自聯(lián)合國開始討論氣候變化以來，世界已變暖了1度

自聯(lián)合國開始討論氣候變化以來，世界已變暖了1度

Since leaders first started talking about tackling the problem of climate change, the world has spewed more heat-trapping gases, gotten hotter and suffered hundreds of extreme weather disasters. Fires have burned, ice has melted and seas have grown.

自從各國領(lǐng)導人第一次開始討論解決氣候變化問題以來，全球已排放了更多的溫室氣體，變得越來越熱，并遭受了數(shù)百次極端天氣災(zāi)害?；馃耍诨?，海也變大了。

The first United Nations diplomatic conference to tackle climate change was in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Here’s what’s happened to Earth since:

1992年在里約熱內(nèi)盧召開了第一次聯(lián)合國應(yīng)對氣候變化外交會議。以下是自那時以來地球發(fā)生的變化:

The carbon dioxide level in the air has jumped from about 358 parts per million to nearly 412, according to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. That’s a 15 percent rise in 27 years.

根據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管理局的數(shù)據(jù)，空氣中的二氧化碳含量從百萬分之358躍升到近412。27年來增長了15%。

Emissions of heat-trapping carbon dioxide from fossil fuel and industry jumped from 6.06 billion metric tons of carbon in 1992 to 9.87 billion metric tons in 2017, according to the Global Carbon Project. That’s a 63 percent increase in 25 years.

根據(jù)全球碳計劃，來自化石燃料和工業(yè)的熱捕獲二氧化碳的排放量從2017的60億6000萬噸碳躍升到2017噸的98億7000萬噸。25年來增長了63%。

The global average temperature rose a tad more than a degree Fahrenheit (0.57 degrees Celsius) in 27 years, according to NOAA.

據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管理局(NOAA)稱，全球平均氣溫27年來上升了一點多華氏度(0.57攝氏度)。

Since Jan. 1, 1993, there have been 212 weather disasters that cost the United States at least $1 billion each, when adjusted for inflation. In total, they cost $1.45 trillion and killed more than 10,000 people. That’s an average of 7.8 such disasters per year since 1993, compared with 3.2 per year from 1980 to 1992, according to NOAA.

自1993年1月1日以來，美國共發(fā)生212起氣象災(zāi)害，經(jīng)通脹因素調(diào)整后，每起災(zāi)害損失至少10億美元。總共花費1.45萬億美元，造成1萬多人死亡。根據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管理局(NOAA)的數(shù)據(jù)，自1993年以來，每年平均發(fā)生7.8起此類災(zāi)害，而1980年至1992年，每年發(fā)生3.2起。

The US Climate Extremes Index has nearly doubled from 1992 to 2018, according to NOAA. The index takes into account far-from-normal temperatures, drought and overall dry spells, abnormal downpours.

根據(jù)NOAA的數(shù)據(jù)，美國極端氣候指數(shù)從1992年到2018年幾乎翻了一番。該指數(shù)考慮了遠離正常溫度、干旱和整體干旱期、異常暴雨的因素。

Nine of the 10 costliest hurricanes to hit the United States when adjusted for inflation have struck since late 1992. The other one, Andrew at No. 6, hit in August 1992, according to NOAA.

自1992年底以來，美國遭受的10次經(jīng)通脹調(diào)整后成本最高的颶風中，有9次發(fā)生。據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管理局(NOAA)稱，另一輛是安德魯，排名第6，于1992年8月上市。

The number of acres burned by wildfires in the United States has more than doubled from a five-year average of 3.3 million acres in 1992 to 7.6 million acres in 2018.

美國野火焚燒的英畝數(shù)從1992年的平均3.3百萬英畝增加到2018年的760萬英畝，翻了一番多。

The annual average extent of Arctic sea ice has shrunk from 4.7 million square miles (12.1 million square kilometers) in 1992 to 3.9 million square miles (10.1 million square kilometers) in 2019, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. That’s a 17 percent decrease.

國家冰雪數(shù)據(jù)中心的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，北極海冰的年平均范圍已從1992年的470萬平方英里(1210萬平方公里)縮小到2019年的390萬平方英里(1010萬平方公里)。減少了17%。

The Greenland ice sheet lost 5.2 trillion tons (4.7 trillion metric tons) of ice from 1993 to 2018, according to a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

根據(jù)《美國國家科學院院刊》的一項研究，從1993年到2018年，格陵蘭冰蓋損失了5.2萬億噸(4.7萬億公噸)的冰。

The Antarctic ice sheet lost 3 trillion tons (2.7 trillion metric tons) of ice from 1992 to 2017, according to a study in the journal Nature.

根據(jù)《自然》雜志的一項研究，南極冰蓋從1992年到2017年損失了3萬億噸(2.7萬億公噸)的冰。

The global sea level has risen on average 2.9 millimeters a year since 1992. That’s a total of 78.3 millimeters, or 3.1 inches, according to NOAA.

自1992年以來，全球海平面平均每年上升2.9毫米。根據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管理局的數(shù)據(jù)，一共是78.3毫米，也就是3.1英寸。