登山者不久將被禁止在澳大利亞攀爬神圣的巨石

登山者不久將被禁止在澳大利亞攀爬神圣的巨石

Uluru, seen at sunset from a designated viewing area earlier this year in Australia's Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park. The sandstone monolith will be closed to climbers permanently Saturday, in a blow to tourists' aspirations and a boon to the aboriginal peoples who consider it sacred.

今年早些時(shí)候，在澳大利亞的烏盧魯-卡塔楚塔國(guó)家公園，人們?cè)谥付ǖ挠^賞區(qū)觀看日落時(shí)的烏盧魯。周六，這塊砂巖巨石將對(duì)登山者永久關(guān)閉，這不僅打擊了游客的愿望，對(duì)認(rèn)為它是神圣的原住民來(lái)說(shuō)也是一件好事。

Nestled deeply in the Australian Outback, some 280 miles from the nearest town, a red sandstone behemoth rises higher even than the Eiffel Tower — and has stood at the center of a decades long disagreement between tourists and its traditional owners. That dispute may finally reach its resolution Saturday, when the imposing monolith known as Uluru will be closed permanently to climbers.

這座紅砂巖巨石坐落在澳大利亞內(nèi)陸，距離最近的城鎮(zhèn)約280英里，甚至比埃菲爾鐵塔還高。幾十年來(lái)，它一直是游客和原有所有者之間分歧的中心。這一爭(zhēng)議可能會(huì)在周六得到解決，屆時(shí)烏盧魯?shù)木奘瘜?duì)登山者永久關(guān)閉。

The approaching closure has been celebrated by the indigenous Anangu people, who consider the site sacred — and who have long looked on in anguish as tens of thousands of visitors each year try their hand at scaling it.

土著阿南古人慶祝了巨石即將對(duì)游客關(guān)閉，他們認(rèn)為這個(gè)地方是神圣的，他們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直痛苦地看著每年成千上萬(wàn)的游客試圖攀登它。

"It is an extremely important place, not a playground or theme park like Disneyland," said Sammy Wilson, then chairman of the board that manages Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park.

“這是一個(gè)極其重要的地方，不是迪士尼樂(lè)園那樣的游樂(lè)場(chǎng)或主題公園，”管理烏盧魯-卡塔楚塔國(guó)家公園的董事會(huì)主席薩米威爾遜說(shuō)。

At the time, the board — which comprises both national parks officials and traditional indigenous owners such as Wilson — elected to hold off on implementing the ban until Oct. 26, 2019, an auspicious date in the history of the park. It was precisely 34 years earlier, on Oct. 26, 1985, that Australian authorities handed the title deeds to the land back to the traditional owners.

當(dāng)時(shí)，由國(guó)家公園官員和威爾遜等傳統(tǒng)原住民所有者組成的委員會(huì)決定，將禁令的實(shí)施推遲到2019年10月26日，這是公園歷史上的吉日。正是在34年前的1985年10月26日，澳大利亞當(dāng)局將地契交還給傳統(tǒng)的土地所有者。

This year, with the ban looming, park authorities say they've seen a substantial spike in visitors, a number of whom have sought out the dangerous climb while they can still undertake it — walking past the signs at its base warning, in several different languages, against doing so. In recent months, images of immensely crowded paths have circulated on social media.

今年，隨著禁令的臨近，公園管理部門表示，他們看到游客人數(shù)大幅增加，其中一些人在還能攀登的時(shí)候就找到了危險(xiǎn)的攀爬路線，他們會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)一些有不同語(yǔ)言的警告標(biāo)志，這些警告警告人們不要這樣做。最近幾個(gè)月，擁擠不堪的小路線圖片在社交媒體上流傳。

"The feeling you get from standing at the top is just indescribable," one recent climber, who asked not to be identified, explained to the BBC. "I felt a sense of reverence for the rock afterwards."

一位不愿透露姓名的登山者向BBC解釋說(shuō):“站在山頂?shù)母杏X(jué)簡(jiǎn)直難以形容。”“后來(lái)我對(duì)那塊石頭產(chǎn)生了敬畏之情。”

Local Aboriginal leaders wish that instead, they would feel that reverence for the UNESCO World Heritage site without feeling the need to climb it.

當(dāng)?shù)氐脑∶耦I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者希望他們（攀登者）能感受到對(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)遺址的敬意，但沒(méi)必要攀登它。

"If I travel to another country and there is a sacred site, an area of restricted access, I don't enter or climb it, I respect it. It is the same here for Anangu," Wilson said. "We welcome tourists here. We are not stopping tourism, just this activity."

“如果我去另一個(gè)國(guó)家旅行，那里有一個(gè)神圣的地方，而它是一個(gè)限制進(jìn)入的區(qū)域，我不會(huì)進(jìn)去或爬上去，我會(huì)尊重它。對(duì)阿南古來(lái)說(shuō)也是一樣。”威爾遜說(shuō)。“我們歡迎游客。我們不是在阻止旅游業(yè)，只是在阻止這種活動(dòng)。”

In a fact sheet pointedly titled "Please Don't Climb," Parks Australia said that since record keeping began in the 1950s, at least 35 people have died trying to scale the monolith, which is roughly 95 stories high, steep, slippery and subject to heavy gusts. Every year rescue teams find their hands full with climbers stricken with injuries, heat exhaustion or dehydration.

澳大利亞公園管理局在一份名為《請(qǐng)不要攀登》的簡(jiǎn)報(bào)中說(shuō)，自上世紀(jì)50年代開(kāi)始記錄以來(lái)，至少有35人在攀登這座約95層樓高、陡峭、滑道、易受大風(fēng)襲擊的巨石時(shí)喪生。每年救援隊(duì)都發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都是受傷、中暑或脫水的登山者。

Just last week, in fact, a 12-year-old girl nearly died after falling more than 65 feet during a climb with her family. She survived with only minor injuries, but only after being airlifted out to a medical clinic the nearest town, Alice Springs.

事實(shí)上，就在上周，一名12歲的女孩在與家人爬山時(shí)從65英尺以上的高處墜落，差點(diǎn)喪命。她幸免于難，只受了輕傷，但后來(lái)被空運(yùn)到最近的城鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯的一家醫(yī)療診所。

After the closure on Saturday, parks authorities plan to remove a chain that had been installed to help climbers, and anyone found climbing the monolith will be hit with a hefty fine.

周六公園關(guān)閉后，公園管理部門計(jì)劃拆除一條用來(lái)幫助登山者的鐵鏈，任何爬上巨石的人都將被處以巨額罰款。