac was long the standard-bearer of France's conservative right, and Mayor of Paris for nearly two decades.

希拉克長期以來一直是法國保守右派的旗手，并擔(dān)任了近20年的巴黎市長。

Yet Chirac showed courage and statesmanship during his presidency.

然而，希拉克在總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出了勇氣和政治家風(fēng)范。

In what may have been his finest hour, France's last leader with memories of World War II crushed the myth of his nation's innocence in the persecution of Jews and their deportation during the Holocaust when he acknowledged France's part.

在他最輝煌的時刻，法國最后一位對二戰(zhàn)記憶猶新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在承認(rèn)法國的責(zé)任時，粉碎了他國家在迫害猶太人和在大屠殺期間驅(qū)逐猶太人方面無罪的神話。

"Yes, the criminal folly of the occupiers was seconded by the French, by the French state," he said on July 16, 1995. "France, the land of the Enlightenment and human rights ... delivered those it protects to their executioners."

1995年7月16日，他說:“是的，占領(lǐng)者的罪惡行徑得到了法國、法國政府的支持。”“法國，啟蒙運(yùn)動和人權(quán)的發(fā)源地……把它保護(hù)的人交給劊子手。”

With words less grand, the man who embraced European unity - once calling it an "art" - raged at the French ahead of their "no" vote in a 2005 referendum on the European constitution meant to fortify the EU. "If you want to shoot yourself in the foot, do it, but after, don't complain," he said. "It's stupid, I'm telling you." He was personally and politically humiliated by the defeat.

在2005年法國就旨在鞏固歐盟的歐洲憲法舉行全民公投，投反對票之前，這位信奉歐洲統(tǒng)一的人(曾稱其為一門“藝術(shù)”)用不那么冠冕堂皇的言辭，對法國人大發(fā)雷霆。他說:“如果你想搬起石頭砸自己的腳，那就去做，但之后不要抱怨。”“我告訴你，這很愚蠢。”這次失敗使他在個人和政治上蒙受了恥辱。

His popularity didn't fully recover until after he left office in 2007, handing power to protege-turned-rival Nicolas Sarkozy.

直到2007年他卸任，將權(quán)力移交給他的門生、后來成為對手的尼古拉•薩科齊(Nicolas Sarkozy)之后，他的支持率才完全恢復(fù)。

Chirac ultimately became one of the French's favourite political figures, often praised for his down-to-earth human touch rather than his political achievements.

希拉克最終成為法國最受歡迎的政治人物之一，人們常常稱贊他腳踏實(shí)地的人情味，而不是他的政治成就。

After two failed attempts, Chirac won the presidency in 1995, ending 14 years of Socialist rule. But his government quickly fell out of favour and parliamentary elections in 1997 forced him to share power with Socialist Prime Minister Lionel Jospin.

經(jīng)過兩次失敗的嘗試，希拉克于1995年贏得總統(tǒng)大選，結(jié)束了14年的社會主義統(tǒng)治。但他的政府很快失寵，1997年的議會選舉迫使他與社會黨總理萊昂內(nèi)爾•若斯潘(Lionel Jospin)分享權(quán)力。

Chirac's outspoken opposition to the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 rocked relations with France's top ally, and the clash weakened the Atlantic alliance.

希拉克2003年公開反對以美國為首的聯(lián)軍入侵伊拉克，動搖了法國與法國最高盟友的關(guān)系，這場沖突削弱了這個大西洋聯(lián)盟。

Photo credit: Reuters

Angry Americans poured Bordeaux wine into the gutter and restaurants renamed French fries "freedom fries" in retaliation.

憤怒的美國人將波爾多葡萄酒倒進(jìn)了下水道，餐館為了報復(fù)，將薯?xiàng)l改名為“自由薯?xiàng)l”。

The United States invaded anyway, yet Chirac gained international support from other war critics.

不管怎樣，美國還是入侵了，但希拉克卻得到了其他戰(zhàn)爭批評者的國際支持。

At home, myriad scandals dogged Chirac, including allegations of misuse of funds and kickbacks during his time as Paris Mayor.

在國內(nèi)，希拉克深陷丑聞，包括在擔(dān)任巴黎市長期間濫用資金和回扣的指控。

He was formally charged in 2007 after he left office as President, losing immunity from prosecution. In 2011, he was found guilty of misuse of public money, breach of trust and illegal conflict of interest and given a two-year suspended jail sentence.

他在2007年卸任總統(tǒng)后被正式起訴，失去了起訴豁免權(quán)。2011年，他被判濫用公款、違反信任和非法利益沖突罪，被判兩年監(jiān)禁，緩期執(zhí)行。

He did not attend the trial. His lawyers explained he was suffering severe memory lapses, possibly related to a stroke. While still President in 2005, Chirac suffered a stroke that put him in the hospital for a week. He had a pacemaker inserted in 2008.

他沒有出席審判。他的律師解釋說，他的記憶力嚴(yán)重衰退，可能與中風(fēng)有關(guān)。2005年希拉克任總統(tǒng)時，因中風(fēng)住院一周。他在2008年植入了心臟起搏器。